Knowledge
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What is knowledge? How does it differ from mere belief? Do you need to be able to justify a claim in order to count as knowing it? How can we know that the outer world is real and not a dream? Questions like these are ancient ones, and the branch of philosophy dedicated to answering them - epistemology - has been active for thousands of years. In this thought-provoking Very Short Introduction, Jennifer Nagel considers these classic questions alongside new puzzles arising from recent discoveries about humanity, language, and the mind.
Nagel explains the formation of major historical theories of knowledge, and shows how contemporary philosophers have developed new ways of understanding knowledge, using ideas from logic, linguistics, and psychology. Covering topics ranging from relativism and the problem of scepticism to the trustworthiness of internet sources, Nagel examines how progress has been made in understanding knowledge, using everyday examples to explain the key issues and debates ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area.
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- Oxford University Press Academic UK
- 9780191637315
- 9780199661268
- ePub
- 0
- Jennifer Nagel
- English
- 2014-09-25
- 100
- 2
- 2
Kaflar
- Cover page
- Halftitle page
- Series page
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- List of illustrations
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- Searching for knowledge
- Knowledge and the knower
- Spotting the difference
- Knowing vs thinking
- Chapter 2 Scepticism
- Can you be sure?
- The historical roots of scepticism
- Old challenges, fresh replies
- Chapter 3 Rationalism and empiricism
- The Early Modern period
- The Rationalism of René Descartes
- The Empiricism of John Locke
- Chapter 4 The analysis of knowledge
- Gettier’s challenge
- The causal theory of knowledge
- No way out?
- Can knowing be analysed at all?
- Chapter 5 Internalism and externalism
- The first-person point of view
- Nozick’s tracking theory
- The Generality Problem
- Questionable methods
- Chapter 6 Testimony
- They told you so
- No way to know
- The middle ground: reductionism
- Testimony as a distinctive source of knowledge
- Chapter 7 Shifting standards?
- Counting on context
- The emergence of contextualism
- Interest-relative invariantism
- Old-fashioned invariantism, again?
- Chapter 8 Knowing about knowing
- Epistemology’s raw materials
- Reading minds
- Challenges to the case method
- Impressions of knowledge, and knowledge itself
- References
- Further reading
- Index
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