Paleoethnobotany

Höfundur: Deborah Pearsall (Útgáfa: 3)
Paleoethnobotany

Kaup valmöguleikar

This new edition of the definitive work on doing paleoethnobotany brings the book up to date by incorporating new methods and examples of research, while preserving the overall organization and approach of the book to facilitate its use as a textbook. In addition to updates on the comprehensive discussions of macroremains, pollen, and phytoliths, this edition includes a chapter on starch analysis, the newest tool in the paleoethnobotanist's research kit.

Other highlights include updated case studies; expanded discussions of deposition and preservation of archaeobotanical remains; updated historical overviews; new and updated techniques and approaches, including insights from experimental and ethnoarchaeological studies; and a current listing of electronic resources. Extensively illustrated, this will be the standard work on paleoethnobotany for a generation.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Taylor & Francis
ISBN
9781315423074
Print ISBN
9781611322989
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
3
Höfundar
Deborah Pearsall
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2016-06-16
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover Page
  • Half Title Page
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Contents
  • Dedication
  • List of illustrations
  • Preface to the Third Edition
  • Preface to the Second Edition
  • Preface to the First Edition
  • Chapter One The Paleoethnobotanical Approach
  • Introduction
  • Historical Overview
  • Nature and Status of Ethnobotany
  • Chapter Two Deposition, Preservation, and Recovery of Macroremains
  • Introduction
  • Deposition and Preservation of Macroremains
  • Deposition of Macroremains
  • Preservation of Macroremains
  • In Situ Collection of Macroremains
  • Screening Techniques
  • Water Recovery: Flotation Techniques
  • Terminology
  • Development of Flotation in the New World
  • Development of Flotation in the Old World
  • Machine-Assisted Flotation in North America
  • Building and Operating Flotation Systems: Sample Designs
  • Manual Flotation
  • Machine-Assisted Flotation: Water Separators and SMAP Machines
  • Machine-Assisted Flotation: Froth Flotation
  • Sampling for Macroremains
  • Strategies for Sampling
  • Sampling Techniques
  • Hints for Good Sampling
  • Issues and Directions in Recovery of Macroremains
  • Choosing a Recovery System
  • Problem Soils
  • Chemical Flotation
  • Testing Flotation Recovery Rates
  • Saltwater Flotation
  • Chapter Three Identification and Interpretation of Macroremains
  • Introduction
  • Initial Processing of Samples
  • Basic Hand-Sorting Procedures
  • Subsampling Large Flotation Samples
  • Alternatives to Hand Sorting
  • Sorting Desiccated and Waterlogged Samples
  • Building a Comparative Collection
  • Plant-Collecting Procedures
  • Pressing and Drying Specimens
  • Identification of Comparative Materials
  • Preparing a Working Laboratory Collection
  • Basic Identification Techniques
  • Seeds
  • Fruits and Nuts
  • Wood
  • Roots and Tubers
  • Fibers, Leaves, and Nonwoody Stems
  • Cultivated Plant Material
  • Specialized Identification Techniques
  • Embedding, Sectioning, and Grinding
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Morphometric Analysis
  • Residue Analyses
  • Presenting and Interpreting Results
  • Approaches to Interpretation
  • Qualitative Presentation
  • Quantitative Analysis
  • Reporting Results
  • Case Study 1: Dung Fuel or the Broad-Spectrum Revolution: Interpreting Seed Data from Ali Kosh and Abu Hureyra
  • 2014 Case Study 1 Update
  • Case Study 2: There Is More to Food Than Diet: Foodways and Political and Social Change in the Americas
  • Issues and Directions in Macroremain Analysis
  • Interpretation and Macroremain Deposition and Preservation
  • The Meaning of Abundance Measures
  • Proof and Falsification
  • The Roles of Macroremain Analysis in Paleoethnobotany
  • Chapter 4 Pollen Analysis
  • Introduction
  • Nature and Production of Pollen
  • Pollen Development
  • Pollen Grain Structure
  • Pollen Dispersal Mechanisms
  • History of Pollen Analysis
  • Pollen Deposition and Preservation
  • Pollen Deposition
  • Pollen Preservation
  • Field Sampling
  • Sampling Strategies
  • Taking Soil and Sediment Samples
  • Sampling Modern Vegetation
  • Laboratory Analysis
  • Sampling a Core
  • Soil Extraction Techniques
  • Processing Coprolites
  • Processing Floral Specimens
  • Mounting Slides
  • Counting and Identifying Pollen
  • Presenting and Interpreting Results
  • Presenting Data
  • Interpreting Sedimentary Data
  • Interpreting Archaeological Pollen Data
  • Issues and Directions in Archaeological Pollen Analysis
  • Preservation
  • Context and Sampling Issues
  • Methodological Concerns
  • The Roles of Pollen Analysis in Archaeology and Paleoethnobotany
  • Chapter 5 Phytolith Analysis
  • Introduction
  • Nature and Occurrence of Phytoliths
  • Phytolith Formation
  • Occurrence and Characteristics of Phytoliths
  • Phytoliths and Archaeology: A Brief History
  • Phytolith Deposition and Preservation
  • Phytolith Deposition
  • Phytolith Preservation
  • Field Sampling
  • Sampling Soil and Sediments
  • Sampling Vegetation
  • Laboratory Analysis
  • Phytolith Laboratory
  • Processing Procedures for Soil and Sediment
  • Processing Comparative Plant Material
  • Scanning, Counting, and Identifying Phytoliths
  • Presenting and Interpreting Results
  • Presenting Results
  • Interpreting Phytolith Data
  • Issues and Directions in Phytolith Analysis
  • Phytolith Production Patterns
  • Development of Standard Practices
  • Understanding Phytolith Deposition and Preservation
  • The Roles of Phytolith Analysis in Archaeology and Paleoethnobotany
  • Chapter 6 Starch Analysis
  • Introduction
  • Nature and Production of Starch
  • History of Starch Analysis
  • Starch Deposition and Preservation
  • Deposition of Starch
  • Preservation of Starch
  • Field Sampling
  • Sediment Sampling
  • Collecting Artifacts for Starch Analysis
  • Laboratory Analysis
  • Sampling Artifacts for Starch
  • Extracting Starch from Residues and Sediments
  • Sampling Comparative Plant Material
  • Mounting Slides
  • Counting and Identifying Starch
  • Presenting and Interpreting Results
  • Presentation of Results
  • Interpreting Starch Data
  • Issues and Directions in Archaeological Starch Analysis
  • Understanding Modes of Starch Preservation and Modification
  • Recovering Starch from Sediments and Residues
  • Quantification
  • Comparative Studies
  • The Roles of Starch Research in Archaeology and Paleoethnobotany
  • Chapter 7 Integrating Biological Data
  • Part I: Indicators of Diet and Health
  • Introduction
  • Indirect Dietary Indicators
  • Direct Indicators
  • Part II: The Interplay of Dietary Indicators
  • Predictions from Dietary Indicators
  • Combined Indicators for Eight Neotropical Diets
  • From Model to Reality: Two Archaeological Case Studies
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Index
  • List of Contributors