Sabiston Textbook of Surgery

Höfundur: Douglas S. Tyler (Útgáfa: 22)
Sabiston Textbook of Surgery

Kaup valmöguleikar

For generations of trainees and surgeons at all levels of experience, Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice has been the go-to text for definitive guidance on every aspect of general surgery. As the oldest continuously published textbook of surgery in North America, the fully revised 22nd Edition continues to provide the key information, essential teaching pearls, and updated content needed to make the most informed surgical decisions and achieve optimal outcomes for patients.

Concisely written and evidence-based throughout, it covers the breadth of material required for certification and practice of general surgery, highlighted by detailed, full-color intraoperative illustrations and high-quality video clips. Provides detailed, practical answers and quickly accessible clinical content for surgeons at all levels, across all subspecialties—offering a one-stop, complete reference throughout a surgeon’s career, including information needed for residency and board certification.

Contains new chapters on minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic techniques, simulation, and AI, as well as expanded discussions of robotic and minimally invasive approaches to surgical procedures. Follows a clear, consistent progression beginning with principles common to surgical specialties including fluid and electrolyte management, metabolic support, and wound healing; subsequent sections review the management of injury, transplantation, oncology, breast, endocrine, and abdominal procedures.

Presents the underlying science and its clinical application to make informed surgical decisions and achieve optimal outcomes. Covers topics encountered by general surgery residents in training as well as in-depth coverage of subspecialty areas including head and neck, thoracic, vascular, urology, neurosurgery, pediatrics, and gynecology. Provides access to more than two dozen high-quality surgical procedure and technique videos (many are new!), new podcast-style audio resources, more than 2,000 superb images, and hundreds of quick-reference tables, boxes, and algorithms.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Elsevier Limited (UK)
ISBN
9780443124358
Print ISBN
9780443124341
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
22
Höfundar
Douglas S. Tyler
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2025-09-05
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
10

Kaflar

  • Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice
  • Cover image
  • Title page
  • Table of Contents
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Foreword
  • Acknowledgments
  • Video contents
  • Expert insights: The Sabiston podcast
  • List of Illustrations
  • List of Tables
  • Section I. Surgical Training and Quality Control
  • 1.  Surgical education: Past, present, and future
  • Historical evolution of surgical education
  • The modern era of surgical education
  • Assessment and evaluation in surgical education
  • Modern challenges and innovations in surgical education
  • Ethical considerations in surgical education
  • Surgical education across specialties
  • The impact of COVID-19 on surgical education
  • Technologic advancements and the future of surgical education
  • Continuous professional development and lifelong learning
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 2.  Surgical simulation and new ways to optimize performance
  • Introduction
  • Effective uses of simulation for training
  • National simulation-based curricula
  • Simulation-based assessment
  • Proficiency-based training and learning transfer
  • New ways to optimize performance
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 3.  Certification of surgeon competence
  • American board of surgery mission statement
  • Introduction/background/history
  • Opportunities for improvement in assessment
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 4.  Preoperative risk assessment and alterations in the COVID-19 era
  • Introduction
  • Risk factors
  • Risk evaluation
  • Risk assessment tools
  • New horizons of risk assessment
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 5.  Social determinants of health and their impact on surgical outcomes
  • Access to care
  • Screening
  • Health literacy
  • Health behaviors
  • Trauma and injury prevention
  • Socioeconomic factors
  • Racism and discrimination
  • Interventions to promote equity
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 6.  Critical assessment of surgical outcomes and health services research
  • Evidence-based approach to surgery
  • Appraising surgical evidence
  • Interpreting and applying evidence to surgical practice
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 7.  Surgical quality improvement programs
  • Background
  • Surgical quality measurement
  • Data sources and collection
  • Challenges in surgical quality measurement and reporting
  • Mechanisms for improving surgical quality
  • Programs to measure and report surgical quality
  • Quality improvement teams
  • Current methods of quality improvement
  • Future directions
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 8.  Patient-reported outcomes
  • Introduction
  • Development of patient-reported outcomes instrument
  • Use of patient-reported outcomes in research trials
  • Use of patient-reported outcomes in clinical settings
  • Limitations of patient-reported outcomes
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 9.  Safety in the surgical environment
  • Introduction
  • Establishing an environment that promotes safety
  • What major specific safety concerns exist in an intraoperative context?
  • Perioperative events that rely on safety culture for identification and management
  • What structures can support safety culture?
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 10.  Advances and training considerations in robotic surgery
  • Preface
  • History of robotic surgery
  • Current advances in robotic surgery
  • Culture and perceptions of robot surgery
  • Advances in robotic surgery training
  • Current status of select robotic operations
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 11.  Advances and training considerations in laparoscopic surgery
  • Introduction
  • Fundamentals
  • Advances
  • Training
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 12.  Advances and training considerations in endoscopy and endoscopic surgery
  • Endoscopic training
  • Per oral endoscopic myotomy
  • Endoscopic mucosal resection
  • Endoscopic submucosal dissection
  • Endoscopic management of gastrointestinal tract defects
  • Endoluminal vacuum-assisted closure therapy
  • Endoscopic closure devices
  • Bariatric endoscopy
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 13.  Telehealth in surgery
  • Introduction
  • Health policy, reimbursement, and health equity
  • Remote physiologic monitoring
  • Remote therapeutic monitoring
  • Interprofessional consultation
  • Health equity
  • Lacking and future codes
  • Future of telehealth in surgery
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 14.  Health inequities and disparities in surgery
  • Introduction
  • Historical context and evolution
  • Dimensions and demographics of disparities
  • Underlying causes of disparities in surgery
  • Tackling surgical disparities: A strategic framework
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 15.  Global surgery
  • Surgical need worldwide
  • Surgical workforce
  • Strengthening surgical systems
  • Research and innovation
  • Creating a global surgery program
  • Conclusion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 16.  Ethics and professionalism in surgery
  • Ethical foundations for surgeons
  • Foundations of professionalism in surgery
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 17.  Surgeon health: Ergonomics
  • Introduction
  • Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries among surgeons
  • Consequences of poor ergonomics
  • Strategies to improve surgical ergonomics
  • Additional intraoperative considerations
  • Approach to prevention of injury
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 18.  Surgeon health and well-being
  • Introduction
  • Reciprocal domains of physician well-being
  • Shifting of priorities and major life stressors
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section II. Perioperative Management
  • 19.  Principles of preoperative and operative surgery
  • Principles of surgical evaluation
  • Assessment of geriatric surgical patients
  • Systems approach to preoperative evaluation
  • Preoperative considerations and care protocols
  • Operating room
  • Surgical devices, energy sources, and staplers
  • Potential causes of intraoperative instability
  • Outpatient surgery
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 20.  Anesthesiology principles, pain management, and sedation
  • Introduction of anesthesiology principles
  • Pharmacologic principles
  • Anesthesia machine
  • Patient monitoring during and after anesthesia
  • Anesthesiology perspectives on preoperative evaluation
  • Airway management
  • General anesthesia
  • Regional anesthesia
  • Conscious sedation
  • Postanesthesia care
  • Acute pain management
  • Specific types of acute pain patients
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 21.  Optimizing surgical outcomes: Prehabilitation and rehabilitation
  • Background
  • Prehabilitation
  • Prehabilitation components
  • At-risk populations
  • Frail patients/decreased physical reserve
  • Surgical oncology patients
  • Substance use patients
  • Implementation considerations
  • Rehabilitation
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 22.  Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS): Evidence-based perioperative pathways to optimize outcomes
  • Introduction
  • Enhanced recovery after surgery® society guidelines
  • Enhanced recovery after surgery components
  • Enhanced recovery after surgery implementation program
  • Enhanced recovery after surgery outcomes
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 23.  Wound healing
  • Tissue injury and response
  • Wound-healing phases
  • Abnormal wound healing
  • Summary
  • Wound dressings
  • Other therapies
  • Fetal wound healing
  • Tissue engineering
  • Gene and stem cell therapy
  • New horizons
  • Acknowledgment
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 24.  The evolving role of the microbiome in surgical practice
  • Introduction
  • Evaluating the role of the microbiome in health and disease: Sequencing, ordination plots, cluster analyses, metabolomics, and beyond
  • The hologenome and whole organismal biology
  • The gut microbiome–immune axis and recovery from surgery
  • What is a recovery-directed immune response?
  • Elite survivors after a lethal injury: Gut microbiota–derived metabolites driving a “recovery-directed immune response”
  • The microbiome and surgical injury
  • Postoperative infection and the microbiome
  • The microbiome and cancer
  • The life history of the microbiome, its ecologic memory, and the social determinants of health
  • Future studies to determine the role of the microbiome on the occurrence, course, and outcome of surgical disease and related infections
  • Summary and conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 25.  Surgical site infections
  • Introduction
  • Definitions and epidemiology
  • Risk factors and preventive strategies
  • Diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infections
  • Novel explanation of surgical site infection pathogenesis and the microbiome
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 26.  Surgical complications: Overview and grading
  • Introduction
  • Specific surgical complications
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 27.  Surgery in the geriatric patient
  • Introduction
  • Outcomes of surgery in older adults
  • Resilience
  • Frailty and physiologic decline
  • Surgical decision-making
  • Intraoperative and postoperative management
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 28.  Surgery in the pregnant patient
  • Physiologic changes of pregnancy
  • Radiologic concerns
  • Medication concerns
  • Anesthesia concerns
  • Prevention of preterm labor
  • Surgery for diseases in pregnancy
  • Breast masses in pregnancy
  • Hepatobiliary disease
  • Trauma in pregnancy
  • Control of major hemorrhage
  • Pregnancy after major abdominal surgery
  • Benign diseases
  • Malignant disease
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 29.  Surgical considerations in the transgender patient
  • Introduction
  • World professional association for transgender health standards and insurance coverage
  • Hormone therapy: Wound healing, hypercoagulability risk, and erythrocytosis
  • Estrogen
  • Testosterone
  • Facial surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Upper third
  • Lower third
  • Vocal cords
  • Chest reconstruction: Masculinization
  • Differences from gynecomastia treatment
  • Differences from mastectomy for cancer prophylaxis or treatment
  • Techniques for chest contouring in trans men (Fig. 29.2)
  • Anatomic considerations
  • Breast imaging and screening guidelines
  • Implant types
  • Techniques for chest augmentation in trans women
  • Bottom surgery
  • Radial forearm free flap
  • Preoperative considerations
  • Penile inversion vaginoplasty
  • Minimal-depth vaginoplasty
  • Peritoneal vaginoplasty
  • Postoperative care
  • Complications
  • General surgery considerations for the postoperative gender surgery patient
  • Urinary tract infection in phalloplasty patients
  • Cancer surveillance
  • Intubation post–vocal cord surgery
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 30.  Surgical palliative care
  • Background
  • Basics of symptom management
  • Communication
  • Specialist palliative care
  • Evidence for surgical palliative care
  • Looking to the future of surgical palliative care
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 31.  Advanced analytics and artificial intelligence applications in surgery
  • Introduction
  • Overview of artificial intelligence
  • Artificial intelligence–enabled perioperative risk prediction
  • Computer vision
  • Performance analysis and surgical education
  • Virtual reality, augmented reality, and simulation
  • Large language models
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section III. Trauma and Critical Care
  • 32.  The inflammatory response
  • Introduction
  • Inflammatory response mechanisms
  • Stress response and inflammation
  • Inflammation and the critically ill
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 33.  Shock, electrolytes, and fluid
  • Introduction
  • History
  • Physiology of shock
  • Problems with resuscitation
  • Evolution of modern resuscitation
  • Current status of fluid types
  • Future resuscitation research
  • Perioperative fluid management
  • Electrolytes
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 34.  Metabolism and nutrition in surgical patients
  • Introduction
  • Metabolism
  • The metabolic response to surgical stress and critical illness
  • Surgical nutrition
  • Special considerations for specific surgical procedures
  • Long-term nutritional care for surgical patients
  • Future directions and research
  • Conclusions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 35.  Primary soft tissue infections
  • Introduction
  • Nonnecrotizing soft tissue infections
  • Necrotizing soft tissue infections
  • Other types of skin and soft tissue infections
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 36.  Management of acute trauma
  • Overview, magnitude of disease burden, history
  • Trauma centers and systems
  • Injury scoring
  • Prehospital trauma care
  • Initial assessment and management at healthcare facility
  • Secondary survey
  • Management of specific injuries
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 37.  The difficult abdominal wall
  • Major etiologies of the difficult abdominal wall
  • Temporary abdominal closure
  • Management of the open abdomen and assessing readiness for abdominal closure
  • Definitive closure of the abdominal wall
  • Complications of abdominal closure
  • Delayed abdominal wall reconstruction
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 38.  Management of vascular trauma
  • Epidemiology
  • Diagnosis
  • Principles of open management
  • Principles of endovascular management
  • Principles of damage control
  • Management of specific injuries
  • Complications
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 39.  Management of urologic trauma
  • Background on urologic trauma
  • Guidelines for urologic trauma management
  • Renal trauma
  • Ureteral trauma
  • Bladder trauma
  • Urethral trauma
  • Genital trauma
  • Damage control situations
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 40.  Emergency care of musculoskeletal injuries
  • Epidemiology of orthopedic injuries
  • Fracture biomechanics
  • Terminology
  • Fracture stabilization and fixation
  • Patient evaluation
  • Time-dependent orthopedic injuries
  • Acute compartment syndrome
  • Pelvic ring injuries
  • Dislocations
  • Vascular and musculoskeletal injuries
  • Common long bone fractures
  • Challenges and complications
  • Postoperative mobilization
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 41.  Emergency care of neurologic injuries
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Peripheral nerve injuries
  • Spine emergencies
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 42.  Management of pediatric trauma
  • Introduction
  • Resuscitation
  • Specific injuries
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 43.  Burns
  • Introduction
  • General considerations
  • Pathophysiology of burns
  • Systemic changes
  • Initial treatment of burns
  • Minimizing complications
  • Nutrition
  • Less common burn etiologies
  • Chemical burns
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 44.  The outdoors—venomous bites and stings and environmental exposure
  • Snakebites
  • Venomous lizards
  • Insect bites and stings
  • Environmental exposure
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 45.  Management of chronic wounds
  • Tissue injury and response
  • Wound-healing
  • Abnormal wound healing
  • Hypertrophic scars and keloids
  • Chronic nonhealing wounds
  • Special considerations in ulcer management
  • New horizons
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 46.  Surgical critical care
  • Introduction
  • Neurologic system
  • Cardiovascular system
  • Respiratory system
  • Gastrointestinal system
  • Hepatic system
  • Renal
  • Hematologic system
  • Endocrine system
  • Infectious diseases
  • Palliative care and end of life
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 47.  Moving operating room procedures to the intensive care unit
  • Rationale for bedside surgical procedures
  • Taking the operating room to the bedside
  • Safety practices for bedside surgical procedures
  • Selection of patients for bedside surgical procedures
  • Laparotomy and the open abdomen
  • Tracheostomy
  • Percutaneous endoscopic feeding tubes
  • Bronchoscopy
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 48.  The surgeon’s role in disaster management
  • Introduction
  • History of disaster
  • Mass casualty incidents and mass casualty events
  • The spectrum of care standards during a disaster response
  • Key definitions
  • Have a plan
  • Threat analysis
  • Hospital incident command system
  • Drills and training
  • Surge components
  • System integration (local, state, federal)
  • Response
  • Hospital triage
  • Surge capacity
  • Victim transportation
  • Victim identification
  • Communication
  • Blood bank and massive transfusion
  • Blood-borne pathogens
  • Preserving evidence
  • Security
  • Finance
  • The media
  • Role of the health insurance portability and accountability act
  • Families and friends
  • Community giving and donations
  • Visits from very important persons
  • Staff counseling
  • Returning to normal operations
  • Role of regional medical operations centers in trauma response to disaster
  • A national model for disaster preparedness
  • Postevent processing and improvement
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section IV. Transplantation and Immunology
  • 49.  Transplantation immunobiology and immunosuppression
  • The immune response
  • Transplant immunity
  • Immunosuppression
  • Novel therapies targeting B cells and antibodies
  • Tolerance
  • New areas of transplantation
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 50.  Regenerative medicine and its applications to surgery
  • Introduction
  • A brief history
  • Potential impact of regenerative medicine
  • Cell sources
  • Biomaterials
  • Engineering tissues and organs for clinical use
  • Clinical applications of regenerative medicine technologies
  • Challenges in regenerative medicine
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 51.  Surgical considerations in transplant patients undergoing nontransplant-related procedures and operating in patients with portal hypertension
  • Introduction
  • Operating on transplant patients
  • Operating on patients with portal hypertension
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 52.  Kidney transplantation
  • Indications for kidney transplantation
  • Kidney allocation system
  • Deceased donor kidney evaluation
  • Living kidney donor selection
  • Living donor nephrectomy
  • Postoperative course and complications
  • Deceased donor kidney procurement
  • Back-table preparation of kidney graft
  • Kidney transplant operation
  • Surgical complications and their management
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 53.  Liver transplantation
  • History
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • MELD and allocation
  • Donor selection
  • Preoperative evaluation
  • Surgical considerations
  • Postoperative management
  • Complications and their treatment
  • Immunosuppression
  • Living donor liver transplantation, including donor selection
  • Pediatric liver transplantation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 54.  Pancreas transplantation
  • Introduction
  • Patient selection
  • Donor selection
  • Pancreas procurement
  • Back table
  • Recipient transplant operation
  • Immunosuppression
  • Surgical complications
  • Immunologic complications
  • Outcomes
  • Summary and future perspectives
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 55.  Islet transplantation
  • Introduction
  • Production, quality assessment, and infusion of allogeneic human islets
  • Selection of recipients for islet allotransplantation
  • Outcomes of islet allotransplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus
  • Impact of islet transplantation on chronic diabetes complications and quality of life
  • Adverse effects of islet transplantation and immunosuppression
  • Regulatory status of allogeneic human islet transplantation
  • Research priorities in islet transplantation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 56.  Small bowel transplantation
  • History
  • Indications for intestine transplantation
  • Evaluation
  • Immunosuppression
  • Complications
  • Outcomes
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 57.  Heart transplantation
  • Introduction
  • History of heart transplantation
  • Heart transplant recipient selection and management
  • Donor selection and management
  • Cardiac allograft preservation
  • Surgical technique
  • Organ procurement and transportation network/united network for organ sharing heart allocation system
  • Immunosuppression and cardiac allograft rejection
  • Antimicrobial prophylaxis and opportunistic infection
  • Survival and quality-of-life outcomes
  • Complications and adverse events
  • Pediatric heart transplantation
  • Cardiac retransplantation
  • Combined heart and other organ transplants
  • Cardiac xenotransplantation
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 58.  Lung transplantation
  • Introduction
  • Recipient selection
  • Lung allocation
  • Donor selection
  • Lung preservation
  • Technical aspects of lung transplantation
  • Intraoperative mechanical support
  • Postoperative considerations and immunosuppression
  • Outcomes and postoperative complications
  • Retransplantation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 59.  Soft tissue transplantation
  • Abdominal wall transplantation
  • Hand transplantation
  • Uterus transplantation
  • Penis transplantation
  • Face transplantation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section V. Surgical Oncology
  • 60.  Tumor biology and tumor markers
  • Epidemiology
  • Tumor biology
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Tumor immunology and immunotherapy
  • Tumor markers
  • Precision oncology and personalized medicine
  • Cancer drug resistance
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 61.  Tumor immunology and immunotherapy
  • Introduction
  • Overview of immunobiology of cancer
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Antibody-based therapies
  • Conclusion
  • Financial disclosures
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 62.  Surgical considerations in cancer patients
  • Introduction
  • Considerations for elective surgery
  • Wound-healing and bleeding considerations for targeted therapies
  • Considerations for urgent/emergent surgery
  • Palliative surgical procedures
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 63.  Melanoma and cutaneous malignancies
  • Melanoma
  • Staging
  • Treatment
  • Treatment of metastatic disease
  • Special situations and noncutaneous melanoma
  • Nonmelanoma skin cancers
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 64.  Sarcomas of the soft tissues, retroperitoneum, and bone
  • Soft tissue and retroperitoneal sarcoma
  • Risk factors
  • Staging
  • Trunk and extremity sarcoma
  • Retroperitoneal and visceral sarcoma
  • Common subtypes
  • Bone sarcoma: Epidemiology core concepts
  • Biopsy
  • Staging
  • Oncologic resection
  • Skeletal reconstruction
  • Skeletal sarcomas
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 65.  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors
  • Overview
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology
  • Clinical evaluation
  • Pathology
  • Treatment
  • Estimating risk of recurrence
  • Treatment efficacy
  • Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors
  • Treatment for tumors poorly responsive to traditional tyrosine kinase inhibitors
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 66.  Benign diseases of head and neck
  • Normal anatomy and histology
  • Congenital
  • Neoplasm
  • Postoperative otorhinolaryngologic considerations
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 67.  Head and neck cancer
  • Introduction
  • Pathology
  • Epidemiology
  • Workup and treatment: Overview
  • Pathophysiology and epidemiology
  • Presentation
  • Diagnosis and workup
  • Staging
  • Treatment
  • Oropharyngeal cancer
  • Laryngeal cancers
  • Hypopharyngeal cancers
  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  • Nasal/paranasal sinus cancers
  • Salivary gland cancers
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 68.  Diseases of the breast
  • Breast anatomy, development, and physiology
  • Clinical approach to the breast patient
  • Breast imaging and diagnostic biopsy
  • Identification and care of high-risk patients
  • Benign breast tumors and related diseases
  • Epidemiology of breast cancer
  • Pathology of breast cancer
  • Staging of breast cancer and treatment planning
  • Surgical treatment of breast cancer
  • Treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ
  • Radiation therapy for breast cancer
  • Systemic therapy for breast cancer
  • Treatment of special conditions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 69.  Plastic surgical considerations in cancer surgery
  • Goals of reconstruction
  • Unique reconstructive considerations by anatomic area
  • Outcome assessments in plastic surgery
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 70.  Peritoneal malignancy and HIPEC
  • History
  • Peritoneum
  • Preoperative considerations
  • Technical aspects
  • Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
  • Future directions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 71.  Surgeon’s approach to lymphadenopathy
  • Introduction
  • Diagnostic considerations
  • Physical examination
  • Differential diagnosis and pathologic evaluation of lymphadenopathy
  • Imaging for lymphadenopathy
  • Lymph node biopsy
  • Metastases from tumor of unknown primary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 72.  The spleen
  • Splenic anatomy
  • Splenic function
  • Splenectomy
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section VI. Endocrine Disorders
  • 73.  The thyroid
  • Thyroid embryology and anatomy
  • Thyroid histology and physiology
  • Thyroid biomarkers
  • Thyroid imaging
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Nontoxic goiter
  • Thyroid nodule
  • Thyroid cancer
  • History of thyroid surgery
  • Thyroidectomy
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 74.  Parathyroid
  • History of parathyroid surgery
  • Embryology
  • Histopathology
  • Physiology
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism
  • Secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Parathyroid carcinoma
  • Hereditary hyperparathyroidism
  • Surgical technique
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 75.  The adrenal glands
  • History
  • Anatomy and embryology
  • Normal histopathology
  • Biochemistry and physiology
  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Diseases of the adrenal cortex
  • Diseases of the adrenal medulla
  • Other adrenal diseases
  • Technical aspects of adrenalectomy
  • Acknowledgment
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 76.  Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  • Introduction
  • Epidemiology
  • Grade and stage
  • Molecular features
  • Clinical features
  • Diagnosis
  • Surgical management
  • Medical therapy for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  • Outcomes
  • Surveillance and follow-up
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 77.  Neuroendocrine neoplasms (carcinoid tumors)
  • Introduction
  • Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  • Bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors
  • Thymic neuroendocrine tumors
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and neuroendocrine tumors
  • Metastatic neuroendocrine disease
  • Carcinoid syndrome
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 78.  The multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
  • Clinical presentation and management
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section VII. Abdominal Wall Hernias
  • 79.  Preoperative management of the hernia patient
  • Introduction
  • Surgical risk assessment
  • Physical activities and prehabilitation programs
  • Body mass index and weight management
  • Nutritional supplementation
  • Management of diabetes mellitus
  • Management of smoking
  • Outcomes
  • Immunosuppression
  • Preoperative adjuncts for ventral hernia repair
  • Prehospital scrub
  • Recommendations
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 80.  Ventral hernias
  • Introduction and anatomy
  • Management of ventral hernias
  • Selection of operative technique
  • Complications
  • Special considerations
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 81.  Hernias of the abdominal wall: Atypical locations
  • Introduction
  • Modern technical advances
  • Spigelian hernias
  • Obturator hernias
  • Perineal hernias
  • Interparietal hernias
  • Sciatic hernias
  • Paramedian hernias
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 82.  Inguinal hernias
  • Introduction
  • Pertinent anatomy
  • Management of inguinal hernias
  • Common postoperative complications
  • Special considerations
  • Inguinodynia (groin pain) as a chief complaint
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section VIII. Alimentary Tract
  • 83.  Benign esophageal disorders
  • Esophageal physiology
  • Esophageal function tests
  • Primary esophageal motility disorders
  • Esophageal diverticula
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease
  • Hiatal and paraesophageal hernias
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 84.  Esophageal cancer
  • Epidemiology
  • Risk factors
  • Pathology
  • Clinical presentation
  • Diagnosis and evaluation
  • Staging and prognosis
  • Biomarkers
  • Treatment
  • Summary and conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 85.  The acute abdomen
  • Differential diagnosis
  • Evaluation
  • Diagnostic studies and imaging
  • Preparation for emergency operation
  • Preoperative counseling
  • Nonoperative management
  • Special patient populations
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 86.  Stomach
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • Gastric motility
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Stress gastritis
  • Postgastrectomy syndromes
  • Other gastric lesions
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 87.  Gastric cancer
  • Gastric adenocarcinoma
  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
  • Gastric lymphoma
  • Gastric neuroendocrine tumors
  • Heterotopic pancreas
  • Hypertrophic gastritis (Ménétrier disease)
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 88.  Biliary system
  • Anatomy and physiology
  • Diagnostic modalities
  • Benign biliary disease
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 89.  The liver
  • Historical perspective
  • Anatomy and physiology
  • Portal hypertension
  • Infectious diseases
  • Neoplasms
  • Hemobilia
  • Bilhemia
  • Viral hepatitis and the surgeon
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 90.  Secondary tumors of the liver
  • Pathogenesis of liver metastases
  • Clinical presentation and diagnosis
  • Perioperative considerations
  • Colorectal liver metastases
  • Neuroendocrine liver metastases
  • Noncolorectal nonneuroendocrine liver metastases
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 91.  Small intestine
  • Embryology
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • Motility
  • Endocrine function
  • Immune function
  • Obstruction
  • Inflammatory and infectious diseases
  • Neoplasms
  • Diverticular disease
  • Miscellaneous problems
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 92.  Exocrine pancreas
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Chronic pancreatitis
  • Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 93.  Pancreatic cancer
  • Introduction
  • Epidemiology
  • Pathogenesis
  • Clinical management
  • Treatment
  • Surgical management
  • Postoperative care
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 94.  The appendix
  • Anatomy and embryology
  • Overview of appendicitis
  • Treatment of appendicitis
  • Appendicitis in special populations
  • Neoplasms of the appendix
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 95.  Colon and rectum
  • Embryology of the colon and rectum
  • Anatomy of the colon, rectum, and pelvic floor
  • Physiology of the colon
  • Preoperative evaluation
  • Enhanced recovery protocols
  • Diverticular disease
  • Large bowel obstruction
  • Colonic pseudoobstruction
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Infectious colitis
  • Other colonic infections
  • Ischemic colitis
  • Pelvic floor disorders and constipation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 96.  Cancers of the colon, rectum, and anus
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Colon cancer
  • Rectal cancer
  • Anal cancer
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 97.  Benign anorectal disorders
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • History
  • Physical examination
  • Imaging
  • Common benign disorders of the anus
  • Functional bowel and pelvic floor disorders
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 98.  Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage
  • Introduction
  • Diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Outcomes in gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 99.  Morbid obesity
  • Obesity: The magnitude of the problem
  • Pathophysiology and associated medical problems
  • Medical versus surgical therapy
  • Bariatric surgery mechanism of action
  • Preoperative evaluation and selection
  • Operative procedures
  • Postoperative care and follow-up
  • Bariatric surgery results
  • Complications of bariatric surgery
  • Reoperative surgery
  • Endoscopic procedures in bariatric surgery
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section IX. Vascular Surgery
  • 100.  Hemostasis and thrombosis
  • Overview of hemostasis
  • Disorders of hemostasis
  • The hypercoagulable state
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 101.  Contemporary management of carotid disease
  • Introduction
  • Pathophysiology
  • Clinical presentation
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Long-term follow-up and complications
  • Follow-up
  • Restenosis
  • Nonatherosclerotic carotid disease
  • Fibromuscular dysplasia
  • Carotid dissection
  • Carotid aneurysm
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 102.  Aortic disease
  • Dissection/intramural hematoma
  • Aortic aneurysm
  • Occlusive disease of the aorta
  • Congenital aortopathy
  • Aortic trauma
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 103.  Peripheral occlusive disease
  • Introduction
  • Pathophysiology of atherosclerotic disease
  • Anatomic patterns of atherosclerotic disease
  • Epidemiology and risk factors
  • Clinical presentation of peripheral artery disease
  • Diagnostic modalities in peripheral artery disease
  • Noninterventional management of peripheral arterial disease
  • Interventional management of peripheral arterial disease
  • Treatment of asymptomatic disease and intermittent claudication
  • Treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia
  • Selection of revascularization strategy
  • Open surgical revascularization
  • Endovascular techniques
  • Post-revascularization surveillance
  • Assessment of outcomes
  • Acute limb ischemia
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 104.  Extremity amputations in the modern era: Indications, technique, and outcomes
  • Introduction
  • Indications and perioperative evaluation
  • Technical considerations
  • Common complications
  • Rehabilitation and functionality
  • Future direction
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 105.  Peripheral aneurysmal disease
  • Introduction
  • Visceral artery aneurysms
  • Upper extremity aneurysms
  • Arm, forearm, and hand aneurysms
  • Lower extremity aneurysms
  • Mycotic aneurysms
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 106.  Visceral ischemic syndromes: Acute and chronic mesenteric ischemia
  • Acute mesenteric ischemia
  • Mesenteric artery dissection
  • Chronic mesenteric ischemia
  • Mesenteric venous thrombosis
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 107.  Dialysis access
  • Background
  • Patient selection for hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialysis
  • Life-plan
  • Hemodialysis access selection
  • Arteriovenous fistula creation
  • Arteriovenous graft creation
  • Challenging situations
  • Access for peritoneal dialysis
  • Postoperative monitoring and maturation of arteriovenous access
  • Long-term arteriovenous access complications
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 108.  Venous disease
  • Anatomy
  • Venous insufficiency
  • Deep venous thrombosis
  • Superficial venous thrombophlebitis
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 109.  The lymphatics
  • Embryology and anatomy
  • Function and structure
  • Pathophysiology and staging
  • Differential diagnosis
  • Classification
  • Diagnostic tests
  • Therapy
  • Chylothorax
  • Chyloperitoneum
  • Tumors of the lymphatics
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section X. Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • 110.  Lung, chest wall, pleura, and mediastinum
  • Anatomy
  • Selection of patients for thoracic operations
  • Lung development
  • Congenital abnormalities of the trachea and bronchi
  • Congenital vascular disorders
  • Lung cancer
  • Trachea
  • Pulmonary infections
  • Massive hemoptysis
  • Emphysema and diffuse lung disease
  • Pulmonary metastases
  • Miscellaneous lung tumors
  • Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung
  • Chest wall
  • Thoracic outlet syndrome
  • Pleura
  • Mediastinum
  • Primary mediastinal cysts
  • Primary mediastinal neoplasms
  • Acknowledgment
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 111.  Acquired heart disease: Coronary artery disease
  • Introduction
  • Coronary artery anatomy and physiology
  • Classification of acute myocardial infarction (fourth universal definition)
  • Clinical manifestation and diagnosis of coronary artery disease
  • Physical examination in patients with coronary artery disease
  • Diagnostic testing in patients with coronary artery disease and before surgical revascularization
  • History of coronary artery bypass surgery
  • Indications for coronary artery revascularization: Acute coronary syndromes
  • Indications for revascularization: Stable ischemic heart disease
  • Revascularization to reduce ventricular arrhythmias
  • Indications for revascularization in patients undergoing other cardiac surgery
  • Mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction
  • Indications for revascularization in patients with chronic coronary disease
  • Preoperative evaluation for coronary artery bypass grafting
  • Technique of myocardial revascularization: Conventional on-pump cardiopulmonary bypass
  • Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
  • On-pump beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting
  • Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass
  • Robotic totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass
  • Hybrid coronary surgery
  • Completeness of revascularization
  • Technical aspects of reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting
  • Adjuncts to coronary artery bypass grafting
  • Complications of coronary artery bypass surgery
  • Coronary artery bypass grafting and special populations of patients
  • Postoperative management and discharge from the intensive care unit
  • Cardiac rehabilitation and risk factor modification after coronary artery bypass grafting
  • Guideline-directed medical therapy after coronary revascularization
  • Psychological care after coronary revascularization
  • Disparities in the surgical treatment of coronary artery disease
  • Importance of performance measures and database participation in coronary revascularization
  • Acknowledgment
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 112.  Acquired heart disease: Valvular
  • History of heart valve surgery
  • Valve anatomy
  • Etiology and pathology of valvular heart disease
  • General operative approach
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 113.  Congenital heart disease
  • History and other considerations
  • Pathways for practicing congenital heart surgery
  • Anatomy, terminology, and diagnosis
  • Perioperative care
  • Lesion overview
  • Single ventricle
  • Miscellaneous anomalies
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 114.  Pulmonary embolism: Acute and chronic
  • Acute pulmonary embolism
  • Chronic pulmonary embolism and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 115.  Percutaneous heart procedures
  • Introduction
  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement
  • Transcatheter mitral valve repair and replacement
  • Percutaneous tricuspid intervention
  • Atrial fibrillation ablation
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 116.  Advances in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Techniques, applications, and management
  • Introduction and brief history
  • Respiratory failure
  • Cardiac failure
  • Special circumstances and ECMO
  • ECMO complications
  • Multidisciplinary approach
  • Challenges: Futility
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Section XI. Specialties in Surgery: Subspecialty Considerations Relevant for the General Surgeon
  • 117.  Pediatric surgery
  • Neonatal physiology
  • Fluids, electrolytes, and nutrition
  • Head and neck lesions
  • Diaphragmatic conditions
  • Bronchopulmonary malformations
  • Alimentary tract conditions
  • Hepatopancreaticobiliary conditions
  • Abdominal wall conditions
  • Chest wall deformity
  • Genitourinary tract conditions
  • Pediatric solid tumors
  • Pediatric critical care: Extracorporeal life support
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 118.  Maternal-fetal surgery
  • Introduction
  • History of maternal-fetal surgery
  • Maternal-fetal surgery by anomaly
  • Novel therapies and future directions in fetal medicine and surgery
  • Ethics in maternal-fetal surgery
  • Conclusion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 119.  Hand surgery
  • Basic anatomy
  • Examination and diagnosis
  • Principles of treatment
  • Trauma
  • Infections
  • Deep infections
  • Compartment syndrome, high-pressure injection injuries, and extravasation injuries
  • Tenosynovitis
  • Nerve compression syndromes
  • Tumors
  • Congenital anomalies
  • Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
  • Contractures
  • Future directions in hand surgery
  • Conclusion
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 120.  Gynecologic surgery
  • Female reproductive and pelvic anatomy
  • Common vulva and vaginal surgical diseases and procedures
  • Common cervical surgical diseases and procedures
  • Common uterine surgical diseases and procedures
  • Common fallopian tube/ovarian surgical diseases and procedures
  • Summary
  • Selected references
  • References
  • 121.  Urologic surgery
  • Urologic anatomy for the general surgeon
  • Endoscopic urologic surgery
  • Minimally invasive abdominal and pelvic surgery
  • Urologic infectious disease
  • Voiding dysfunction, neurogenic bladder, incontinence, and benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • Reconstructive urology
  • Male reproductive medicine and sexual dysfunction
  • Urolithiasis
  • Nontraumatic urologic emergencies
  • Urologic incidentalomas
  • Urologic oncology
  • Selected references
  • References
  • Index