Pharmacology in Rehabilitation Updated Edition

Name: Pharmacology in Rehabilitation Updated Edition
Price: 11890 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: Charles Ciccone
ISBN: 9781719645355

Höfundur: Charles Ciccone (Útgáfa: 5)

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Up-to-date, must-know coverage: Bring your understanding of the rapidly evolving world of pharmacological agents and their impact on rehabilitation up to date with the Updated 5th Edition of the fieldâ€™s signature reference. An easy-to-understand writing style and easy-to-follow design help you to understand the what, why, and how of this complex subject to ensure the most effective plans of care for your patients.

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Útgefandi: F. A. Davis Company

ISBN: 9781719645355

Print ISBN: 9781719645348

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 5

Höfundar: Charles Ciccone

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 2022-01-24

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Prent takmörkun: 25

Afritunar takmörkun: 25

Flokkar: Heilbrigðisvísindi

Efnisflokkar: Læknisfræði › Sjúkraþjálfun

Kaflar

Cover
Half Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Foreword
Preface
Brief Contents
Contents
Section 1: General Principles of Pharmacology
Chapter 1. Basic Principles of Pharmacology
Relevance of Pharmacology in Rehabilitation
Drug Nomenclature
Substitution of Generic Drugs for Brand-Name Products
What Constitutes a Drug: Development and Approval of Therapeutic Agents
Drug Approval Process
Orphan Drugs
Off-Label Prescribing
Prescription Versus Over-the-Counter Medication
Controlled Substances
Basic Concepts in Drug Therapy
Dose-Response Curves and Maximal Efficacy
Potency
Elements of Drug Safety
Quantal Dose-Response Curves and the Median Effective Dose
Median Toxic Dose
Therapeutic Index
Summary
Chapter 2. Pharmacokinetics I: Drug Administration, Absorption, and Distribution
Routes of Administration
Enteral
Parenteral
Transdermal
Bioavailability and Drug Absorption Across the Cell Membrane
Membrane Structure and Function
Movement Across Membrane Barriers
Distribution of Drugs Within the Body
Factors Affecting Distribution
Volume of Distribution
Drug Storage
Storage Sites
Adverse Consequences of Drug Storage
Newer Techniques for Drug Delivery
Controlled-Release Preparations
Implanted Drug Delivery Systems
Targeting Drug Delivery to Specific Cells and Tissues
Summary
Chapter 3. Pharmacokinetics II: Drug Elimination
Biotransformation
Cellular Mechanisms of Drug Biotransformation
Organs Responsible for Drug Biotransformation: Primary is Liver
Enzyme Induction
Drug Excretion
Drug Elimination Rates
Clearance
Half-Life
Dosing Schedules and Plasma Concentration
Variations in Drug Response and Metabolism
Genetics
Disease
Drug Interactions
Age
Diet
Gender
Other Factors
Summary
Chapter 4. Pharmacodynamics: Target Tissue Receptors
Receptors Located on the Cell’s Surface
Surface Receptors Linked Directly to Ion Channels
Surface Receptors Linked Directly to Enzymes
Surface Receptors Linked to Regulatory (G) Proteins and the Role of the Second Messenger
Intracellular Receptors
Drug-Receptor Interactions
Functional Aspects of Drug-Receptor Interactions
Drug Selectivity and Receptor Subtypes
Dose-Response
Classification of Drugs: Agonist Versus Antagonist
Competitive Versus Noncompetitive Antagonists
Partial Agonists
Mixed Agonist-Antagonists and Inverse Agonists
Receptor Regulation
Receptor Desensitization and Down-Regulation
Receptor Supersensitivity
Nonreceptor Drug Mechanisms
Summary
Section 2: Pharmacology of the Central Nervous System
Chapter 5. General Principles of Central Nervous System Pharmacology
CNS Organization
Cerebrum
Basal Ganglia
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon and Brainstem
Cerebellum
Limbic System
Spinal Cord
The Blood-Brain Barrier
CNS Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Monoamines
Amino Acids
Peptides
Other Transmitters
The General Mechanisms of CNS Drugs
Summary
Chapter 6. Sedative-Hypnotic and Antianxiety Drugs
Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs
Benzodiazepines
Nonbenzodiazepines
Pharmacokinetics
Problems and Adverse Effects of Sedative-Hypnotics
Antianxiety Drugs
Benzodiazepines
Buspirone
Use of Antidepressants in Anxiety
Other Antianxiety Drugs
Problems and Adverse Effects of Anxiolytics
Summary
Chapter 7. Drugs to Treat Affective Disorders: Depression and Bipolar Syndrome
Depression
Pathophysiology of Depression
Antidepressant Drugs
Pharmacokinetics of Antidepressants
Problems and Adverse Effects
Antidepressants and Chronic Pain
Bipolar Disorder
Lithium
Other Drugs for Bipolar Disorder
Summary
Chapter 8. Antipsychotic Drugs
Schizophrenia
Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia
Neurotransmitter Changes in Schizophrenia
Antipsychotics Mechanism of Action
Antipsychotic Drugs
Traditional Antipsychotics
Atypical Antipsychotics
Pharmacokinetics
Other Uses of Antipsychotics
Problems and Adverse Effects
Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Nonmotor Effects
Other Side Effects
Summary
Chapter 9. Antiepileptic Drugs
Classification of Epileptic Seizures
Rationale for Drug Treatment
Antiseizure Drugs
First-Generation Antiseizure Drugs
Second-Generation Agents
Selection of a Specific Antiepileptic Agent
Pharmacokinetics
Special Precautions During Pregnancy
Treatment of Status Epilepticus
Withdrawal of Antiseizure Medications
Summary
Chapter 10. Pharmacological Management of Parkinson Disease
Pathophysiology of Parkinson Disease
Therapeutic Agents in Parkinsonism
Levodopa
Pharmacokinetics of Levodopa
Use of Peripheral Decarboxylase Inhibitors
Problems and Adverse Effects of Levodopa Therapy
Drug Holidays From Levodopa
Other Drugs to Treat Parkinson Disease
Dopamine Agonists
Anticholinergic Drugs
Amantadine
Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors
Clinical Course of Parkinson Disease: When to Use Specific Drugs
Neurosurgical Interventions in Parkinson Disease
Summary
Chapter 11. General Anesthetics
Requirements for General Anesthesia
Induction Stages of General Anesthesia
General Anesthetic Agents: Classification and Use According to Route of Administration
Inhalation Anesthetics
Intravenous Anesthetics
Pharmacokinetics
Mechanism of Action
Adjuvants in General Anesthesia
Preoperative Medications
Neuromuscular Blockers
Nondepolarizing Blockers
Depolarizing Blocker
Summary
Chapter 12. Local Anesthetics
Types of Local Anesthetics
Pharmacokinetics
Clinical Use of Local Anesthetics
Topical Administration
Transdermal Administration
Infiltration Anesthesia
Peripheral Nerve Block
Central Neural Blockade
Sympathetic Blockade
Intravenous Regional Anesthesia (Bier Block)
Mechanism of Action
Differential Nerve Block
Systemic Effects of Local Anesthetics
Summary
Section 3: Drugs Affecting Skeletal Muscle
Chapter 13. Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
Increased Muscle Tone: Spasticity Versus Muscle Spasms
Antispasm Drugs
Diazepam
Centrally Acting Antispasm Drugs
Antispasticity Drugs
Baclofen
Intrathecal Baclofen
Dantrolene Sodium
Diazepam
Gabapentin
Tizanidine
Use of Botulinum Toxin as a Muscle Relaxant
Mechanism of Action
Clinical Use of Botulinum Toxin
Limitations and Adverse Effects
Pharmacokinetics
Summary
Section 4: Drugs Used to Treat Pain and Inflammation
Chapter 14. Opioid Analgesics
Opioid Analgesics
Tolerance
Physical Dependence
Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia
Pharmacological Treatment of Opioid Addiction
Sources of Opioid Analgesics
Classification of Specific Agents
Strong Agonists
Mild-to-Moderate Agonists
Mixed Agonist-Antagonists
Antagonists
Pharmacokinetics
Mechanism of Action
Sites of Opioid Effects
Effects of Opioids on Synaptic Activity
Clinical Applications
Treatment of Pain
Use of Opioids in Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Other Opioid Uses
Problems and Adverse Effects
Summary
Chapter 15. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Aspirin and other NSAIDs: General Aspects
Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, and Leukotrienes
Eicosanoid Biosynthesis
Role of Eicosanoids in Health and Disease
Mechanism of NSAID Action: Inhibition of Prostaglandin and Thromboxane Synthesis
Aspirin: The Prototypical NSAID
Clinical Applications of Aspirinlike Drugs
Treatment of Pain and Inflammation
Treatment of Fever
Treatment of Vascular Disorders
Prevention of Cancer
Problems and Adverse Effects of Aspirinlike Drugs
Gastrointestinal Problems
Cardiovascular Considerations
Other Side Effects
Comparison of Aspirin With Other NSAIDs
COX-2 Selective Drugs
COX-2 Drugs and the Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke
Acetaminophen
Pharmacokinetics of NSAIDs and Acetaminophen
Summary
Chapter 16. Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Immune Basis for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Overview of Drug Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
NSAIDs
Glucocorticoids
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
Traditional (Nonbiological) DMARDs
Biological DMARDs
Other DMARDs
DMARD Combinations Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Dietary Implications for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Acetaminophen and NSAIDs
Viscosupplementation
Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate
Summary
Chapter 17. Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Pharmacokinetic Basis for PCA
PCA Dosing Strategies and Parameters
Types of Analgesics Used for PCA
PCA Pumps
Administrations Routes During PCA
IV PCA
Epidural
Regional PCA
Comparison of PCA to Other Methods of Analgesic Administration
Comparison of PCA to Continuous Nerve Blocks
Problems and Adverse Effects of PCA
Pharmacological Adverse Effects
Problems With PCA Delivery
Summary
Section 5: Autonomic and Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Chapter 18. Introduction to Autonomic Pharmacology
Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous System: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
Preganglionic and Neurons
Sympathetic Organization
Parasympathetic Organization
Functional Aspects of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
Function of the Adrenal Medulla
Autonomic Integration and Control
Autonomic Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine and Norepinephrine
Other Autonomic Neurotransmitters
Autonomic Receptors
Cholinergic Receptors
Adrenergic Receptors
Pharmacological Significance of Autonomic Receptors
Summary
Chapter 19. Cholinergic Drugs
Cholinergic Receptors
Cholinergic Stimulants
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Stimulants
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Stimulants
Clinical Applications of Cholinergic Stimulants
Problems and Adverse Effects of Cholinergic Stimulants
Anticholinergic Drugs
Source and Mechanism of Action of Antimuscarinic Anticholinergic Drugs
Clinical Applications of Antimuscarinic Drugs
Problems and Adverse Effects of Anticholinergic Drugs
Summary
Chapter 20. Adrenergic Drugs
Adrenergic Receptor Subclassifications
Adrenergic Agonists
Alpha-1-Selective Agonists
Alpha-2-Selective Agonists
Beta-1-Selective Agonists
Beta-2-Selective Agonists
Drugs With Mixed Alpha- and Beta-Agonist Activity
Adrenergic Antagonists
Alpha Antagonists
Beta Antagonists
Other Drugs That Inhibit Adrenergic Neurons
Summary
Chapter 21. Antihypertensive Drugs
Normal Control of Blood Pressure
Pathogenesis of Hypertension
Essential Versus Secondary Hypertension
Possible Mechanisms in Essential Hypertension
Drug Therapy
Diuretics
Sympatholytic Drugs
Vasodilators
Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors
Calcium Channel Blockers
Drug Selection for Specific Patients With Hypertension
Nonpharmacological Treatment of Hypertension
Summary
Chapter 22. Treatment of Angina Pectoris
Drugs Used to Treat Angina Pectoris
Organic Nitrates
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Other Drugs Affecting Myocardial Oxygen Balance in Angina Pectoris
Use of Anticoagulants in Angina Pectoris
Treatment of Specific Types of Angina Pectoris
Stable Angina
Variant Angina (Prinzmetal Ischemia)
Unstable Angina
Nonpharmacological Management of Angina Pectoris
Summary
Chapter 23. Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Cardiac Action Potentials
Normal Cardiac Rhythm
Normal Conduction of the Cardiac Action Potential
Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Types of Arrhythmias
Classification of Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Class I: Sodium Channel Blockers
Class II: Beta Blockers
Class III: Drugs That Prolong Repolarization (Potassium Channel Blockers)
Class IV: Calcium Channel Blockers
Other Drugs Used to Treat Arrhythmias
Nonpharmacological Treatment of Arrhythmias
Summary
Chapter 24. Treatment of Heart Failure
Pathophysiology of Congestive Heart Failure
The Vicious Cycle of Heart Failure
Congestion in Left and Right Heart Failure
Pharmacotherapy
Drugs That Increase Myocardial Contraction Force (Positive Inotropic Agents)
Digitalis
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Dopamine and Dobutamine
Agents That Decrease Cardiac Workload
Drugs Affecting the Renin-Angiotensin System
Beta Blockers
Diuretics
Vasodilators
Summary
Chapter 25. Treatment of Coagulation Disorders and Hyperlipidemia
Normal Mechanism of Blood Coagulation
Clot Formation
Clot Breakdown
Drugs Used to Treat Overactive Clotting
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelet Drugs
Fibrinolytics
Treatment of Clotting Deficiencies
Hemophilia
Deficiencies of Vitamin K-Dependent Clotting Factors
Antifibrinolytics
Agents Used to Treat Hyperlipidemia
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Fibric Acids
Other Lipid-Lowering Agents
Adverse Effects of Antihyperlipidemic Agents
Summary
Section 6: Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
Chapter 26. Respiratory Drugs
Drugs Used to Treat Respiratory Tract Irritation and Control Respiratory Secretions
Antitussives
Decongestants
Antihistamines
Mucolytics and Expectorants
Drugs Used to Maintain Airway Patency in Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Beta-Adrenergic Agonists
Xanthine Derivatives
Anticholinergic Drugs
Glucocorticoids
Cromones
Leukotriene Inhibitors
Treatment of Bronchial Asthma
Pathophysiology of Bronchial Asthma
Long-Term Management of Asthma
Treatment of Reversible Bronchospasm in COPD
Treatment of Respiratory Problems in Cystic Fibrosis
Summary
Chapter 27. Gastrointestinal Drugs
Drugs Used to Control Gastric Acidity and Secretion
Antacids
H2 Receptor Blockers
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Gastric Ulcer Disease
Other Agents Used to Control and Treat Gastric Ulcers
Antidiarrheal Agents
Opioid Derivatives
Bismuth Salicylate
Miscellaneous Agents Used to Treat Diarrhea
Laxatives and Cathartics
Specific Agents and Mechanism of Action
Adverse Effects
Miscellaneous Gastrointestinal Drugs
Digestants
Emetics
Antiemetics
Cholelitholytic Agents
Summary
Section 7: Endocrine Pharmacology
Chapter 28. Introduction to Endocrine Pharmacology
Primary Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones
Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Gland
Pancreas
Adrenal Gland
Gonads
Endocrine Physiology and Pharmacology
Hormone Chemistry
Synthesis and Release of Hormones
Feedback Control Mechanisms in Endocrine Function
Hormone Transport
Hormone Effects on the Target Cell
Clinical Use of Endocrine Drugs
Replacement Therapy
Diagnosis of Endocrine Disorders
Treatment of Excessive Endocrine Function
Exploitation of Beneficial Hormone Effects
Use of Hormones to Alter Normal Endocrine Function
Use of Hormones in Nonendocrine Disease
Summary
Chapter 29. Adrenocorticosteroids
Steroid Synthesis
Glucocorticoids
Role of Glucocorticoids in Normal Function
Mechanism of Action of Glucocorticoids
Physiological Effects of Glucocorticoids
Clinical Uses of Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoid Use in Endocrine Disorders
Glucocorticoid Use in Nonendocrine Conditions
Adverse Effects of Glucocorticoids
Adrenocortical Suppression
Drug-Induced Cushing Syndrome
Breakdown of Supporting Tissues
Other Adverse Effects
Drugs That Inhibit Adrenocortical Hormone Biosynthesis
Mineralocorticoids
Regulation of Mineralocorticoid Secretion
Mechanism of Action and Physiological Effects of Mineralocorticoids
Therapeutic Use of Mineralocorticoid Drugs
Adverse Effects of Mineralocorticoid Agonists
Mineralocorticoid Antagonists
Summary
Chapter 30. Male and Female Hormones
Androgens
Source and Regulation of Androgen Synthesis
Physiological Effects of Androgens
Clinical Use of Androgens
Replacement Therapy
Catabolic States
Delayed Puberty
Breast Cancer
Anemia
Hereditary Angioedema
Specific Agents
Adverse Effects of Clinical Androgen Use
Antiandrogens
Androgen Abuse
Effects of Androgens on Athletic Performance
Adverse Effects of Androgen Abuse
Estrogen and Progesterone
Effects of Estrogen and Progesterone on Sexual Maturation
Regulation and Effects of Hormonal Synthesis During the Menstrual Cycle
Female Hormones in Pregnancy and Parturition
Pharmacological Use of Estrogen and Progesterone
Conditions Treated With Estrogen and Progesterone
Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy Following Menopause
Specific Agents
Adverse Effects of Estrogen and Progesterone
Other Drugs That Affect Estrogen and Progesterone Activity
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Antiestrogens
Antiprogestins
Hormonal Contraceptives
Types of Contraceptive Preparations
Mechanism of Contraceptive Action
Adverse Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives
Summary
Chapter 31. Drugs Affecting Metabolism and Bone Mineralization
Hormones of the Thyroid Gland
Synthesis of Thyroid Hormones
Regulation of Thyroid Hormone Release
Physiological Effects of Thyroid Hormones
Mechanism of Action of Thyroid Hormones
Treatment of Thyroid Disorders
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Parathyroid Hormone
Regulation of Bone Mineral Homeostasis
Parathyroid Hormone and Bone Formation
Vitamin D
Calcitonin
Other Hormones
Pharmacological Control of Bone Mineral Homeostasis
Calcium Supplements
Vitamin D
Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Estrogen Therapy
Other Agents That Promote Bone Mineral Content
Summary
Chapter 32. Pancreatic Hormones and the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Structure and Function of the Endocrine Pancreas
Insulin
Effects of Insulin on Carbohydrate Metabolism
Effects of Insulin on Protein and Lipid Metabolism
Cellular Mechanism of Insulin Action
Glucagon
Control of Insulin and Glucagon Release
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Effects and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Use of Insulin in Diabetes Mellitus
Therapeutic Effects and Rationale for Use
Insulin Preparations
Administration of Insulin
Intensive Insulin Therapy
Adverse Effects of Insulin Therapy
Primary Agents in Type 2 Diabetes
Drugs That Stimulate Insulin Secretion and Supply
Insulin Sensitizers
Other Antidiabetics
Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: The Potential Role of Immune-Based Therapies
Nonpharmacological Intervention in Diabetes Mellitus
Dietary Management and Weight Reduction
Exercise
Tissue Transplants and Gene Therapy
Summary
Section 8: Chemotherapy of Infectious and Neoplastic Diseases
Chapter 33. Treatment of Infections I: Antibacterial Drugs
Bacteria: Basic Concepts
Bacterial Structure and Function
Pathogenic Effects of Bacteria
Bacterial Nomenclature and Classification
Spectrum and Activity of Antibacterial Drugs
Spectrum of Antibacterial Activity
Bactericidal Versus Bacteriostatic Activity
Basic Mechanisms of Antibacterial Drugs
Inhibition of Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis and Function
Inhibition of Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Inhibition of Bacterial DNA/RNA Synthesis and Function
Specific Antibacterial Agents
Antibacterial Drugs That Inhibit Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis and Function
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Other Agents That Inhibit Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
Use of Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
Drugs That Inhibit Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Aminoglycosides
Erythromycin and Other Macrolides
Other Agents That Inhibit Bacterial Protein Synthesis
Drugs That Inhibit Bacterial DNA/RNA Synthesis and Function
Aminosalicylic Acid
Clofazimine
Dapsone
Fluoroquinolones
Metronidazole
Mupirocin
Rifamycins
Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim
Other Antibacterial Drugs
Capreomycin
Daptomycin
Isoniazid
Methenamine
Nitrofurantoin
Pyrazinamide
Clinical Use of Antibacterial Drugs: Relationship to Specific Bacterial Infections
Resistance to Antibacterial Drugs
Summary
Chapter 34. Treatment of Infections II: Antiviral Drugs
Viral Structure and Function
Classification of Viruses
Characteristics of Viruses
Viral Replication
Specific Antiviral Drugs
Acyclovir and Valacyclovir
Amantadine and Rimantadine
Cidofovir
Docosanol
Dolutegravir, Elvitegravir, and Raltegravir
Enfuvirtide and Maraviroc
Famciclovir and Penciclovir
Foscarnet
Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir
Imiquimod
Trifluridine
Oseltamivir and Zanamivir
Protease Inhibitors
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Ribavirin
Remdesivir
Viral Resistance
Interferons
Synthesis and Cellular Effects of Interferons
Pharmacological Applications of Interferons
Adverse Effects of Interferons
Control of Viral Infection With Vaccines
HIV and the Treatment of AIDS
Inhibition of HIV Proliferation in Infected Individuals
Anti-HIV Drug Combinations: Use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
HIV Vaccines
Management of Opportunistic Infections
Summary
Chapter 35. Treatment of Infections III: Antifungal and Antiparasitic Drugs
Antifungal Agents
Systemic Antifungal Agents
Topical Antifungal Agents
Antiprotozoal Agents
Antimalarial Agents
Drugs Used to Treat Protozoal Infections in the Intestines and Other Tissues
Other Antiprotozoal Drugs
Anthelmintics
Albendazole
Diethylcarbamazine
Ivermectin
Mebendazole
Praziquantel
Pyrantel Pamoate
Thiabendazole
Summary
Chapter 36. Cancer Chemotherapy
General Principles
Cytotoxic Strategy
Cell-Cycle–Specific Versus Cell-Cycle–Nonspecific Drugs
Concepts of Growth Fraction and Cell Kill
Prevalence and Management of Adverse Effects
Specific Anticancer Drugs
Alkylating Agents
Antimetabolites
Anticancer Antibiotics
Antimicrotubule Agents
Topoisomerase Inhibitors
Anticancer Hormones
Targeted and Biological Therapies
Platinum Coordination Complexes
Aspirin and Other NSAIDs
Miscellaneous Agents
Combination Chemotherapy
Use of Anticancer Drugs With Other Treatments
Success of Anticancer Drugs
Resistance to Anticancer Drugs
Future Perspectives
Summary
Chapter 37. Immunomodulating Agents
Overview of the Immune Response
Pharmacological Suppression of the Immune Response
Specific Immunosuppressive Agents
Azathioprine
Cyclophosphamide
Cyclosporine
Glucocorticoids
Methotrexate
Mycophenolate Mofetil
Sulfasalazine
Sirolimus and Other mTOR Inhibitors
Tacrolimus
Other Methods of Immunosuppression
Immunostimulants
Bacille Calmette-Guérin
Immune Globulin
Other Immunomodulators
Summary
Chapter 38. Complementary and Alternative Medications
Problems Associated With CAMs
Misconceptions About CAM Safety
Failure to Report CAM Use
Lack of Standards for Quality and Purity of CAMs
Delayed Use of Conventional Medications
Potential Adverse Effects of CAMs
Specific CAMs
Bee Venom
Echinacea
Garlic
Ginger
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginseng
Glucosamine and Chondroitin
Kava
Melatonin
Saw Palmetto
St. John’s Wort
Valerian
Vitamins and Minerals
Vitamins
Minerals
Summary
Appendix A Drugs Administered by Iontophoresis and Phonophoresis
Appendix B Drugs of Abuse
Appendix C Answers to Case Study Questions
Glossary
Index