Preoperative Assessment and Management

Höfundur: BobbieJean Sweitzer (Útgáfa: 3)
Preoperative Assessment and Management

Kaup valmöguleikar

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. This latest edition of Preoperative Assessment and Management offers up-to-date, concise, and comprehensive information for anyone who performs preoperative assessments on patients. With a practical, no-nonsense writing style, it provides fast, efficient answers on evaluating patients with neurological, cardiac, renal, endocrine, metabolic, hematologic, musculoskeletal, and other disorders; administering medications; and more.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Wolters Kluwer Health
ISBN
9781975109677
Print ISBN
9781496368423
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
3
Höfundar
BobbieJean Sweitzer
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2018-05-24
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
10
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover
  • Half Titlepage
  • Title Page
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Contributors
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Abbreviation List
  • Chapter 1 Overview
  • Chapter 1.1 Preoperative Evaluation
  • Physical Examination
  • Preparation and Management
  • References
  • Chapter 1.2 Perioperative Risk Assessment
  • Why Assess Risk?
  • Systems for Preoperative Risk Stratification
  • Some Examples of Commonly Used Risk Systems
  • Functional Status Measures
  • The ACS NSQIP Risk-Prediction Model
  • Future Developments—Risk Stratification in the Era of “Big Data”
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 2 Preoperative Basics
  • Chapter 2.1 Preoperative Testing
  • Introduction
  • Dangers of Routine Testing
  • Chest Radiographs
  • Hemoglobin
  • Coagulation Studies
  • Electrolytes
  • Renal Function Testing
  • Serum Glucose and Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Preoperative Urine Analyses
  • Preoperative Pregnancy Testing
  • Current Rates of Testing
  • Choosing Wisely
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 2.2 Preoperative Electrocardiograms
  • References
  • Chapter 2.3 Preoperative Blood Orders
  • References
  • Chapter 2.4 Specialized Testing
  • Functional Status Assessment
  • Cardiopulmonary Reserve Tests
  • References
  • Chapter 2.5 Preoperative Ultrasound
  • Cardiac Ultrasound
  • Lung Ultrasound
  • Gastric Ultrasound
  • Vascular Ultrasound
  • Incorporation Into Clinical Practice
  • References
  • Chapter 2.6 Consultation
  • Introduction
  • Current Use and Outcomes
  • Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 3 Heart Disease
  • Chapter 3.1 Ischemic Heart Disease
  • Pathophysiology of Perioperative IHD
  • Silent Postoperative Troponin Elevation
  • Perioperative Ischemic Heart Failure
  • Preoperative Presentations of IHD
  • Preoperative Evaluation for IHD
  • Cardiac Risk Indices
  • Preoperative Testing
  • Preoperative Biomarkers
  • References
  • Chapter 3.2 Recent Coronary Revascularization
  • Risks Associated With Revascularization
  • Preoperative Evaluation After Revascularization
  • Lifestyle Modifications and Medication Management
  • References
  • Chapter 3.3 Cardiac Risk Reduction With Medications
  • Antiplatelet Therapy
  • Statin Therapy
  • Antihypertensive Therapy
  • References
  • Chapter 3.4 Heart Failure
  • Classification of Heart Failure
  • Objectives in Preoperative Evaluation
  • Impact of HF on Perioperative Risk and Outcome
  • Clinical Findings
  • Identification of the Underlying Cause
  • Investigations
  • Differential Diagnosis
  • Optimization and Management of Heart Failure
  • Preoperative Medication Management
  • Epidemiology and Prognosis
  • References
  • Chapter 3.5 Cardiomyopathies
  • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
  • Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
  • References
  • Chapter 3.6 Hypertension
  • References
  • Chapter 3.7 Undiagnosed Murmurs
  • Factors to Consider When Evaluating a New Murmur
  • References
  • Chapter 3.8 Stenotic Valvular Disease
  • Introduction
  • Aortic Stenosis
  • Mitral Stenosis
  • References
  • Chapter 3.9 Regurgitant Valvular Disease
  • Mitral Regurgitation
  • Aortic Regurgitation
  • References
  • Chapter 3.10 Syncope
  • References
  • Chapter 3.11 Arrhythmias
  • Premature Beats
  • Supraventricular Tachycardia
  • Wolff–Parkinson–White Syndrome
  • Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
  • Long QT Syndrome
  • References
  • Chapter 3.12 Atrial Fibrillation
  • Atrial Fibrillation
  • Classification of AF
  • Consequences of AF
  • Clinical Evaluation
  • Rate Control
  • Evaluation of Thromboembolic Risk
  • Prevention of Thromboembolism
  • References
  • Chapter 3.13 Conduction Blocks
  • First-Degree Heart Block
  • Second-Degree Heart Block
  • Third-Degree Heart Block
  • Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB)
  • Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB)
  • References
  • Chapter 3.14 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults
  • Clinical Presentation
  • Preoperative Diagnostic Testing
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 3.15 Miscellaneous Cardiac Syndromes
  • Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
  • Brugada Syndrome
  • References
  • Chapter 3.16 Evaluation of the Patient for a Heart Transplant
  • Key Points
  • The Preoperative Evaluation
  • Evaluation of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Right Ventricular Function
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 3.17 Evaluation of the Patient With a Heart Transplant for Subsequent Noncardiac Surgery
  • Key Points
  • Introduction
  • Immunosuppressant Therapy
  • Infection
  • Hypertension
  • Renal Dysfunction
  • Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia
  • Allograft Rejection
  • The Transplanted Heart
  • The Denervated Heart
  • References
  • Chapter 3.18 Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 3.19 Peripheral Arterial Disease
  • Goals of Preoperative Evaluation
  • History
  • Physical Examination
  • Laboratory Testing
  • Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation
  • Preoperative Medical Therapy
  • Preoperative Preparation
  • References
  • Chapter 3.20 Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIED)
  • Preoperative Evaluation
  • Perioperative Management Plan
  • References
  • Chapter 3.21 Left Ventricular Assist Devices
  • Key Points
  • Introduction
  • Indications for LVAD Implantation
  • Overview of LVAD Physiology and Function
  • History and Physical Examination
  • Preoperative Laboratory and Imaging Analysis
  • Perioperative Anticoagulation Management
  • Anesthetic Planning
  • References
  • Chapter 3.22 Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis
  • Dental Procedures
  • Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Procedures
  • Respiratory Tract Procedures
  • Procedures on Infected Skin or Musculoskeletal Tissues
  • Patients Already Receiving Antibiotics
  • Patients Having Cardiac Surgery
  • International Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 4 Pulmonary Disease
  • Chapter 4.1 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • References
  • Chapter 4.2 Asthma
  • References
  • Chapter 4.3 Restrictive and Interstitial Lung Diseases
  • References
  • Chapter 4.4 Cystic Fibrosis
  • References
  • Chapter 4.5 Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
  • Definition
  • Pathophysiology
  • Risk Factors for the Development of ARDS
  • Preoperative Evaluation of Patients With ARDS
  • Prognosis
  • References
  • Chapter 4.6 The Patient for a Lung Transplant
  • Types of Lung Transplants
  • Indications for Lung Transplantation
  • Transplant Networks
  • Lung Allocation Score
  • Phases of Evaluation
  • Specific Evaluation
  • Reevaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 4.7 The Patient With a Lung Transplant for Subsequent Surgery
  • Preoperative Evaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 4.8 Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Perioperative Morbidity Associated With OSA
  • Screening Tools in the Preoperative Period
  • Treatment in the Perioperative Setting
  • Best Preoperative Practices for the Patient Identified at Risk of OSA
  • Best Preoperative Practices for the Patient With Diagnosed OSA
  • Ambulatory Surgery and OSA
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 4.9 Tobacco Abuse and Smoking Cessation
  • Preoperative Interventions
  • The Role of the Anesthesiologist
  • References
  • Chapter 4.10 Postoperative Pulmonary Complications
  • References
  • Chapter 4.11 Pulmonary Function Testing
  • Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 4.12 Patients for Lung Resection
  • Predictors of Morbidity and Mortality
  • Testing and Evaluation
  • Preoperative Preparation
  • References
  • Chapter 5 Neurologic/Neuromuscular Disorders
  • Chapter 5.1 Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
  • References
  • Chapter 5.2 Carotid Bruit
  • References
  • Chapter 5.3 Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Malformations
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 5.4 Myasthenia Gravis
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 5.5 Lambert–Eaton Syndrome
  • Pathophysiology
  • Patient History, Symptoms, and Neurologic Deficits
  • Treatment
  • Preanesthetic Evaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 5.6 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • References
  • Chapter 5.7 Muscular Dystrophies
  • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  • Myotonia and Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy
  • References
  • Chapter 5.8 Guillain-Barré Syndrome
  • Epidemiology and Pathophysiology
  • Diagnosis and Symptoms
  • Treatment
  • Preanesthetic Evaluation
  • Guillain–Barré Syndrome and Regional Anesthesia
  • References
  • Chapter 5.9 Cerebral Palsy
  • Nervous System and Behavioral Problems
  • Respiratory System
  • Gastrointestinal System
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • Premedication
  • References
  • Chapter 5.10 Parkinson Disease
  • Treatment Modalities
  • Preanesthetic Assessment
  • References
  • Chapter 5.11 Intracranial Tumors
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • References
  • Chapter 5.12 Seizure Disorders
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 5.13 Dementia
  • Medication Considerations
  • Reducing Perioperative Risks
  • References
  • Chapter 5.14 Neurofibromatosis
  • Pathophysiology
  • Presentation and Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • Preanesthetic Evaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 5.15 Intracranial Hypertension/Increased Intracranial Pressure
  • History and Physical Examination
  • Diagnostic Testing
  • Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 5.16 Traumatic Brain Injury
  • Preoperative Evaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 5.17 Autism Spectrum Disorders
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 6 Renal Disease
  • Chapter 6.1 Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Definition and Staging
  • Incidence and Prevalence of CKD
  • Impact on Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality
  • Diagnosis
  • Preoperative Evaluation and Optimization
  • Specific Comorbidities
  • References
  • Chapter 6.2 End Stage Renal Disease on Dialysis
  • Incidence and Prevalence of ESRD
  • Prognosis
  • Causes of ESRD and Associated Comorbid Conditions
  • Preanesthesia Evaluation and Optimization
  • References
  • Chapter 6.3 Acute Kidney Injury
  • Definition, Diagnosis, and Staging
  • Identifying Risks for Development of AKI
  • References
  • Chapter 6.4 The Patient for Renal Transplantation
  • References
  • Chapter 6.5 Mitigating Risk of Injury From Contrast Dye
  • References
  • Chapter 7 Hepatobiliary Disease
  • Chapter 7.1 Cirrhosis
  • References
  • Chapter 7.2 Alcoholic Hepatitis
  • References
  • Chapter 7.3 Viral Hepatitis
  • Reference
  • Chapter 7.4 The Patient for Liver Transplantation
  • Hepatic Encephalopathy
  • Cardiopulmonary Considerations
  • Hepatorenal Syndrome
  • Coagulopathy and Hemostasis Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 7.5 Non-Transplant Surgery in End-Stage Liver Disease
  • Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
  • Preprocedure Evaluation
  • Cholecystectomy
  • Endoscopic Procedures
  • References
  • Chapter 7.6 Pancreatic Disease
  • Pancreatitis
  • Conditions Other Than Pancreatitis
  • References
  • Chapter 8 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
  • Chapter 8.1 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Classification of Diabetes
  • Complications of Diabetes and Their Anesthetic Implications
  • Preoperative Evaluation and Testing
  • Perioperative Diabetes Management
  • Medications for Diabetes
  • References
  • Chapter 8.2 Hyperthyroidism
  • Physiology
  • Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology
  • Clinical Manifestations
  • Interview, History, and Physical Examination
  • Testing
  • Management
  • References
  • Chapter 8.3 Hypothyroidism
  • Physiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Testing
  • Management
  • References
  • Chapter 8.4 Adrenal Insufficiency
  • Interview, History, and Physical Examination
  • Diagnostic Testing
  • Perioperative Management
  • References
  • Chapter 8.5 Cushing Syndrome
  • Clinical Features
  • Interview, History, and Physical Examination
  • Investigations
  • References
  • Chapter 8.6 Pituitary Disorders
  • References
  • Chapter 8.7 Acromegaly
  • Clinical Findings
  • Perioperative Evaluation and Management
  • Reference
  • Chapter 8.8 Hyperparathyroidism
  • History, Physical Examination, and Diagnostic Testing
  • Preoperative Interventions and Anesthetic Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 8.9 Carcinoid Tumor
  • References
  • Chapter 8.10 Pheochromocytoma
  • Diagnosis
  • Diagnostic Testing for Pheochromocytoma
  • History and Physical Examination
  • Perioperative Testing
  • Perioperative Adrenergic Blockade
  • References
  • Chapter 8.11 Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion
  • History and Physical Examination
  • Diagnostic Testing
  • Implications for Perioperative and Anesthetic Management
  • References
  • Chapter 8.12 Diabetes Insipidus
  • References
  • Chapter 8.13 Metabolic Alkalosis
  • References
  • Chapter 8.14 Metabolic Acidosis
  • References
  • Chapter 8.15 Hypernatremia
  • Clinical Findings
  • Causes and Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 8.16 Hyponatremia
  • Signs, Symptoms, and Causes of Hyponatremia
  • Approach to the Diagnosis of Hyponatremia
  • Management
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • Chapter 8.17 Hypercalcemia
  • History, Physical Examination, and Diagnostic Testing
  • Preoperative Interventions and Anesthetic Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 8.18 Hypocalcemia
  • History, Physical Examination, and Diagnostic Testing
  • Preoperative Interventions and Anesthetic Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 8.19 Malnutrition
  • Perioperative Implications of Malnutrition
  • Screening for Malnutrition
  • Preoperative Interventions
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 8.20 Obesity
  • Pulmonary
  • Sleep Disordered Breathing/Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Airway Management
  • Cardiac
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Metabolic/Endocrine
  • Thromboprophylaxis
  • Medications
  • Preoperative Planning
  • Risk Stratification
  • References
  • Chapter 9 Hematologic Disorders
  • Chapter 9.1 Anemia
  • Preoperative Anemia Evaluation
  • Etiology
  • References
  • Chapter 9.2 Sickle Cell Disease
  • Affected Organ Systems
  • Genotypes
  • Assessment of Surgical Risk
  • Preoperative Testing
  • Preoperative Transfusion and Exchange Transfusion
  • Fasting Guidelines
  • References
  • Chapter 9.3 Thalassemia
  • Classification
  • Clinical Manifestations and Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 9.4 Thrombocytopenia
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 9.5 Thrombocytosis
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 9.6 Hypercoagulable States
  • References
  • Chapter 9.7 Prolonged Prothrombin or Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
  • Limitations of PT and aPTT Measurements
  • Bleeding History and Physical Examination
  • Evaluation of Abnormal PT or aPTT
  • References
  • Chapter 9.8 Hemophilia
  • Summary of Important Clinical Considerations
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 9.9 Bleeding Disorders
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 9.10 Von Willebrand Disease
  • Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome
  • Diagnosis of Von Willebrand Disease or Syndrome
  • Laboratory Testing
  • Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 9.11 Porphyria
  • Presentation
  • Diagnosis
  • Anesthetic Implications
  • References
  • Chapter 9.12 Hemochromatosis
  • Iron and the Human Body
  • Why Is Excess Iron Bad?
  • Causes of Iron Overload
  • Diagnosis of Iron Overload
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 9.13 Hereditary Angioedema and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Manifestations and Exacerbating Factors
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment, Perioperative Considerations, and the Emergency Airway
  • References
  • Chapter 9.14 Venous Thromboembolic Disease
  • Epidemiology
  • Risk Factors for VTE
  • Risk Factors in the Surgical Population
  • Outcomes After VTE
  • Duration of Anticoagulation
  • Assessing the Surgical Patient With Known VTE
  • References
  • Chapter 9.15 Venous Thromboembolism Risk Assessment and Prophylaxis
  • Assessing Postoperative Risk of Venous Thromboembolism
  • Nonpharmacologic Options for VTE Prophylaxis
  • Pharmacologic Options for VTE Prophylaxis and Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 10 Musculoskeletal and Autoimmune Disorders
  • Chapter 10.1 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Clinical Manifestations
  • Treatment/Prognosis
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • References
  • Chapter 10.2 Sarcoidosis
  • Clinical Manifestations
  • Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • References
  • Chapter 10.3 Scleroderma and Systemic Sclerosis
  • Treatment
  • Preoperative Assessment and Management
  • References
  • Chapter 10.4 Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Preoperative Assessment and Management
  • References
  • Chapter 10.5 Ankylosing Spondylitis
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • References
  • Chapter 10.6 Kyphoscoliosis
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • Reference
  • Chapter 10.7 Achondroplasia
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • References
  • Chapter 10.8 Marfan Syndrome
  • Clinical Manifestations
  • Treatment/Prognosis
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • References
  • Chapter 10.9 Amyloidosis
  • Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, and Prognosis
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • Morbidity/Mortality
  • Risk Assessment
  • Optimal Timing for Elective Surgery
  • Medications
  • References
  • Chapter 10.10 Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
  • Treatment/Prognosis
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • Specific Preoperative Recommendations
  • References
  • Chapter 10.11 Pemphigus
  • Pemphigus Diseases
  • Pemphigoid Diseases
  • Perioperative Concerns
  • References
  • Chapter 10.12 Mucopolysaccharidoses
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • Summary of MP Anesthesia Concerns
  • References
  • Chapter 11 The Acutely Ill Patient
  • Chapter 11.1 Critical Illness
  • Neurologic
  • Infectious Disease
  • Circulatory
  • Respiratory/Mechanical Ventilation
  • Renal
  • Endocrine/Metabolic
  • Hematologic
  • Gastrointestinal
  • Nutrition
  • References
  • Chapter 11.2 Trauma
  • Preoperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 11.3 Burns
  • History and Physical Examination
  • Diagnostic Testing
  • References
  • Chapter 11.4 Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
  • Pathophysiology
  • Clinical Manifestations
  • Diagnosis
  • Treatment
  • References
  • Chapter 11.5 Deceased Brain Donor
  • Neurologic
  • Cardiovascular
  • Pulmonary
  • Renal
  • Endocrine
  • Hematologic
  • Living-Related Organ Donation
  • References
  • Chapter 11.6 Emergency Surgery
  • Risk Stratification
  • Hemodynamic Management
  • Blood Management
  • References
  • Chapter 12 Psychiatric Disorders, Chronic Pain and Substance Abuse
  • Chapter 12.1 Opioid Abuse
  • Opioid Pharmacology and Addiction
  • Medications Treating Opioid Use Disorders
  • References
  • Chapter 12.2 Cocaine or Amphetamine Abuse
  • Amphetamines
  • Cocaine
  • References
  • Chapter 12.3 Alcohol and Other Substance Use Disorders
  • Alcohol Use Disorder
  • References
  • Chapter 12.4 Anxiety and Depression
  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Drug Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 12.5 Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar Disorder
  • References
  • Chapter 12.6 History of Difficult to Manage Postoperative Pain
  • Preoperative Evaluation
  • References
  • Chapter 12.7 High-Dose Preoperative Pain Medications
  • Methadone
  • Buprenorphine
  • Naloxegol
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 12.8 Opioid Antagonists
  • Buprenorphine
  • Naltrexone
  • Discontinuing Opioid Antagonist Therapy Before Surgery
  • Continuing Opioid Antagonist Therapy Through Surgery
  • References
  • Chapter 13 Miscellaneous Issues
  • Chapter 13.1 Multiple Drug Allergies
  • References
  • Chapter 13.2 Dyspnea and Poor Exercise Tolerance
  • References
  • Chapter 13.3 Refusal of Blood/Jehovah’s Witness
  • Medical Practice is Guided by Four Fundamental Ethical Principles
  • Informed Consent, Advanced Directives, and Surrogate Decision Makers
  • Special Circumstances Regarding Administration of Blood Transfusions
  • Perioperative Planning
  • References
  • Chapter 13.4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
  • Treatment
  • HIV and Perioperative Considerations
  • References
  • Chapter 13.5 Do-not-resuscitate Orders
  • Discussing a Goal-Directed Approach to Perioperative DNR
  • Recommended Documentation
  • Barriers to Implementing Perioperative DNR Orders
  • References
  • Chapter 13.6 Pregnancy and Nonobstetric Surgery
  • Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy
  • Timing of Surgery
  • Fetal Monitoring
  • Choice of Anesthetic
  • References
  • Chapter 13.7 Breastfeeding
  • Breastfeeding in the Perioperative Period
  • Specific Medications
  • References
  • Chapter 13.8 Discharge Planning
  • References
  • Chapter 13.9 Rehabilitation
  • References
  • Chapter 14 Geriatric Patients
  • Chapter 14.1 Approach to Geriatric Surgical Patients
  • Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
  • Decision-Making Capacity
  • Delirium
  • Alcohol and Substance Abuse
  • Functional Status, Mobility, and Fall Risk
  • Medication Management
  • Patient Counseling
  • References
  • Chapter 14.2 Cataract Surgery
  • Patient Triage
  • Controversial Issues
  • Special Considerations
  • Pediatric Cataract Surgery
  • References
  • Chapter 14.3 Frailty
  • Frailty Assessment Tools
  • Frailty Adversely Impacts Postoperative Outcomes
  • Frailty Assessment Improves Risk Calculation
  • Frailty Assessment in Preoperative Decision Making
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 14.4 Prehabilitation
  • Functional Capacity
  • Preoperative Smoking Cessation
  • Preoperative Anemia Optimization
  • Nutritional Optimization
  • References
  • Chapter 15 Pediatric Patients
  • Chapter 15.1 The Pediatric Patient
  • Psychological Preparation
  • Risks of Anesthesia
  • History and Review of Systems
  • Medications and Allergies
  • Physical Examination
  • Diagnostic Testing
  • Special Circumstances
  • References
  • Chapter 15.2 The Neonate
  • Premature Birth
  • Physical Examination
  • Elective Surgery for Infants
  • References
  • Chapter 15.3 Congenital Heart Disease in Pediatric Patients
  • References
  • Chapter 16 Anesthesia-Specific Issues
  • Chapter 16.1 Appropriateness, Informed Consent, and Shared Decision Making
  • Central Concepts
  • Current Practice
  • Future Directions
  • Recommendations
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 16.2 Fasting Guidelines
  • References
  • Chapter 16.3 Airway Assessment
  • Definition and Incidence of Difficult Airway
  • Predictors of Difficult Airway
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 16.4 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
  • References
  • Chapter 16.5 Malignant Hyperthermia
  • Epidemiology and Inheritance
  • Diagnosis of MH Susceptibility
  • Disorders Associated With Malignant Hyperthermia
  • Preparing for Unexpected Intraoperative MH
  • References
  • Chapter 16.6 Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency
  • References
  • Chapter 17 Preoperative Assessment for Specific Locations
  • Chapter 17.1 Non-Operating Room Anesthesia
  • Gastrointestinal Procedures in the Endoscopy Suite
  • Interventional Pulmonary Procedures
  • Biliary and Hepatic Interventions
  • Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Other Nora-Related Concerns
  • References
  • Chapter 17.2 Ambulatory Procedures
  • Procedural Considerations
  • Patient Considerations
  • Preoperative Evaluation and Testing
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 17.3 Office-Based Anesthesia
  • Procedures
  • Patient Selection
  • References
  • Suggested Readings
  • Chapter 18 Medication Management
  • Chapter 18.1 Medication Management
  • Rebound Phenomenon and Withdrawal Syndromes
  • Medications that Potentially Complicate Anesthetics
  • Medications that Potentially Complicate Surgery
  • References
  • Chapter 18.2 Anticoagulants and Bridging Therapy
  • Anticoagulants
  • Perioperative Management of Anticoagulants
  • Rapid Reversal of Anticoagulants
  • Perioperative Bridging
  • References
  • Chapter 18.3 Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets, and Regional Anesthesia
  • Modifying Regional Anesthesia Risk
  • Identifying High-Risk Medications
  • Identifying Candidates for Regional Anesthetics in Advance of Surgery
  • Employing Logic to the Medication List to Prevent Interaction
  • Planning Therapy and Drug Discontinuation
  • References
  • Chapter 18.4 Insulin
  • References
  • Chapter 18.5 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
  • References
  • Chapter 18.6 Steroid Use
  • Effect of Exogenous Glucocorticoids on the HPA Axis
  • Preoperative Assessment
  • Recommendations for Perioperative Management
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 18.7 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
  • References
  • Chapter 18.8 Supplements
  • Garlic
  • Ginseng
  • Valerian
  • Effects of Supplements Used Preoperatively
  • References
  • Chapter 19 Business Logistics
  • Chapter 19.1 Staffing for Preoperative Assessment
  • Information Gathering
  • Determination of Adequacy of Information
  • Determination of Need for Further Assessment
  • Perioperative Optimization
  • Role of the Surgeon
  • Documentation
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 19.2 Remote Evaluation
  • Establishing a Preoperative Telemedicine System
  • Communication Systems
  • Equipment
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 19.3 Business Model for Preoperative Process
  • Background, Rationale, and a Common Fundamental Question
  • Billing for Preoperative Management Services
  • Business Model
  • Leveraging the Electronic Medical Record and Electronic Health Record
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • Chapter 19.4 Telemedicine
  • Establishing a Telemedicine System
  • Communication Systems
  • Equipment
  • Summary
  • References
  • Chapter 19.5 Private Practice Model
  • Delegation of Responsibilities
  • Practical Advice for the Private Practice Anesthesiologist
  • References
  • Index