The United Nations, Peace and Security

Höfundur: Ramesh Thakur (Útgáfa: 2)
The United Nations, Peace and Security

Kaup valmöguleikar

Ending humanitarian atrocities has become as important for the United Nations as preventing interstate war. This book examines the transformation of UN operations, analysing its changing role and structure. Ramesh Thakur asks why, when and how force may be used, and argues that the growing gulf between legality and legitimacy is evidence of an eroded sense of international community. He considers the tension between the United States, with its capacity to use force and project power, and the United Nations, as the centre of the international law enforcement system.

He asserts the central importance of the rule of law and a rules-based order focused on the United Nations as the foundation of a civilised system of international relations. This book will be of interest to students of the United Nations and international organisations in politics, law and international relations departments, as well as policymakers in governmental and non-governmental international organisations.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Cambridge University Press
ISBN
9781316827536
Print ISBN
9781107176942
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
2
Höfundar
Ramesh Thakur
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2016-12-13
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
10

Kaflar

  • Cover
  • Half title
  • Title page
  • Imprints page
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Figures
  • Boxes
  • Tables
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgements
  • Introduction
  • Authority, power, legitimacy
  • Ideas and norms as drivers of policy
  • The United Nations in a changing world context
  • The tribalisation and retreat of violence
  • The Arab Spring turns to an Islamist winter
  • The revenge of geopolitics
  • Taming war
  • A personal note
  • Part I An international organisation for keeping the peace
  • 1 Pacific settlement, collective security and international peacekeeping
  • International organisation
  • Pacific settlement and collective security
  • Classical peacekeeping
  • Peace operations
  • UN peacekeepers pay the ultimate price
  • Review and reform of UN peace operations
  • Peacekeeping abuses
  • Impact of peacekeeping
  • Conclusion
  • 2 Peace operations and the UN–US relationship
  • Overview
  • The USA and traditional peacekeeping
  • Post-Cold War optimism
  • The US retreat from multilateralism
  • Relative gains and costs of unilateralism and multilateralism
  • Conclusion
  • Part II Soft security perspectives
  • 3 Human security and human rights
  • Human security
  • Security as a contested concept
  • A template for policy and action
  • Human rights
  • Universal human rights
  • UN machinery
  • The retreat of human rights
  • UN complicity
  • Civil society and the United Nations
  • Conclusion
  • 4 International criminal justice
  • International law and international criminal accountability
  • The International Criminal Court
  • Normative incoherence
  • Democratic authority and accountability deficits
  • Institutional integrity
  • Peace and justice or peace versus justice?
  • Transitional justice
  • Normative inconsistency
  • Selective victors’ justice or impartial universal justice?
  • Torture and rendition
  • Universal justice constrained by power politics
  • UN Security Council
  • The North–South divide and the rule of international law
  • Conclusion
  • 5 International sanctions
  • Defining, measuring and proving success
  • The limited utility of sanctions
  • Ineffectual
  • Nuclear non-proliferation
  • Counter-productive
  • Self-damaging
  • Strained relations with third parties and allies
  • Questionable morality
  • Termination trap
  • Iraq’s oil-for-food programme (OFFP)
  • Smartening up the sanctions act
  • Conclusion
  • Part III Hard security issues
  • 6 The nuclear threat
  • The state of play of nuclear weapons in 2015
  • Disarmament
  • Non-proliferation
  • North Korea
  • Iran
  • Incentivised sanctions
  • Norms
  • Treaties
  • The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty
  • The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
  • Nuclear-weapon-free zones
  • Nuclear safety and security
  • Compliance and coercion
  • Mitigating and eliminating nuclear risks
  • Conclusion
  • 7 International terrorism
  • 9/11 and the ‘war on terror’
  • Fashioning a global response
  • Nuclear terrorism and ICSANT
  • Law enforcement
  • Root causes
  • Democracy, good governance and the rule of law
  • Death from the air: drone strikes as a weapon in the war on terror
  • Group grievance
  • Intractable conflicts
  • Poverty
  • Conclusion
  • 8 Kosovo 1999 and Iraq 2003 as unilateral interventions
  • Kosovo 1999
  • The case for NATO intervention: filling a critical protection gap …
  • … Or opening new international fault lines?
  • Iraq 2003
  • Motives
  • Enduring costs
  • Kosovo as precedent
  • Conclusion
  • 9 Afghanistan, Libya and Syria: UN-authorised interventions and non-intervention
  • Afghanistan 2001–15
  • Light UN footprint
  • Libya 2011
  • Syria 2011–15
  • Five reasons for caution
  • Chemical weapons use
  • Use of force?
  • Long-term instability and spread of jihad
  • Rule of law
  • Conclusion
  • 10 From humanitarian intervention to R2P: cosmetic or consequential?
  • Annan’s ‘challenge of humanitarian intervention’
  • Political
  • Humanitarian intervention
  • Disrespecting the rest
  • Conceptual
  • International executive authority: updating principle to align with evolving practice
  • Normative
  • Procedural
  • International intervention in the USA?
  • R2P constrains all major power unilateralism in use of force
  • Operational
  • Conclusion
  • 11 The development and evolution of R2P as international policy
  • Default policy setting: non-intervention norm breached but not challenged
  • Policy challenge: mass atrocity crimes
  • Policy innovation: ICISS and the responsibility to protect
  • Policy development
  • Policy implementation
  • Policy paralysis?
  • Emerging policy parameters
  • Developing countries’ unease in 2001
  • Emerging powers today
  • Conclusion
  • Part IV Institutional developments
  • 12 Reforming the United Nations
  • The UN record
  • The Millennium Development Goals
  • Internal reforms
  • The 2005 reform effort
  • Peace-building Commission
  • Security Council reform
  • Legitimacy deficits
  • Renewed efforts
  • Reforming Security Council procedures
  • The veto
  • Quota politics in the Secretariat?
  • Conclusion
  • 13 The political role of the United Nations Secretary-General
  • Bases of power and authority of the SG
  • The key UN constituencies
  • Personality
  • Leadership
  • Dag Hammarskjöld and Kofi Annan
  • Ban Ki-moon
  • Appointment process
  • Conclusion
  • Conclusion: at the crossroads of ideals and reality
  • The use of force
  • Legality and legitimacy
  • The UN–US pas de deux
  • The United Nations as a bridge between the North and the global South
  • The rule of law
  • International interventions
  • R2P as the intersection of interests and values
  • The romantics and the cynics
  • Conclusion
  • Index