Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, SI Edition

Name: Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, SI Edition
Price: 4990 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: Braja M. Das
ISBN: 9798214352725

Höfundur: Braja M. Das (Útgáfa: 10)

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Gain a solid understanding of soil mechanics and soil properties as Dasâ€™ PRINCIPLES OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING, SI, 10th Edition introduces these topics together with coverage of the latest field practices and basic civil engineering procedures. This book provides the important foundation you need for future design-oriented courses as well as professional practice. Updates address seepage, vertical stress in soil mass, lateral earth pressure and earthquake forces, elastic settlement, shear strength of soil, unit weights of soil and plasticity.

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Útgefandi: Cengage Learning US

ISBN: 9798214352725

Print ISBN: 9780357420485

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 10

Höfundar: Braja M. Das

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 2021-01-22

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Flokkar: Verkfræði

Efnisflokkar: Tækni og verkfræði › Almennt

Kaflar

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Preface to the SI Edition
Preface
Acknowledgments
A Final Note
About the Author
Vignette
Chapter 1. Geotechnical Engineering—A Historical Perspective
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Geotechnical Engineering Prior to the 18th Century
1.3. Preclassical Period of Soil Mechanics (1700–1776)
1.4. Classical Soil Mechanics—Phase I (1776–1856)
1.5. Classical Soil Mechanics—Phase II (1856–1910)
1.6. Modern Soil Mechanics (1910–1927)
1.7. Geotechnical Engineering after 1927
1.8. Geosynthetics and Civil Engineering Construction
1.9. End of an Era
References
Chapter 2. Origin of Soil and Grain Size
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Rock Cycle and the Origin of Soil
Igneous Rock
Weathering
Transportation of Weathering Products
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
2.3. Rock-Forming Minerals, Rock, and Rock Structures
2.4. Soil-Particle Size
2.5. Clay Minerals
2.6. Specific Gravity ( G s )
2.7. Mechanical Analysis of Soil
Sieve Analysis
Hydrometer Analysis
2.8. Particle-Size Distribution Curve
2.9. Particle Shape
2.10. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 3. Weight–Volume Relationships
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Weight–Volume Relationships
3.3. Relationships among Unit Weight, Void Ratio, Moisture Content, and Specific Gravity
3.4. Relationships among Unit Weight, Porosity, and Moisture Content
3.5. Various Unit Weight Relationships
3.6. Relative Density
3.7. Comments on e max and e min
3.8. Correlations between e max , e min , e max - e min , and Median Grain Size ( D 50 )
3.9. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 4. Plasticity and Structure of Soil
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Liquid Limit ( LL )
Percussion Cup Method
Fall Cone Method
General Comments
4.3. Plastic Limit ( PL )
4.4. Plasticity Index
4.5. Plasticity Chart
4.6. Shrinkage Limit ( SL )
4.7. Liquidity Index and Consistency Index
4.8. Activity
4.9. Soil Structure
Structures in Cohesionless Soil
Structures in Cohesive Soils
4.10. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 5. Engineering Classification of Soil
5.1. Introduction
5.2. AASHTO Classification System
5.3. Unified Soil Classification System
5.4. Comparison between the AASHTO and Unified Systems
5.5. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 6. Soil Compaction
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Compaction—General Principles
6.3. Standard Proctor Test
6.4. Factors Affecting Compaction
Effect of Soil Type
Effect of Compaction Effort
6.5. Modified Proctor Test
6.6. Empirical Relationships
6.7. Structure of Compacted Clay Soil
6.8. Effect of Compaction on Cohesive Soil Properties
6.9. Field Compaction
Compaction Equipment
Field Compaction and Factors Affecting Field Compaction
6.10. Specifications for Field Compaction
6.11. Determination of Field Unit Weight of Compaction
Sand Cone Method (ASTM Designation D-1556)
Rubber Balloon Method (ASTM Designation D-2167)
Nuclear Method
6.12. Evaluation of Soils as Compaction Material
6.13. Compaction of Organic Soil and Waste Materials
Organic Soil
Soil and Organic Material Mixtures
Paper Mill Sludge
6.14. Special Compaction Techniques
Vibroflotation
Dynamic Compaction
Blasting
6.15. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 7. Permeability
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Bernoulli’s Equation
7.3. Darcy’s Law
7.4. Hydraulic Conductivity
7.5. Laboratory Determination of Hydraulic Conductivity
Constant-Head Test
Falling-Head Test
7.6. Relationships for Hydraulic Conductivity—Granular Soil
7.7. Relationships for Hydraulic Conductivity—Cohesive Soils
7.8. Directional Variation of Permeability
7.9. Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity in Stratified Soil
7.10. Experimental Verification of Equivalent Hydraulic Conductivity
7.11. Permeability Test in the Field by Pumping from Wells
Pumping from a Confined Aquifer
7.12. Hydraulic Conductivity of Compacted Clayey Soils
7.13. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 8. Seepage
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Laplace’s Equation of Continuity
8.3. Continuity Equation for Solution of Simple Flow Problems
8.4. Flow Nets
8.5. Seepage Calculation from a Flow Net
8.6. Flow Nets in Anisotropic Soil
8.7. Mathematical Solution for Seepage
8.8. Uplift Pressure under Hydraulic Structures
8.9. Seepage through an Earth Dam on an Impervious Base
8.10. L. Casagrande’s Solution for Seepage through an Earth Dam
8.11. Pavlovsky’s Solution for Seepage through an Earth Dam
Zone I (Area agOf )
Zone II (Area Ogbd )
Zone III (Area bcd )
8.12. Plotting of Phreatic Line for Seepage through an Earth Dam
8.13. Filter Design
8.14. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 9. In Situ Stresses
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Stresses in Saturated Soil without Seepage
9.3. Stresses in Saturated Soil with Upward Seepage
9.4. Stresses in Saturated Soil with Downward Seepage
9.5. Seepage Force
9.6. Heaving in Soil Due to Flow around Sheet Piles
9.7. Use of Filters to Increase the Factor of Safety against Heave
9.8. Effective Stress in Partially Saturated Soil
9.9. Capillary Rise in Soils
9.10. Effective Stress in the Zone of Capillary Rise
9.11. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 10. Stresses in a Soil Mass
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Normal and Shear Stresses on a Plane
10.3. The Pole Method of Finding Stresses along a Plane
10.4. Stresses Caused by a Vertical Point Load
10.5. Stresses Caused by a Horizontal Point Load
10.6. Vertical Stress Caused by a Vertical Line Load
10.7. Vertical Stress Caused by a Horizontal Line Load
10.8. Vertical Stress Caused by a Vertical Strip Load (Finite Width and Infinite Length)
10.9. Vertical Stress Caused by a Horizontal Strip Load
10.10. Linearly Increasing Vertical Loading on an Infinite Strip
10.11. Symmetrical Vertical Triangular Strip Load on the Surface
10.12. Vertical Stress Due to Embankment Loading
10.13. Vertical Stress below the Center of a Uniformly Loaded Circular Area
10.14. Vertical Stress at Any Point below a Uniformly Loaded Circular Area
10.15. Vertical Stress Increase below a Flexible Circular Area—Parabolic and Conical Loading
10.16. Vertical Stress Caused by a Rectangularly Loaded Area
10.17. Influence Chart for Vertical Pressure
10.18. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 11. Compressibility of Soil—Elastic Settlement
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Contact Pressure and Settlement Profile
11.3. Relations for Elastic Settlement Calculation
11.4. Improved Relationship for Elastic Settlement
11.5. Settlement of Foundation on Saturated Clay
11.6. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 12. Consolidation
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Fundamentals of Consolidation
12.3. One-Dimensional Laboratory Consolidation Test
12.4. Void Ratio–Pressure Plots
12.5. Normally Consolidated and Overconsolidated Clays
Determination of Preconsolidation Pressure ( σ c ' ) From Consolidation Test Results
Log–Log Method (1989)
Oikawa’s Method (1987)
Determination of σ c ′ From Empirical Relationships
12.6. General Comments on Conventional Consolidation Test
12.7. Effect of Disturbance on Void Ratio–Pressure Relationship
Normally Consolidated Clay of Low to Medium Plasticity (Figure 12.18)
Overconsolidated Clay of Low to Medium Plasticity (Figure 12.19)
12.8. Calculation of Settlement from One-Dimensional Primary Consolidation
12.9. Correlations for Compression Index ( C c )
12.10. Correlations for Swell Index ( C s )
12.11. Secondary Consolidation Settlement
12.12. Time Rate of Consolidation
12.13. Determination of Coefficient of Consolidation
Logarithm-of-Time Method
Square-Root-of-Time Method
Hyperbola Method
Early Stage Log- t Method
12.14. Calculation of Consolidation Settlement under a Foundation
12.15. Methods for Accelerating Consolidation Settlement
12.16. Precompression
Derivation of Equations to Obtain Δ σ ( f ) and t 2
Procedure for Obtaining Precompression Parameters
12.17. A Case History—Settlement Due to a Preload Fill for Construction of Tampa VA Hospital
12.18. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 13. Shear Strength of Soil
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Mohr–Coulomb Failure Criterion
13.3. Inclination of the Plane of Failure Caused by Shear
13.4. Laboratory Test for Determination of Shear Strength Parameters
13.5. Direct Shear Test
13.6. Drained Direct Shear Test on Saturated Sand and Clay
13.7. General Comments on Direct Shear Test
13.8. Triaxial Shear Test—General
13.9. Consolidated-Drained Triaxial Test
13.10. Consolidated-Undrained Triaxial Test
13.11. General Comments on ϕ cv ′ for Granular Soil
13.12. Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Test
13.13. Unconfined Compression Test on Saturated Clay
13.14. Empirical Relationships between Undrained Cohesion ( c u ) and Effective Overburden Pressure ( σ o ′ )
13.15. Sensitivity and Thixotropy of Clay
13.16. Strength Anisotropy in Clay
13.17. Vane Shear Test
General Principles
Effect of Rate of Rotation of Vane on c u
Correction of c u for Design Purposes
13.18. Other Methods for Determining Undrained Shear Strength
13.19. Stress Path
13.20. Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soil
Undrained Shear Strength of Unsaturated Fine-Grained Soil
13.21. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 14. Lateral Earth Pressure: At-Rest, Rankine, and Coulomb
14.1. Introduction
14.2. At-Rest, Active, and Passive Pressures
14.3. At-Rest Lateral Earth Pressure: Earth Pressure At-Rest
14.4. At-Rest Lateral Earth Pressure: Earth Pressure At-Rest for Partially Submerged Soil
14.5. Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure: Rankine’s Theory of Active Pressure
14.6. Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure: Theory of Rankine’s Passive Pressure
14.7. Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure: Yielding of Wall of Limited Height
14.8. Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure: A Generalized Case for Rankine Active and Passive Pressure—Granular Backfill
Rankine Active Case
Rankine Passive Case
14.9. Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure: Diagrams for Lateral Earth-Pressure Distribution against Retaining Walls with Vertical Back
Backfill—Cohesionless Soil with Horizontal Ground Surface
Backfill—Partially Submerged Cohesionless Soil Supporting a Surcharge
Backfill—Cohesive Soil with Horizontal Backfill
Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory
14.10. Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory: Coulomb’s Active Pressure
14.11. Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory: Coulomb’s Passive Pressure
14.12. Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory: Active Force on Retaining Walls with Earthquake Forces (Granular Backfill)
Location of Line of Action of Resultant Force, P a e
14.13. Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory: Active Pressure on Retaining Wall with a c ′ - ϕ ′ Backfill Considering Earthquake Forces
14.14. Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory: Common Types of Retaining Walls in the Field
Rigid Retaining Walls
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) Walls
14.15. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 15. Lateral Earth Pressure: Curved Failure Surface
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Retaining Walls with Friction
15.3. Properties of a Logarithmic Spiral
15.4. Passive Earth Pressure: Procedure for Determination of Passive Earth Pressure ( P p ) —Cohesionless Backfill
15.5. Passive Earth Pressure: Coefficient of Passive Earth Pressure ( K p )
Procedure of Terzaghi and Peck
Solution by the Method of Slices
Solution by the Lower-Bound Theorem of Plasticity
Solution by Method of Characteristics
Solution by the Method of Triangular Slices
15.6. Passive Earth Pressure: Caquot and Kerisel Solution for Passive Earth Pressure (Granular Backfill)
15.7. Passive Earth Pressure: Passive Force on Walls with Seepage
15.8. Braced Cuts: Braced Cuts—General
15.9. Braced Cuts: Determination of Active Thrust on Bracing Systems of Open Cuts—Granular Soil
15.10. Braced Cuts: Determination of Active Thrust on Bracing Systems for Cuts—Cohesive Soil
15.11. Braced Cuts: Pressure Variation for Design of Sheetings, Struts, and Wales
15.12. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 16. Slope Stability
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Factor of Safety
16.3. Stability of Infinite Slopes
16.4. Infinite Slope with Steady-state Seepage
Special Cases
16.5. Finite Slopes—General
16.6. Analysis of Finite Slopes with Plane Failure Surfaces (Culmann’s Method)
16.7. Analysis of Finite Slopes with Circular Failure Surfaces—General
Modes of Failure
Types of Stability Analysis Procedures
16.8. Mass Procedure—Slopes in Homogeneous Clay Soil with ϕ = 0
16.9. Mass Procedure—Stability of Saturated Clay Slope ( ϕ = 0 Condition) with Earthquake Forces
16.10. Mass Procedure—Slopes in Homogeneous c ′ - ϕ ′ Soil
Analysis of Michalowski (2002)
16.11. Taylor’s Slope Stability Chart Combined with Earthquake Effects ( c ′ - ϕ ′ Soils)
16.12. Ordinary Method of Slices
16.13. Bishop’s Simplified Method of Slices
16.14. Stability Analysis by Method of Slices for Steady-State Seepage
16.15. A Case History of Slope Failure
16.16. Solutions for Steady-State Seepage
Bishop and Morgenstern Solution
Spencer’s Solution
Michalowski’s Solution
16.17. Morgenstern’s Method of Slices for Rapid Drawdown Condition
16.18. Fluctuation of Factor of Safety of Slopes in Clay Embankment on Saturated Clay
Cuts in Saturated Clay
16.19. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 17. Soil-Bearing Capacity for a Shallow Foundation
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Ultimate Soil-Bearing Capacity for Shallow Foundations
17.3. Terzaghi’s Ultimate Bearing Capacity Equation
17.4. Effect of Groundwater Table
17.5. Factor of Safety
17.6. General Bearing Capacity Equation
17.7. Meyerhof’s Bearing Capacity, Shape, and Depth Factors
17.8. A Case History for Evaluation of the Ultimate Bearing Capacity
17.9. Ultimate Load for Shallow Footings under Eccentric Load (One-Way Eccentricity)
Prakash and Saran Theory
Reduction Factor for Granular Soil
17.10. Continuous Footing under Eccentrically Inclined Load
Meyerhof’s Method
Saran and Agarwal Method
Reduction Factor Method—Granular Soil
17.11. Bearing Capacity of Sand Based on Settlement
Comparison with Field Settlement Observation
17.12. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 18. Subsoil Exploration
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Planning for Soil Exploration
18.3. Boring Methods
18.4. Common Sampling Methods
Sampling by Standard Split Spoon
Sampling by Thin-Wall Tube
Sampling by Piston Sampler
18.5. Sample Disturbance
18.6. Correlations for N 60 in Cohesive Soil
18.7. Correlations for Standard Penetration Number in Granular Soil
Liao and Whitman’s Relationship (1986)
Skempton’s Relationship (1986)
Seed et al.’s Relationship (1975)
Peck et al.’s Relationship (1974)
Bazaraa’s Relationship (1967)
Correlations for Relative Density
Correlations for Drained Angle of Friction
18.8. Other In Situ Tests
18.9. Vane Shear Test
18.10. Borehole Pressuremeter Test
18.11. Cone Penetration Test
Correlations for Soil Friction Angle
Correlation for Relative Density of Sand
Correlations for Soil Modulus of Elasticity
Correlations for Undrained Cohesion of Clay
Correlation between q c and N 60
Correlations of Soil Types
18.12. Rock Coring
18.13. Soil Exploration Report
18.14. Summary
Practice Problems
References
Chapter 19. An Introduction to Geosynthetics
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Geotextile
Tensile Strength
Permeability
Properties to be Considered for Design
Some Examples of use of Geotextiles
19.3. Geogrid
Reinforcement Mechanism
Mechanical Properties to be Considered for Design
Examples of Field Application
19.4. Geomembrane
Tensile Strength
Properties to be Considered for Design
Some Examples of use of Geomembranes
19.5. Geonet
Examples of use of Geonet
19.6. Geosynthetic Clay Liner
19.7. Summary
References
Conversion Factors from SI to English Units
Conversion Factors from English to SI Units