Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500

Höfundar: Wim Blockmans; Peter Hoppenbrouwers (Útgáfa: 4)
Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500

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Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500 provides a comprehensive survey of this complex and varied formative period of European history within a global context, covering themes as diverse as barbarian migrations, the impact of Christianisation, the formation of nations and states, the emergence of an expansionist commercial economy, the growth of cities, the Crusades, the effects of plague and the intellectual and cultural dynamism of the Middle Ages.

The book explores the driving forces behind the formation of medieval society and the directions in which it developed and changed. In doing this, the authors cover a wide geographic expanse, including Western interactions with the Byzantine Empire, the Islamic World, North Africa and Asia. This fourth edition has been fully updated to reflect moves toward teaching the Middle Ages in a global context and contains a wealth of new features and topics that help to bring this fascinating era to life, including: West Europe’s catching up through intensive exchange with the Mediterranean Islamic world growth of autonomous cities and civic liberties emergence of an empirical and rational worldview climate change and intercontinental pandemics European exchange with Africa and Asia chapter introductions to support students’ understanding of the topics a fully updated glossary to give modern students the confidence and language to discuss medieval history Clear and stimulating, the fourth edition of Introduction to Medieval Europe is the ideal companion to studying the entirety of medieval history at undergraduate level.

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Útgefandi
Taylor & Francis
ISBN
9781000871951
Print ISBN
9781032035413
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
4
Höfundar
Wim Blockmans; Peter Hoppenbrouwers
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2023-08-07
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover
  • Half Title
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Table of Contents
  • List of illustrations
  • List of boxes
  • Illustration acknowledgements
  • Introduction
  • The Middle Ages as a period in European history
  • The terms ‘Middle Ages’, ‘humanism’ and ‘Renaissance’
  • The Middle Ages: continuity and change
  • The Middle Ages: cultural diversity
  • Which Europe?
  • Contested areas and new questions
  • Medievalism
  • The book’s arrangement
  • Part I The early Middle Ages, 300–1000
  • 1 The end of the Roman Empire in the West
  • Governing an empire
  • Government structure and bureaucracy
  • Emperor and court
  • Local government
  • Taxation and fiscal policy
  • The Roman army and the frontier
  • Economic structure and prosperity
  • The barbarian world of the North
  • The collapse of the Roman order in the West
  • The early Migration Period
  • The later Migration Period
  • Migrations and ethnogenesis
  • The barbarian kingdoms in the West
  • The nature of barbarian settlement
  • Segregation or integration?
  • Proto-nation formation
  • Polities outside the former Roman Empire
  • Balance: the end of Roman civilisation?
  • The survival of the Roman Empire in the East
  • Justinian
  • Implosion and consolidation
  • Renewed expansion
  • 2 The establishment of two world religions: Christianity and Islam
  • The Christian Church in the transition from Antiquity to the Middle Ages
  • The relationship between Emperor and Pope
  • Material wealth, accumulation and distribution
  • Church organisation
  • The clergy and its tasks
  • Church hierarchy: episcopate and diocese
  • Metropolitans and archbishops, patriarchs and popes
  • Parishes
  • Church councils
  • Monasticism
  • Orthodoxy and heterodoxy
  • The heterodoxies of Donatus and Pelagius
  • The iconoclast controversy
  • Saints and miracles
  • Spreading the faith
  • Missions and conversion
  • Christianisation and syncretism
  • The rise of Islam and the establishment of the Arab Empire
  • Dissension and the origins of Shi’ism
  • The nature of Arab occupation
  • The Abbasid Revolution
  • 3 The powerful and the poor: society and economy in the Frankish kingdoms and beyond
  • Early medieval society
  • Warlords to landlords
  • Aristocratic values: allegiance and commendation
  • Aristocratic values: honour and blood
  • The social position of ordinary free men
  • Grundherrschaft, serfdom and slavery
  • Large landownership and manorialism
  • Trade and gift-exchange
  • Reciprocity and redistribution
  • Traders, trade routes and trading posts
  • Early medieval politics: the Carolingian core
  • Frankish royal dynasties and the Carolingian century
  • Military conquest and the Frankish armies
  • An incipient state
  • Creating loyalty: oaths of allegiance, vassals and benefices
  • The fiction of a united empire
  • Dynamic peripheries
  • The British Isles and Viking Scandinavia
  • Slav principalities
  • Moorish Iberia
  • Part II The Central Middle Ages, 1000–1300
  • 4 Early kingdoms and principalities
  • Charlemagne’s legacy
  • What became of the East Frankish and West Frankish kingdoms
  • The German kingship
  • The restoration of Roman emperorship
  • The imperial Church and the contest for supreme power
  • The Norman intrusion into southern Italy
  • The Mediterranean ambitions of the Hohenstaufen
  • Vassal states in central Europe
  • France: the concentric model
  • The making of England
  • The Norman Conquest
  • The Anarchy and the House of Plantagenet
  • Scandinavia
  • Iberia
  • The institutionalisation of the state
  • The sacralisation of kingship
  • Early states as feudal states
  • Servants of the state
  • The king and his court
  • 5 Accelerated growth
  • Population growth
  • Volume and nature of agricultural production
  • The commercialisation of the countryside
  • New types of local lordship
  • Local lordships and castles
  • Local lordship bridled by feudalisation
  • Local lordship bridled by the decline of manorialism
  • Knights and peasants: image and reality
  • Horsemen become knights
  • Knighthood and chivalry
  • Chivalry and courtliness: new rules for moving in high circles
  • Knighthood and nobility: ranking and closure
  • Peasants and village communities
  • 6 Religious reform and renewal
  • Aspirations to reform
  • Pope versus emperor: the investiture controversy
  • The reform programme
  • The impulse for the Crusades
  • Papal claims to the highest authority in the world
  • The papal monarchy
  • Reformation and renewal in monastic life
  • Cluny and the Ecclesia Cluniacensis
  • The new orders
  • Vita apostolica, imitatio Christi and the new spirituality
  • The mendicants
  • The faithful become visible
  • God’s peace and God’s truce
  • The formation of a persecuting society
  • Among the believers
  • Pastoral care
  • Churches as the visualisation of Christian knowledge
  • Part III Expansion and maturation, 1000–1500
  • 7 The beginnings of European expansion
  • The West becomes more aggressive
  • Clashes of civilisations
  • Greeks, Turks and Egyptians
  • The multicultural Near East
  • Crusades, crusader states and Western colonies in the East
  • The later crusades
  • Far East meets West: the Mongol invasions
  • The Baltic Crusades
  • Expansion and trade
  • Europe and the First World System
  • Europe’s Commercial Revolution
  • Mediterranean colonialism and the revival of the slave trade
  • Key innovations of the Commercial Revolution
  • The transport revolution
  • Forms of association
  • Trading Posts
  • Fairs
  • Companies
  • Bills of exchange
  • Accountancy
  • A negative balance of payments
  • 8 Thinking about man and the world
  • The medieval view of the world and mankind
  • Greek origins
  • Athens and Jerusalem
  • The heavy burden of auctoritas
  • The higher education programme of Late Antiquity and its survival in the early Middle Ages
  • The Carolingian Renaissance
  • The rationalist turn and the twelfth-century Renaissance
  • Making sense of the world in new ways
  • The formation of universities
  • University scholarship in action: grades, curriculum, teaching methods
  • The ‘war between science and religion’
  • The humanism of the late Middle Ages
  • Studia humanitatis and the new humanism in Italy
  • The new humanism outside Italy
  • 9 Towns and the urbanisation of medieval society
  • The phenomenon of the pre-industrial town
  • The scale of towns and of urbanisation
  • The morphology of the medieval town
  • The beginnings of urban society
  • Merchant guilds and urban patriciates
  • Political participation of the middle classes
  • Autonomy and liberty
  • Urban law and privileges
  • Urban government and public order
  • Common good and public health
  • Urban networks and hierarchies
  • Urban society and economy in the later Middle Ages
  • A burgher world view
  • Professional structures
  • Craft guilds and guild regimes
  • Corporative organisation
  • Class conflict
  • Political participation
  • Corporative protectionism
  • Part IV The Late Middle Ages, 1300–1500
  • 10 Between crisis and contraction: population, economy and society
  • War, famine and pestilence
  • Famines and subsistence crises
  • The damage and suffering of war
  • The Black Death and its echo epidemics
  • Demographic decline and economic development
  • The agrarian crisis of the late Middle Ages
  • Symptoms
  • Solutions
  • Economic crisis or contraction?
  • Characteristics of late medieval society
  • Openness and closure
  • The position of women
  • Social contrasts and social conflicts
  • Town and country
  • Social conflict and revolt in the late Middle Ages
  • Peasant uprisings
  • Urban revolts
  • A new culture of revolt?
  • A world of ubiquitous poverty
  • 11 The consolidation of states
  • From suzerainty to sovereignty
  • The course of events
  • State-making and nation building through warfare: English and French kingship united?
  • The Holy Roman Empire and Italy: stalemate
  • Iberia: kings and cortes
  • Scandinavian dynastic unions
  • Central Europe and the Baltic
  • Riurikid Russia
  • The end of Byzantium and the formation of the Ottoman Empire
  • Driving forces in the consolidation of states
  • Dynasties, territories, institutions, nations
  • War
  • State institutions and growth of government
  • Supreme law courts
  • Bureaucratisation
  • Taxation
  • The state’s subjects
  • Orders of chivalry
  • Balance of power
  • 12 Crisis in the Church and the reorientation of the faithful
  • Who leads Christendom?
  • Spiritual and secular power
  • The popes in Avignon and the bureaucratisation of the Curia
  • The Great Schism and the conciliar movement
  • Religious life
  • Observance and devotion
  • Mysticism
  • The ordinary believers
  • Popular devotion
  • Room for unbelief?
  • Epilogue
  • Europe’s position at the end of the Middle Ages globally compared
  • Europe accelerates
  • The medieval roots of modern culture
  • Timeline
  • Glossary
  • Bibliography of secondary literature
  • Index