Social Psychology, Global Edition

Name: Social Psychology, Global Edition
Price: 4390 ISK
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Author: Elliot Aronson; Timothy D. Wilson; Samuel R Sommers; Elizabeth Page-Gould; Neil Lewis Jr.
ISBN: 9781292466675

Höfundar: Elliot Aronson; Timothy D. Wilson; Samuel R Sommers; Elizabeth Page-Gould; Neil Lewis Jr. (Útgáfa: 11)

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Social Psychology kynnir lykilhugtök greinarinnar með frásagnarnálgun sem gerir rannsóknirnar áhugaverðar og aðgengilegar. Höfundarnir byggja á víðtækri reynslu sinni af rannsóknum og kennslu og setja klassískar rannsóknir fram hlið við hlið við þær nýjustu, sem marka framtíð félagssálfræðinnar. Í elleftu útgáfu bætast við framlög frá nýjum meðhöfundum, Elizabeth Page-Gould og Neil Lewis Jr.

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Útgefandi: Pearson International Content

ISBN: 9781292466675

Print ISBN: 9781292734774

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 11

Höfundar: Elliot Aronson; Timothy D. Wilson; Samuel R Sommers; Elizabeth Page-Gould; Neil Lewis Jr.

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 2025-05-12

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Prent takmörkun: 2

Afritunar takmörkun: 2

Kaflar

Cover
Cover
Cover
Front Matter
Title Page
Copyright Page and Dedication
Preface
About the Authors
1: Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction: Introducing Social Psychology
1.1: Defining Social Psychology
1.1: Defining Social Psychology
Social Psychology, Philosophy, Science, and Common Sense
How Social Psychology Differs From Its Closest Cousins
1.2: The Power of the Situation
1.2: The Power of the Situation
Underestimating the Power of the Situation
The Importance of Construal
1.3: Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives
1.3: Where Construals Come From: Basic Human Motives
The Self-Esteem Motive: The Need to Feel Good About Ourselves
The Social Cognition Motive: The Need to Be Accurate
The Role of Culture
1.4: Why Study Social Psychology?
1.4: Why Study Social Psychology?
Summary: Introducing Social Psychology
Summary: Introducing Social Psychology
2: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
Introduction: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
2.1: Social Psychology: An Empirical Science
2.1: Social Psychology: An Empirical Science
Formulating Hypotheses and Theories
2.2: Research Designs
2.2: Research Designs
The Observational Method: Describing Social Behavior
The Correlational Method: Predicting Social Behavior
The Experimental Method: Answering Causal Questions
2.3: New Frontiers in Social Psychological Research
2.3: New Frontiers in Social Psychological Research
Culture and Social Psychology
Social Neuroscience
The Open Science Movement
2.4: Ethical Issues in Social Psychology
2.4: Ethical Issues in Social Psychology
Summary and Key Terms: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
Summary and Key Terms: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
Introduction: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
3.1: On Automatic Pilot: Low-Effort Thinking
3.1: On Automatic Pilot: Low-Effort Thinking
People as Everyday Theorists: Automatic Thinking With Schemas
Which Schemas Do We Use? Accessibility and Priming
Making Our Schemas Come True: The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
3.2: Types of Automatic Thinking
3.2: Types of Automatic Thinking
Automatic Goal Pursuit
Automatic Thinking and Metaphors About the Body and the Mind
Mental Strategies and Shortcuts: Judgmental Heuristics
3.3: Cultural Differences in Social Cognition
3.3: Cultural Differences in Social Cognition
Cultural Determinants of Schemas
Holistic Versus Analytic Thinking
3.4: Controlled Social Cognition: High-Effort Thinking
3.4: Controlled Social Cognition: High-Effort Thinking
Controlled Thinking and Free Will
Mentally Undoing the Past: Counterfactual Reasoning
Improving Human Thinking
Artificial Intelligence Revisited
Summary: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
Summary: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People
Introduction: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People
4.1: Nonverbal Communication
4.1: Nonverbal Communication
Facial Expressions of Emotion
Culture and the Channels of Nonverbal Communication
4.2: First Impressions: Quick But Long-Lasting
4.2: First Impressions: Quick But Long-Lasting
The Lingering Influence of Initial Impressions
4.3: Causal Attribution: Answering the "Why" Question
4.3: Causal Attribution: Answering the "Why" Question
The Nature of the Attribution Process
The Covariation Model: Internal Versus External Attributions
The Fundamental Attribution Error: People as Personality Psychologists
Self-Serving Attributions
The "Bias Blind Spot"
4.4: Culture and Social Perception
4.4: Culture and Social Perception
Holistic Versus Analytic Thinking
Cultural Differences in the Fundamental Attribution Error
Culture and Other Attributional Biases
Summary: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People
Summary: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People
5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
Introduction: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
5.1: The Origins and Nature of the Self-Concept
5.1: The Origins and Nature of the Self-Concept
Cultural Influences on the Self-Concept
Functions of the Self
5.2: Self-Knowledge
5.2: Self-Knowledge
Knowing Ourselves Through Introspection
Knowing Ourselves by Observing Our Own Behavior
Using Other People to Know Ourselves
5.3: Self-Control: The Executive Function of the Self
5.3: Self-Control: The Executive Function of the Self
5.4: Impression Management: All the World’s a Stage
5.4: Impression Management: All the World’s a Stage
Ingratiation and Self-Handicapping
Culture, Impression Management, and Self-Enhancement
Summary and Key Terms: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
Summary and Key Terms: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
6: Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem
Introduction: Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem
6.1: The Theory of Cognitive Dissonance: Protecting Our Self-Esteem
6.1: The Theory of Cognitive Dissonance: Protecting Our Self-Esteem
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions
The Justification of Effort
Counterattitudinal Behavior
Avoiding Temptations
The Hypocrisy Paradigm
Dissonance Across Cultures
6.2: Advances and Extensions of Cognitive Dissonance Theory
6.2: Advances and Extensions of Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Self-Affirmation Theory
Dissonance in Close Relationships: Self-Evaluation Maintenance Theory
6.3: Some Concluding Thoughts on Dissonance and Self-Esteem
6.3: Some Concluding Thoughts on Dissonance and Self-Esteem
Overcoming Dissonance
Narcissism and the Dangers of Too Much Self-Esteem
Summary and Key Terms: Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem
Summary and Key Terms: Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem
7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings
Introduction: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings
7.1: The Nature and Origin of Attitudes
7.1: The Nature and Origin of Attitudes
Where Do Attitudes Come From?
Explicit Versus Implicit Attitudes
7.2: When Do Attitudes Predict Behavior?
7.2: When Do Attitudes Predict Behavior?
Predicting Spontaneous Behaviors
Predicting Deliberative Behaviors
7.3: How Do Attitudes Change?
7.3: How Do Attitudes Change?
Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior: Cognitive Dissonance Theory Revisited
Persuasive Communications and Attitude Change
Emotion and Attitude Change
Attitude Change and the Body
7.4: The Power of Advertising
7.4: The Power of Advertising
How Advertising Works
Subliminal Advertising: A Form of Mind Control?
Advertising and Culture
7.5: Resisting Persuasive Messages
7.5: Resisting Persuasive Messages
Attitude Inoculation
Being Alert to Product Placement
Resisting Peer Pressure
When Persuasion Attempts Backfire: Reactance Theory
Summary and Key Terms: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings
Summary and Key Terms: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings
8: Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior
Introduction: Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior
8.1: Conformity: When and Why
8.1: Conformity: When and Why
8.2: Informational Social Influence: The Need to Know What’s “Right”
8.2: Informational Social Influence: The Need to Know What’s “Right”
The Importance of Being Accurate
When Informational Conformity Backfires
When Will People Conform to Informational Social Influence?
8.3: Normative Social Influence: The Need to Be Accepted
8.3: Normative Social Influence: The Need to Be Accepted
Conformity and Social Approval: The Asch Line-Judgment Studies
The Importance of Being Accurate, Revisited
The Consequences of Resisting Normative Social Influence
When Will People Conform to Normative Social Influence?
Minority Influence: When the Few Influence the Many
8.4: Conformity Tactics
8.4: Conformity Tactics
The Role of Injunctive and Descriptive Norms
Using Norms to Change Behavior: Beware the “Boomerang Effect”
Other Tactics of Social Influence
8.5: Obedience to Authority
8.5: Obedience to Authority
The Milgram Study
The Role of Normative Social Influence
The Role of Informational Social Influence
Other Reasons Why We Obey
The Obedience Studies, Then and Now
Summary and Key Terms: Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior
Summary and Key Terms: Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior
9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
Introduction: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
9.1: What Is a Group?
9.1: What Is a Group?
Why Do People Join Groups?
The Composition and Functions of Groups
9.2: Individual Behavior in a Group Setting
9.2: Individual Behavior in a Group Setting
Social Facilitation: When the Presence of Others Energizes Us
Social Loafing: When the Presence of Others Relaxes Us
Gender and Cultural Differences in Social Loafing: Who Slacks Off the Most?
Deindividuation: Getting Lost in the Crowd
9.3: Group Decisions: Are Two (or More) Heads Better Than One?
9.3: Group Decisions: Are Two (or More) Heads Better Than One?
Process Loss: When Group Interactions Inhibit Good Problem Solving
Group Polarization: Going to Extremes
Leadership in Groups
9.4: Conflict and Cooperation
9.4: Conflict and Cooperation
Social Dilemmas
Using Threats to Resolve Conflict
Negotiation and Bargaining
Summary and Key Terms: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
Summary and Key Terms: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
10: Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy
Introduction: Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy
10.1: What Predicts Attraction?
10.1: What Predicts Attraction?
The Person Next Door: The Propinquity Effect
Similarity
Reciprocal Liking
Physical Attractiveness
Evolution and Mate Selection
10.2: Making Connections in the Modern World
10.2: Making Connections in the Modern World
Attraction 2.0: Mate Preference in an Online Era
The Promise and Pitfalls of Meeting People Online
“Hook-Up Culture” and Today’s Youth
10.3: Love and Close Relationships
10.3: Love and Close Relationships
Defining Love: Companionship and Passion
Culture and Love
Attachment Styles in Intimate Relationships
Your Body and Brain in Love
10.4: Assessing Relationships: Satisfaction and Breaking Up
10.4: Assessing Relationships: Satisfaction and Breaking Up
Theories of Relationship Satisfaction
The Process and Experience of Breaking Up
Summary and Key Terms: Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy
Summary and Key Terms: Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy
11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
Introduction: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
11.1: Basic Motives Underlying Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
11.1: Basic Motives Underlying Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
Evolutionary Psychology: Instincts and Genes
Social Exchange: The Costs and Rewards of Helping
Empathy and Altruism: The Pure Motive for Helping
11.2: Personal Qualities and Prosocial Behavior: Why Do Some People Help More Than Others?
11.2: Personal Qualities and Prosocial Behavior: Why Do Some People Help More Than Others?
Individual Differences: The Altruistic Personality
Gender Differences in Prosocial Behavior
Cultural Differences in Prosocial Behavior
Religion and Prosocial Behavior
The Effects of Mood on Prosocial Behavior
11.3: Situational Determinants of Prosocial Behavior: When Will People Help?
11.3: Situational Determinants of Prosocial Behavior: When Will People Help?
Environment: Rural Versus Urban
Residential Mobility
The Number of Bystanders: The Bystander Effect
Diffusion of Responsibility Online
Effects of the Media: Video Games and Music Lyrics
11.4: How Can Helping Be Increased?
11.4: How Can Helping Be Increased?
Increasing the Likelihood That Bystanders Will Intervene
Increasing Volunteerism
Summary and Key Terms: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
Summary and Key Terms: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help?
12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People? Can We Prevent It?
Introduction: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People? Can We Prevent It?
12.1: Is Aggression Innate, Learned, or Optional?
12.1: Is Aggression Innate, Learned, or Optional?
The Evolutionary View
Culture and Aggression
Gender and Aggression
Learning to Behave Aggressively
Some Physiological Influences
12.2: Social Situations and Aggression
12.2: Social Situations and Aggression
Frustration and Aggression
Provocation and Reciprocation
Weapons as Aggressive Cues
Putting the Elements Together: The Case of Institutional Violence
12.3: Violence and the Media
12.3: Violence and the Media
Studying the Effects of Media Violence
The Problem of Determining Cause and Effect
12.4: How to Decrease Aggression
12.4: How to Decrease Aggression
Does Punishing Aggression Reduce Aggression?
Can We Release Anger by Indulging It?
What Are We Supposed to Do with Our Anger?
Disrupting the Rejection-Rage Cycle
Summary and Key Terms: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People? Can We Prevent It?
Summary and Key Terms: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People? Can We Prevent It?
13: Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures
Introduction: Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures
13.1: Defining Prejudice
13.1: Defining Prejudice
The Cognitive Component: Stereotypes
The Affective Component: Emotions
The Behavioral Component: Discrimination
13.2: Detecting Hidden Prejudices
13.2: Detecting Hidden Prejudices
Ways of Identifying Automatic Prejudices
Ways of Identifying Implicit Prejudices
13.3: The Effects of Prejudice on the Victim
13.3: The Effects of Prejudice on the Victim
The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Social Identity Threat
13.4: Causes of Prejudice
13.4: Causes of Prejudice
Pressures to Conform: Normative Rules
Social Identity Theory: Us Versus Them
Realistic Conflict Theory
13.5: Reducing Prejudice
13.5: Reducing Prejudice
The Contact Hypothesis
Cooperation and Interdependence: The Jigsaw Classroom
Summary and Key Terms: Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures
Summary and Key Terms: Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures
SPA1: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future
Introduction: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future
SPA1.1: Applied Research in Social Psychology
SPA1.1: Applied Research in Social Psychology
Capitalizing on the Experimental Method
Social Psychology to the Rescue
SPA1.2: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable Future
SPA1.2: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable Future
Conveying and Changing Social Norms
Keeping Track of Consumption
Introducing a Little Competitiveness
Inducing Hypocrisy
Removing Small Barriers to Achieve Big Changes
SPA1.3: Happiness and a Sustainable Lifestyle
SPA1.3: Happiness and a Sustainable Lifestyle
What Makes People Happy?
Do People Know What Makes Them Happy?
Summary and Key Terms: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future
Summary and Key Terms: Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future
SPA2: Social Psychology and Health
Introduction: Social Psychology and Health
SPA2.1: Stress and Human Health
SPA2.1: Stress and Human Health
Resilience
Effects of Negative Life Events
Perceived Stress and Health
Feeling in Charge: The Importance of Perceived Control
SPA2.2: Coping with Stress
SPA2.2: Coping with Stress
Gender Differences in Coping with Stress
Social Support: Getting Help from Others
Reframing: Finding Meaning in Traumatic Events
SPA2.3: Prevention: Promoting Healthier Behavior
SPA2.3: Prevention: Promoting Healthier Behavior
Summary and Key Terms: Social Psychology and Health
Summary and Key Terms: Social Psychology and Health
SPA3: Social Psychology and the Law
Introduction: Social Psychology and the Law
SPA3.1: Eyewitness Testimony
SPA3.1: Eyewitness Testimony
Why Are Eyewitnesses Often Wrong?
Judging Whether Eyewitnesses Are Mistaken
The Recovered Memory Debate
SPA3.2: Juries: Group Processes in Action
SPA3.2: Juries: Group Processes in Action
How Jurors Process Information during the Trial
Confessions: Are They Always What They Seem?
Deliberations in the Jury Room
Summary and Key Terms: Social Psychology and the Law
Summary and Key Terms: Social Psychology and the Law
References
References
References
Footnotes
Glossary