Natural Hazard Mitigation

Höfundar: David Godschalk; Timothy Beatley; Philip Berke; David Brower; Edward J. Kaiser (Útgáfa: 0)
Natural Hazard Mitigation

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The first half of the 1990s saw the largest and most costly floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes in the history of the United States. While natural hazards cannot be prevented, their human impacts can be greatly reduced through advance action that mitigates risks and reduces vulnerability. Natural Hazard Mitigation describes and analyzes the way that hazard mitigation has been carried out in the U.

S. under our national disaster law, the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. It is the first systematic study of the complete intergovernmental system for natural hazard mitigation, including its major elements and the linkages among them. The book: analyzes the effectiveness of the Stafford Act and investigates what is contained in state hazard mitigation plans required by the Act studies how federal hazard mitigation funds have been spent explores what goes into decision making following a major disaster looks at how government mitigation officials rate the effectiveness of the mitigation system suggests changes that could help solve the widely recognized problems with current methods of coping with disasters Damages from natural disasters are reaching catastrophic proportions, making natural hazard mitigation an important national policy issue.

The findings and recommendations presented in this volume should help to strengthen natural hazard mitigation policy and practice, thereby serving to reduce drains on the federal treasury that pay for preventable recovery and relief costs, and to spare residents in areas hit by natural disasters undue suffering and expense. It is an informative and eye-opening study for planners, policymakers, students of planning and geography, and professionals working for government agencies that deal with natural hazards.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Princeton University Press
ISBN
9781610912891
Print ISBN
9781559636025
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
0
Höfundar
David Godschalk; Timothy Beatley; Philip Berke; David Brower; Edward J. Kaiser
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2013-04-09
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • About Island Press
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Figures
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgment
  • PART I - Coping with Floods Earthquakes, and Hurricanes: U.S. Hazard Mitigation Policy
  • CHAPTER 1 - Mitigating Natural Hazards: A National Challenge
  • Importance of Natural Hazard Mitigation
  • Natural Hazard Mitigation Policy Framework
  • Assessing the Effectiveness of Hazard Mitigation
  • Structure of the Book
  • Notes
  • References
  • CHAPTER 2 - Evolving Mitigation Policy Directions
  • History and Evolution of Mitigation and Disaster Assistance Policy
  • Critically Assessing the Current Framework
  • Recent Legislative and Policy Development Activity
  • Major Trends in Mitigation Policy; Common Themes in the Debate
  • Conclusions
  • Notes
  • References
  • PART II - Mitigation in Action: Six Disaster Cases
  • An Overview of the Six Disaster Cases
  • Mitigation Planning Lessons
  • Lessons in Mitigation Project Implementation
  • Lessons in Mitigation Strategy
  • Lessons in Institutional Arrangements for Mitigation
  • Conclusions
  • Reference
  • CHAPTER 3 - Florida After Hurricane Andrew
  • The Hurricane Event
  • Damage Costs from Andrew
  • A Vulnerable South Florida
  • The Pre-Andrew Planning and Mitigation Framework
  • Response and Recovery from the Storm
  • Mitigation Activities and Opportunities
  • Key Policy Issues Emerging After the Storm
  • Recent Initiatives and Future Directions in Florida
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • Florida Update
  • Note
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • CHAPTER 4 - Missouri After the Midwest Floods of 1993
  • The Disaster Events
  • Missouri’s 1994 Section 409 Plan
  • Missouri’s Hazard Mitigation Planning and Implementation Process
  • Results
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • 1997 Update
  • Notes
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • CHAPTER 5 - Iowa After the Midwest Floods of 1993
  • The Disaster Events
  • Iowa’s Section 409 Plan
  • Iowa’s Hazard Mitigation Planning and Implementation Process
  • Results
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • 1997 Update
  • Acknowledgments
  • Note
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • CHAPTER 6 - California After the Loma Prieta and Northridge Earthquakes
  • Two Earthquake Disasters
  • California’s Section 409 Plan
  • California’s Earthquake Mitigation Planning and Implementation Process
  • Influence on Recovery and Mitigation
  • Results
  • Issues
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • Acknowledgments
  • Note
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • CHAPTER 7 - Massachusetts After Hurricane Bob and Other Storms
  • The Disaster Event’s
  • Massachusetts’s 1993 Section 409 Plan
  • Massachusetts’s Hazard Mitigation Planning and Implementation Process
  • Results
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • Note
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • CHAPTER 8 - Tennessee After a Series of Floods and Storms
  • The Disaster Events
  • Tennessee’s 1994 Section 409 Plan
  • Tennessee’s Hazard Mitigation Planning and Implementation Process
  • Results
  • Conclusions and Recommendations
  • 1997 Update
  • Note
  • References
  • Persons Interviewed
  • PART III - Assessing the National Mitigation System
  • CHAPTER 9 - State Hazard Mitigation Plans: Falling Short of Their Potential
  • Collecting and Evaluating the Plans: Study Methodology
  • Question One: Are the Requirements of the Stafford Act Being Met?
  • Question Two: What Are the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Plans?
  • Summary of Problems with Most State Hazard Mitigation Plans
  • Recommendations for Making Better State Hazard Mitigation Plans
  • Note
  • Reference
  • Appendix 9.A: Section 409 Plan Collection
  • Appendix 9.B. Guide for Describing and Evaluating Section 409 Plans
  • Description of the Guide
  • How the Guide Was Created and Applied
  • Guide for Describing and Evaluating Section 409 Plans
  • CHAPTER 10 - The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program: Scattered Spending
  • The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP)
  • Building a Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Funding Database
  • Section 404 Program Expenditure Patterns, 1988—1995
  • Policy Implications
  • Reinventing the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
  • Notes
  • References
  • APPENDIX 10.A - Summary of HMGP Applications and Funds for All Declared Disasters by Disaster Type, 11/24/88-4/21/95 (FEMA-818-DR-NC-FEMA-1047-DR-AL)
  • APPENDIX 10.B - Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Project Categories
  • CHAPTER 11 - State Implementation of Natural Disaster Mitigation Policy: A Flowed System
  • The Stafford Act Framework
  • Conceptual Framework of an Intergovernmental System for Mitigation Planning
  • Assessing Linkages: Analytic Methods
  • Findings
  • Implications for Reforming Natural Disaster Mitigation Policy
  • Notes
  • References
  • PART IV - Recanting the National Mitigation System
  • CHAPTER 12 - Ethical Guidelines for Hazard Mitigation
  • Understanding Mitigation Ethics
  • Ethical Roles and Responsibilities
  • Competing Values in Mitigation
  • Fairness in Mitigation
  • Ethical Aspects of Mitigation Analyses
  • Guidelines for Ethical Mitigation
  • Notes
  • References
  • CHAPTER 13 - Natural Hazard Mitigation: Planning for Sustainable Communities
  • Sustainable Communities: The New Vision for Natural Hazard Mitigation
  • Breaking Through to Sustainability: Summary of Recommendations
  • Reforming the Intergovernmental Mitigation System
  • Reforming Mitigation Policy
  • Reforming Mitigation Practice
  • Conclusion: Creating a Supportive Climate for Mitigation
  • Postscript
  • References
  • About the Authors
  • Index
  • Island Press Board of Directors