The Craft of Research

Höfundur: Wayne Booth (Útgáfa: 5)
The Craft of Research

Kaup valmöguleikar

Rækilega uppfærð útgáfa af sígildu og vinsælu verki sem hefur leiðbeint kynslóðum rannsakenda við að vinna árangursríkar og merkingarbærar rannsóknir. Frá fyrstu útgáfu hefur The Craft of Research selst í meira en milljón eintökum og nýst rannsakendum á öllum náms- og starfsstigum, allt frá framhaldsskólanemum og nemendum á fyrsta ári í háskóla til framhaldsnema og rannsakenda í atvinnulífi og hjá hinu opinbera.

Þetta grundvallarrit er eftir hina reyndu rannsakendur og kennara Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb og Joseph M. Williams. Þar er útskýrt hvernig velja má mikilvæg viðfangsefni, setja fram raunverulegar og gagnlegar rannsóknarspurningar, finna og meta heimildir, byggja upp traustan og sannfærandi rökstuðning og miðla honum á áhrifaríkan hátt. Nýja útgáfan varðveitir sannreynda nálgun bókarinnar á rannsóknarferlið, almenna uppbyggingu hennar og aðgengilegan stíl en tekur jafnframt mið af þeim fjölbreyttu aðferðum sem nú eru notaðar við rannsóknir og miðlun þeirra.

Joseph Bizup og William T. FitzGerald hafa endurskoðað bókina ítarlega. Þar er tekið tillit til þess að rannsóknir leiða ekki alltaf til ritgerðar eða annars lokaafurðar, auk þess sem nýr kafli fjallar um áhrifaríka framsetningu. Bókin inniheldur ný dæmi úr ýmsum fræðigreinum sem höfða til nemenda og annarra lesenda samtímans. Einnig er fjallað um nýja tækni sem notuð er við rannsóknir og veittar almennar leiðbeiningar um viðeigandi notkun skapandi gervigreindar.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
University of Chicago Press
ISBN
9780226826660
Print ISBN
9780226833880
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
5
Höfundar
Wayne Booth
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2024-06-24
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
10
Afritunar takmörkun
10

Kaflar

  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Dedication
  • Contents
  • Preface: The Aims of This Edition
  • Introduction: Your Research and Your Audience
  • I.1  What Is Research?
  • I.2  Connecting with Your Audience
  • I.3  Understanding Your Role
  • I.4  Imagining the Role of Your Audience
  • I.5  How to Use This Book
  • ▶ Quick tip: A Checklist for Understanding Your Audience
  • I  Asking Questions, Seeking Answers
  • Prologue: Planning Your Project—An Overview
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Sustaining a Research Project Alone and in Groups
  • 1  From Topics to Questions
  • 1.1  From an Interest to a Topic
  • 1.2  From Focused Topic to Research Question
  • 1.3  The Most Significant Question: So What?
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Finding Topics
  • 2  From Questions to a Problem
  • 2.1  Understanding Research Problems
  • 2.2  Distinguishing Between “Pure” and “Applied” Research
  • 2.3  Connecting Research to Practical Consequences
  • 2.4  Finding a Good Research Problem
  • 2.5  Learning to Work with Problems
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Making an Opportunity of Inexperience
  • II  Sources and Resources
  • Prologue: Sources and Authentic Research
  • 3  Finding and Evaluating Sources
  • 3.1  Understanding Three Types of Sources
  • 3.2  Making the Most of the Library
  • 3.3  Locating Sources Online
  • 3.4  Evaluating Sources for Relevance and Reliability
  • 3.5  Looking Beyond Predictable Sources
  • 3.6  Using People to Further Your Research
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Using Generative Artificial Intelligence
  • 4  Engaging Sources
  • 4.1  Recording Complete Bibliographic Information
  • 4.2  Engaging Sources Actively
  • 4.3  Reading for a Problem
  • 4.4  Reading for Arguments
  • 4.5  Reading for Data and Support
  • 4.6  Taking Notes Systematically
  • 4.7  Annotating Your Sources
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Managing Moments of Uncertainty
  • III  Making Your Argument
  • Prologue: Assembling a Research Argument
  • 5  Making Good Arguments: An Overview
  • 5.1  Argument as Conversation
  • 5.2  Assembling the Core of Your Argument
  • 5.3  Explaining Your Reasoning with Warrants
  • 5.4  Acknowledging and Responding to Anticipated Questions and Objections
  • 5.5  Planning Your Research Argument
  • 5.6  Creating Your Ethos
  • ▶ Quick Tip: A Common Mistake—Falling Back on What You Know
  • 6  Making Claims
  • 6.1  Determining the Kind of Claim You Should Make
  • 6.2  Evaluating Your Claim
  • 6.3  Qualifying Claims to Enhance Your Credibility
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Make Your Claim Contestable
  • 7  Assembling Reasons and Evidence
  • 7.1  Using Reasons to Plan Your Argument
  • 7.2  Distinguishing Evidence from Reasons
  • 7.3  Determining the Kind of Evidence You Need
  • 7.4  Distinguishing Evidence from Reports of It
  • 7.5  Evaluating Your Evidence
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Assess Your Evidence as You Gather It
  • 8  Warrants
  • 8.1  Warrants in Everyday Reasoning
  • 8.2  Warrants in Research Arguments
  • 8.3  Testing Warrants
  • 8.4  Knowing When to State a Warrant
  • 8.5  Using Warrants to Test Your Argument
  • 8.6  Challenging Others’ Warrants
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Reasons, Evidence, and Warrants
  • 9  Acknowledgments and Responses
  • 9.1  Questions About Your Research Problem
  • 9.2  Questions About the Soundness of Your Argument
  • 9.3  Imagining Alternatives to Your Argument
  • 9.4  Deciding What to Acknowledge
  • 9.5  Framing Your Responses as Sub-Arguments
  • 9.6  The Vocabulary of Acknowledgment and Response
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Three Predictable Disagreements
  • IV  Delivering Your Argument
  • Prologue: Planning, Writing, and Thinking
  • 10  Planning and Drafting
  • 10.1  Why a Formal Paper?
  • 10.2  Planning Your Paper
  • 10.3  Avoiding Three Common but Flawed Patterns
  • 10.4  Turning Your Plan into a Draft
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Managing Anxiety as a Writer
  • 11  Revising and Organizing
  • 11.1  Thinking Like a Reader
  • 11.2  Revising Your Frame
  • 11.3  Revising Your Argument
  • 11.4  Revising Your Organization
  • 11.5  Checking Your Paragraphs
  • 11.6  Letting Your Draft Cool, Then Revisiting It
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Abstracts
  • 12  Incorporating Sources
  • 12.1  Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting
  • 12.2  Creating a Fair Summary
  • 12.3  Creating a Fair Paraphrase
  • 12.4  Using Direct Quotations
  • 12.5  Mixing Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation
  • 12.6  Showing Readers How Evidence Is Relevant
  • 12.7  The Social Importance of Citing Sources
  • 12.8  Four Common Citation Styles
  • 12.9  Guarding Against Inadvertent Plagiarism
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Indicating Citations in Your Paper
  • 13  Communicating Evidence Visually
  • 13.1  Choosing Visual or Verbal Representations
  • 13.2  Choosing the Most Effective Graphic
  • 13.3  Designing Tables, Charts, and Graphs
  • 13.4  Specific Guidelines for Tables, Bar Charts, and Line Graphs
  • 13.5  Representing Data Ethically
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Look for Opportunities to Include Visual Evidence
  • 14  Introductions and Conclusions
  • 14.1  The Common Structure of Introductions
  • 14.2  Step 1: Stating a Context
  • 14.3  Step 2: Stating Your Problem
  • 14.4  Step 3: Stating Your Response
  • 14.5  Setting the Right Pace
  • 14.6  Finding Your First Few Words
  • 14.7  Writing Your Conclusion
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Use Key Terms in Titles
  • 15  Revising Style: Telling Your Story Clearly
  • 15.1  Judging Style
  • 15.2  The First Two Principles of Clear Writing
  • 15.3  A Third Principle: Old Before New
  • 15.4  Choosing Between the Active and Passive Voice
  • 15.5  A Final Principle: Complexity Last
  • 15.6  Editorial Polish
  • ▶ Quick Tip: The Quickest Revision Strategy
  • 16  Research Presentations
  • 16.1  Presenting to Auditors
  • 16.2  Giving a Preliminary Presentation
  • 16.3  Giving a Final Presentation
  • ▶ Quick Tip: Treat Your Presentation as a Performance
  • V  Some Last Considerations
  • 17  The Ethics of Research
  • 17.1  Your Ethical Obligation to Yourself
  • 17.2  Your Ethical Obligations to Your Audience and Fellow Researchers
  • 17.3  Research and Social Responsibility
  • 17.4  A Final Thought
  • 18  Advice for Teachers
  • 18.1  The Risks of Imposing Formal Rules
  • 18.2  On Assignment Scenarios: Creating a Ground for Curiosity
  • 18.3  Accepting the Inevitable Messiness of Learning
  • Our Debts
  • Appendix: A Brief Guide to Bibliographic and Other Resources
  • Index