The Routledge Companion to Media Anthropology
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The Routledge Companion to Media Anthropology provides a broad overview of the widening and flourishing area of media anthropology, and outlines key themes, debates, and emerging directions. The Routledge Companion to Media Anthropology draws together the work of scholars from across the globe, with rich ethnographic studies that address a wide range of media practices and forms. Comprising 41 chapters by a team of international contributors, the Companion is divided into three parts: Histories Approaches Thematic Considerations.
The chapters offer wide-ranging explorations of how forms of mediation influence communication, social relationships, cultural practices, participation, and social change, as well as production and access to information and knowledge. This volume considers new developments, and highlights the ways in which anthropology can contribute to the study of the human condition and the social processes in which media are entangled.
This is an indispensable teaching resource for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students and an essential text for scholars working across the areas that media anthropology engages with, including anthropology, sociology, media and cultural studies, internet and communication studies, and science and technology studies. Chapters 7, 12 and 15 (CC-BY-NC-ND) and Chapter 6 (CC-BY-ND) of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.
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- Taylor & Francis
- 9781000643152
- 9781032007762
- ePub
- 1
- Costa, Elisabetta
- English
- 2022-09-30
- 100
- 2
- 2
Kaflar
- Cover
- Half Title
- Series Page
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Table of Contents
- List of Figures
- List of Contributors
- Acknowledgements
- Introduction
- Media Anthropologies
- Histories
- Approaches
- Media as Infrastructure
- Media as Practice
- Media as Materiality
- Media as Representation
- Thematic Considerations
- Relationships
- Social Inequality and Marginalization
- Identities and Social Change
- Political Conservatism
- Surveillance
- Emerging Technologies
- References
- Part I Histories
- 1 Media Anthropology and the Digital Challenge
- Functionalist Foundations
- National Culture
- Development Communications
- Media as Symbolic Systems
- The Emergence of Media Anthropology
- The Anthropology of News and Journalism
- Indigenous and Activist Media
- Digital Challenges
- Challenge #1: What’s New About Digital Media?
- Challenge #2: Digital Divisions
- Challenge #3: Post-Radial Semiotics
- Challenge #4: Imagining Communities
- Challenge #5: Play, Game and Design
- Conclusion
- References
- 2 Indigenous Media: Anthropological Perspectives and Historical Notes
- Introduction
- Indigenous Media in an Anthropology of Media
- Media as Cultural Activism?
- Media Anthropologists as Activists
- Indigeneity and the Indigenizing of Media Technologies
- Sociopolitical Change
- Internet for Remote First Nation Communities in Canada
- Conclusion
- References
- 3 A Longitudinal Study of Media in Brazil
- Prime-Time Society (PTS)
- The Stage Model
- Liberal Attitudes
- TV’s Contraceptive Effect
- The Research Continues: Amazon Town TV (ATTV)
- Mẽbêngôkre-Kayapó TV
- The Next Round
- Final Remarks
- Notes
- References
- Part II Approaches
- A Media as Infrastructure
- 4 “Here, Listen to My CD-R”: Music Transactions and Infrastructures in Underground Hip-Hop Touring
- Infrastructures of Industry, Touring, and Merchandise Sales
- Ethnographies of Underground Hip Hop
- Unpacking the CD-R
- CD-R Exchanges in Underground Hip Hop
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 5 “Technology is Wonderful Until It Isn’t”: Community-Based Research and the Precarity of Digital Infrastructure
- Background
- “Not Quite Plumb”: Squaring Fundamental Infrastructures and Foundational Knowledge
- Imaging Discussion: Exploring Possibilities and the Promise of Technology
- Zoom Matters: Technology Literacy and Community Dialogues During a Pandemic
- Lessons Learned
- References
- 6 Media Migration
- Ethnographic Context
- Media Migration Histories
- Media Migration Dynamics and Migration Theory
- Motivations for Leaving
- Migrating to Self-Actualize
- Relation to Diaspora
- Migratory Return
- A Collective Conversation About Media Migration
- Types of Media Migration
- Departures and Arrivals
- Conclusion
- References
- 7 The Digitally Natural: Hypomediacy and the “Really Real” in Game Design
- Games and Remediation
- Ritual and the Real
- From Explicit to Implicit Participation
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Notes
- References
- B Media as Practice
- 8 Media Practices and Their Social Effects
- Practices, Worlds, Effects
- Mediatising Effects
- Worlding Effects
- Who Needs Effects?
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 9 Television is Not a Democracy: The Limits of Interactive Broadcast in Japan
- The Twenty-First Century Audience
- Television is Not a Democracy
- Is Nico Nico Douga the Enemy?
- The Future of Television, the Status of Images
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 10 Producing Place through Play: An Ethnography of Location-based Gaming
- Play as a Media Practice
- Playable Locative Media
- Play as a Practice of Place-making
- Social Place-making with Locative Media
- Towards Locative Gaming Platforms: Pokémon Go
- Conclusion: Play as a Place-making Practice
- References
- 11 PhotoMedia as Anthropology: Towards a Speculative Research Method
- Introduction
- Visual Anthropology as a Practice
- Photography as an Object: Observing
- Photograph(ing) as a Method: Thinking
- Photography as an Intervention: Imagining
- Towards a Future-oriented Media Anthropology
- Imaginative Speculation
- Techno-reflexivity
- Conclusion
- Note
- References
- 12 Content-as-Practice: Studying Digital Content with a Media Practice Approach
- Introduction
- Understanding Digital Content-as-Practice
- Human Actors, Practical Sense, and Technological Affordances
- From Social Media Algorithms to Routinised Practices
- Content-as-Practice and the Holocaust Memorial
- Methodological Consequences
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- C Media as Materiality
- 13 The Materiality of the Virtual in Urban Space
- Media Materiality and Urban Placemaking
- Mobile Media in Café Culture
- Public Media Mutuality
- Digital Materiality and Organizing in Pandemic Brooklyn
- The Virtual Matter of Urban Space
- References
- 14 Anthropology and Digital Media: Multivocal Materialities of Video Meetings and Deafness
- Digital Media Anthropology
- A Video Meeting at SVT Teckenspråk
- Being d/Deaf at SVT Teckenspråk
- “Artifacts”
- Experiences
- Practices
- Processes
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 15 Cloudwork: Data Centre Labour and the Maintenance of Media Infrastructure
- The Transcendental Media Imaginary
- The People in the Cloud
- Cloud Pressure
- Caring for Data
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 16 Media Anthropology and Emerging Technologies: Re-working Media Presence
- Shifting Modes of Media and Technological Presence
- Interventional Ethnography
- Content, Communication, and Presence
- Bringing the Experience of Smart Home Technologies to Life
- Towards an Applied Media Anthropology
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- References
- D Media as Representation
- 17 #Everest: Visual Economies of Leisure and Labour in the Tourist Encounter
- Visibility and Everest in Global Visual Cultures
- Digital Communication as Building and Disrupting Relationships in the Everest Tourism Industry
- Conclusion: the Aesthetics of Everest for Mediating Aspirations
- References
- 18 Postcolonial Digital Collections: Instruments, Mirrors, Agents
- Situating the Postcolonial in Museums
- Into the Digital
- Three Postcolonial Theories of (Digital) Representation
- The Digital as Instrument
- The Digital as Mirror or Mimesis
- The Digital as Agent
- Postcolonial Digital Projects in Theory and Practice
- New Forms of Digital Collecting
- Instrumentalizing the Database
- Digital Objects and Mimetic Returns
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Notes
- References
- 19 Ethnographies of the Digitally Dispossessed
- Media Anthropology and the Sources of Power/Knowledge
- Entering via Flagged Erasures
- Following Sources and Their Characterisation
- Analysing the Networks That Traverse Articles
- New Centres of Power/Knowledge
- Notes
- References
- Part III Thematic Considerations
- A Relationships
- 20 “Friends from WeChat groups”: The Practice of Friendship via Social Media among Older People in China
- Introduction
- Mediated Friendship in the Chinese Context
- Daily Use of WeChat and WeChat Groups among Older People in Shanghai
- Different Types of WeChat Groups
- Friend-making and Guanxi Practice in WeChat Groups
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgement
- Notes
- References
- 21 Mediated Money and Social Relationships among Hong Kong Cross-Boundary Students
- Money as Media
- Methods and Social Context
- Digital Money Differentials: Payment and Place
- Mediating Family Relations: Parental Nurturance and Control of Offspring
- Consumptive Relations: “Simple” and “Complex” Payment Repertoires
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 22 Narratives of Digital Intimacy: Romanian Migration and Mediated Transnational Life
- Introduction
- Digital Intimacies as Discursive Formations
- Case Background and Research Methodology: Studying Romanian Transnational Cultural Formations
- Mothers’ Diasporic Efforts Toward Cultural Reproduction
- How Cultures of Migration Shape Mediated Transnational Relationships
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- B Social Inequality and Marginalisation
- 23 Mediating Hopes: Social Media and Crisis in Northern Italy
- Introduction
- Crisis in Northern Italy
- Online branding and local forms of socialities
- Giulia: Social Media and the Practice of Hoping
- Laura and Luca: Self-Branding and the Crafting of Meaningful Relationships
- Social Media and the Mediation of Hope
- References
- 24 Digital Inequality and Relatedness in India after Access
- Inequalities after Access
- Understanding Gradations of Use
- The Diversity of Digital Practices after Access
- Refashioning of Social Hierarchies
- Digital Recreation as Social Change
- Conclusions
- Notes
- References
- 25 In This Together: Black Women, Collective Screening Experiences, and Space-Making as Meaning-Making
- Introduction
- Distance and Distancing in Black Women’s U.S. Media Histories
- A Night Out: Alternatives of Black Media Screening and Engagement
- Co-Production of Meaning: Why Screening Events are Important Sites of Inquiry
- Visceral Validation: Reclaiming Space, Body, and Affect
- Conclusion: Black Un/Imagining in Collective Screening Spaces
- References
- 26 Black Gamer’s Refuge: Finding Community within the Magic Circle of Whiteness
- Introduction
- The Dissolution of Black People Discord
- Black Girl Gamers, the Black Spoil Sport, and Possibilities within the Magic Circle of Whiteness
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- C Identities and Social Change
- 27 Inking Identity: Indigenous Nationalism in Bolivian Tattoo Art
- Introduction
- Tattoo, Identity, and Place
- The Politics of Indigeneity
- Tattoos with Indigenous Symbolism
- From Abstraction to Appropriation?
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 28 Being Known and Becoming Famous in Kampala, Uganda
- Introduction
- From Taboo to Tabloid: Sex and Development in Uganda’s Public Sphere
- The Producers
- The Sensitization Model
- Modernity claims, morality claims
- Cross-Generational Sex Starts with You!
- Notes
- References
- 29 The Hall of Mirrors: Negotiating Gender on Chilean Social Media
- Identity Construction on Social Media
- Alexa
- Normative Gender, Radical Potential
- Damned if you do …
- Damned if you don’t …
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- D Political Conservatism
- 30 Media Anthropology and the Crisis of Facts
- Introduction
- “One to Eight”: The Dominance of Media-Driven Political Right
- A Concern with Civility and Incivility
- Talk About Racism As Lack of Civility
- Ali Does Know How to Use the Toilet
- Incivility of Toilet Habits
- Freedom to Eroticize Torture
- The “Nation in Danger” and the Indifference to Facts
- Conclusion
- Note
- References
- 31 Conspiracy Media Ecologies and the Case for Guerilla Anthropology
- America’s Stonehenge Vandalized
- Mediated conspirituality
- The Case for Guerrilla Archaeology
- Aftermath
- Notes
- References
- 32 Researching Political Trolls as Instruments of Political Conservatism in Turkey: A Historical Framework and Methodological Reflections on a Discourse Community
- Introduction
- Why Study Political Trolls?
- In the Field: Different Historical Moments, Multiple Methods
- Trolling as a Discourse Community in the Service of Political Conservatism
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- 33 Performing Conservativism: A Study of Emerging Political Mobilisations in Latin America using “Social Media Drama” Analysis
- Introduction
- Morally Centred Social Movements: The State of Affairs
- A “Social Media Drama” Analysis for Conservative Mobilisation
- Performing Conservatism in Latin America
- Performing Conservatism and Co-Creation in Lima
- Performing Conservatism in Bogota’s Autonomous Media
- Concluding Remarks
- References
- E Surveillance
- 34 Algorithmic violence in everyday life and the role of media anthropology
- Introduction
- Tech-Surveillance and the Question about Profiling
- ‘There is so much more to me as a person’: Everyday Negotiations with Algorithmic Profiling, Human Reductionism, and Inequality
- Algorithmic Violence, Bureaucracy, and the Role of Anthropology
- Conclusion
- References
- 35 Queer and Muslim?: Social Surveillance and Islamic Sexual Ethics on Twitter
- Enjoining the Right and Forbidding the Wrong as Social Surveillance
- “LGBT is Disgusting”/“You Are Married to Your Cousin”: Islamic Sexual Ethics on Twitter
- Conclusions: Toward a Theory of Contingent Privacy Online
- References
- 36 Queer Sousveillance: Publics, Politics, and Social Media in South Korea
- Surveillance Studies and Social Media
- Enumeration and Practices of Queer Sousveillance
- Conclusion
- References
- F Emerging Technologies and Contemporary Challenges: Data, AI and VR
- 37 The algorithmic silhouette: New Technologies and the Fashionable Body
- Closet Ethnography: Dress, Clothing, and Identity in the Caribbean
- Fashioning Silhouettes
- Visibility and Misrecognition
- Algorithmic Silhouettes in Context
- Conclusion
- References
- 38 Unlocking heritage in situ: Tourist Places and Augmented Reality in Estonia
- Making Apps for Tourist Sites
- From touristic flânerie to augmented heritage
- Embodying Imaginings in Tourist Places
- Conclusion
- References
- 39 Precarity, discrimination and (in)visibility: An Ethnography of “The Algorithm” in the YouTube Influencer Industry
- Context: The Influencer Industry and Rise of Professional Content Creators
- Critical/Ethnographic Approaches to Algorithms in Cultural Work
- Algorithmic Hearsay and Folk Theories
- Pleasing The Algorithm Gods
- Algorithmic Detectives and Conspiracy Theorists
- Influencer Practices: Gaming The Algorithm
- Feeding the Hungry Algorithm
- Stuck Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Algorithmic Optimisation Versus Authenticity
- Influencer Experiences: Feeling the Algorithm
- The Fear of Algorithmically Induced Invisibility
- Algorithmic Discrimination: The Marginalisation of Creators on YouTube
- Conclusions
- References
- 40 AI Design and Everyday Logics in the Kalahari
- Ethnographies of AI
- Explainable Algorithms
- Data and the Global Souths
- Ethnography, HCI and Africa
- Localising Technology Production
- Translating Inhabitant Knowledge
- Explainable AI in the Kalahari
- Engaging with Ju|’hoansi People
- At the Intersection of AI, Programming Languages, Probability Theory and Local Predictive Practices
- Predictive Logics: Stories and Spinner Games
- Conditional Probability: Trees with Holes, Water and Snakes
- Numbers are Stories
- Temporal Registers
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
- References
- 41 Ethnography of/and Virtual Reality
- Defining Immersion
- Producing and Consuming Immersion
- Critiquing Immersion
- Conclusion
- Notes
- References
- Afterword
- Achievements
- Comparisons
- Future Dialogues
- Conclusion
- References
- Appendix
- Index