Nursing Knowledge
Kaup valmöguleikar
Nurses who conduct research have a longstanding interest in questions of nursing knowledge. Nursing Knowledge is a clear and well-informed exposition of the philosophical background to nursing theory and research. Nursing Knowledge answers such fundamental questions as: How is nursing theory related to nursing practice? What are the core elements of nursing knowledge? What makes nursing research distinctive as nursing research? It examines the history of the philosophical debates within nursing, critiques the arguments, explains the implications and sets out to rethink the philosophical foundation of nursing science.
Nursing Knowledge begins with philosophical problems that arise within nursing science. It then considers various solutions with the help of philosophical ideas arguingargues that nurses ought to adopt certain philosophical positions because they are the best solutions to the problems that nurses encounter. The book argues claims that the nursing standpoint has the potential to disclose a more complete understanding of human health than the common disease-and-dysfunction views.
Because of the relationship to practice, nursing science may freely draw theory from other disciplines and nursing practice unifies nursing research. By redefining theory and philosophy,With a new philosophical perspective on nursing science, the so-called relevance gap between nursing theory and practice can be closed. The final chapter of the book ‘redraws the map’, to create a new picture of nursing science based on the following principles: Problems of practice should guide nursing research Practice and theory are dynamically related Theory research must provide the knowledge base necessary for nurse interventions, training, patient education, etc.
Nursing research should develop midrange theories and its results are nursing theory is strengthened when it uses theories confirmed by is integrated with other disciplines Key features Clear and accessibly written Accurate and philosophically well-informed, Discusses philosophical problems in contexts familiar to nurses Systematically examines the philosophical issues involved in nursing research Examines epistemology (how we know what we know), theory development, and the philosophical foundations of scientific methodology.
Develops a new model of nursing knowledge Dr. Mark Risjord is Associate Professor in Philosophy at Emory University, and has a faculty appointment in the Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing. His main research areas have been in the philosophy of social science and the philosophy of medicine. He was invited to has been teaching philosophy of science and theory development in the new PhD program in the Nell Hodgson School of Nursing at Emory University insince 1999.
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- Wiley Professional, Reference & Trade (Wiley K&L)
- 9781444358605
- 9781405184342
- ePub
- 1
- Mark Risjord
- English
- 2011-08-26
- 100
- 10
- 2
Kaflar
- COVER
- TITLE
- COPYRIGHT
- PREFACE
- FOREWORD
- PART I: NURSING KNOWLEDGE AND THE CHALLENGE OF RELEVANCE
- Introduction to Part I
- Nursing knowledge
- Two kinds of theory-practice gap
- Philosophy of nursing science
- 1: Prehistory of the problem
- The domain of nursing
- Professionalization and the translation gap
- Nursing education reform in the United States
- Nursing research begins
- A philosophy of nursing
- What would a nursing science look like?
- Nursing theory and nursing knowledge
- Conclusion: the relevance gap appears
- 2: Opening the relevance gap
- Two conceptions of nursing science
- The demise of practice theory
- The consensus emerges
- The relevance gap
- Conclusion: the relevance gap endures
- 3: Toward a philosophy of nursing science
- Philosophical questions about nursing
- Science, value, and the nursing standpoint
- Theory, science, and nursing knowledge
- Conclusion: closing the gap
- PART II: VALUES AND THE NURSING STANDPOINT
- Introduction to Part II
- 4: Practice values and the disciplinary knowledge base
- Dickoff and James’ practice theory
- Values and theory testing
- Challenges to Dickoff and James’ criteria
- Beckstrand’s critique
- Carper’s fact-value distinction
- Problems with patterns
- Conclusion: fact and value in nursing knowledge
- 5: Models of value-laden science
- The Johnson model: nursing values as guides for theory
- Constitutive and contextual values
- Constitutive values in science: Kuhn’s argument
- Epistemic and moral/political values
- Models of value-laden inquiry
- Value-laden concepts in nursing inquiry
- Conclusion: constitutive moral and political values in nursing inquiry
- 6: Standpoint epistemology and nursing knowledge
- Social role and epistemic privilege
- Feminist appropriation of standpoint epistemology
- Generalizing standpoints
- Knowledge and the division of labor in health care Nursing knowledge and nursing roles
- Conclusion: nursing knowledge as an epistemic standpoint
- 7: The nursing standpoint
- Top-down and bottom-up views of nursing
- The philosophical questions revisited
- Questions and concerns
- Conclusion: science and standpoint
- PART III: NURSING THEORY AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Introduction to Part III
- 8: Logical positivism and mid-century philosophy of science
- Some history and terminology
- Conceptions of theory in nursing
- Theories and axiom systems Euclid and Newton
- Theory structure: the received view
- Explanation and confirmation
- Conclusion: logical positivism and scientific knowledge
- 9: Echoes in nursing
- Did logical positivism influence nursing?
- The metaparadigm of nursing
- Levels of theory
- Borrowed theory
- Conclusion: the relevance gap and the philosophy of science
- 10: Rejecting the received view
- Holistic confirmation
- Failure of the theory-observation distinction
- Levels of theory and interdisciplinary research
- Conclusion: rejecting the received view of nursing science
- PART IV: THE IDEA OF A NURSING SCIENCE
- Introduction to Part IV
- 11: Postnursing theory inquiry
- Passion for substance
- Situation-specific theories
- Postnursing theory inquiry
- Research example: mastectomy
- Research example: pain management
- Breakthrough research and situation-specific theory
- Conclusion: revisioning nursing theory
- 12: The structure of theory
- Walls and webs
- Questions and answers
- Breakthrough research revisited
- Borrowed theory
- Conclusion: piecing the quilt
- 13: Models, mechanisms, and middle-range theory
- What is middle-range theory?
- An old, new definition of middle-range theory
- The semantic conception and the received view
- Middle-range theories as theoretical models
- Interlevel models in nursing science
- Theoretical models and explanatory coherence
- Holism, reductionism, and the nursing standpoint
- Conclusion: causal models and nursing science
- PART V: CONCEPTS AND THEORIES
- Introduction to Part V
- 14: Consequences of contextualism
- Concepts: theory-formed or theory-forming?
- Public and personal concepts
- The priority of theory
- Contextualism and realism
- Concept analysis and borrowed theory
- Conclusion: philosophical foundations of multifaceted concepts
- 15: Conceptual models and the fate of grand theory
- Models and theories
- The orientation and abstraction pictures
- Arguments against the abstraction picture
- Advantages of the orientation picture
- Rereading the early theorists
- Models of nursing and models for nursing
- Conceptual models as nursing philosophy
- Philosophical criticism of conceptual models
- Conclusion: science, practice, and philosophy
- PART VI: PARADIGM, THEORY, AND METHOD
- Introduction to Part VI
- Terminological preliminaries
- 16: The rise of qualitative research
- Making space for qualitative methodology: Carper, Benner, and Watson
- The triangulation problem
- Two paradigms of nursing inquiry
- Conclusion: method, theory, and paradigm
- 17: What is a paradigm?
- Components of a paradigm
- Incommensurability
- Pulling paradigms apart
- Against paradigms
- Conclusion: nursing science without paradigms
- 18: Methodological separatism and reconciliation
- Reality and realities
- Objective and subjective
- Deduction and induction
- Reductionism and value-freedom
- The unity of nursing knowledge
- Reconciling qualitative and quantitative research
- Conclusion: local methodological decision-making
- PART VII: CONCLUSION
- 19: Redrawing the map
- Theory
- Professional values and disciplinary knowledge
- Nursing knowledge and the relevance gap
- New maps, new directions
- REFERENCES
- INDEX