Health Economics and Financing

Höfundar: Thomas E. Getzen; Michael S. Kobernick (Útgáfa: 6)
Health Economics and Financing

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The latest edition of the gold standard in the economics and financing of health care In the newly revised Sixth Edition of Health Economics and Financing, an expert team of authors delivers an authoritative discussion of key topics in the economic and finance issues relevant to health care. From cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses to the economic considerations driving the choices of physicians, hospitals, and pharmaceutical companies, the book explores the influence of financial considerations - both public and private - that remain front-of-mind for modern health care decision makers.

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Útgefandi
Wiley Global Education US
ISBN
9781119788577
Print ISBN
9781119815686
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
6
Höfundar
Thomas E. Getzen; Michael S. Kobernick
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
01/2022
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
10
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright
  • Dedication
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • About the Authors
  • Foreword
  • 1 Choices: Money, Medicine, and Health
  • 1.1 What Is Economics?
  • 1.2 The Flow of Funds
  • 1.3 Economic Principles as Conceptual Tools
  • 1.4 Health Disparities
  • 1.5 Whose Choices: Personal, Group, or Public?
  • 1.6 Social Science and Rational Choice Theory
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 2 Demand and Supply
  • 2.1 The Demand Curve
  • 2.2 The Supply Curve
  • 2.3 Price Sensitivity
  • 2.4 Is Money the Only Price?
  • 2.5 Inputs and Production Functions
  • 2.6 Markets: The Intersection of Demand and Supply
  • 2.7 Need versus Demand
  • 2.8 Social Determinants of Health (SDoH)
  • 2.9 Efficiency
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 3 Cost‐Benefit and Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis
  • 3.1 Cost‐Benefit Analysis Is about Making Choices
  • 3.2 Maximization: Finding the Optimum
  • 3.3 The Value of Life
  • 3.4 Quality‐Adjusted Life Years (QALYs)
  • 3.5 CBA and Public Policy Decision Making
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 4 Financing Medical Care: Health Insurance Contracts: Managed Care
  • 4.1 Methods for Covering Risks
  • 4.2 Insurance Definitions
  • 4.3 Insurance: Third‐Party Payment
  • 4.4 Sources of Insurance
  • 4.5 Contracting and Payments
  • 4.6 Managed Care
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 5 Physicians
  • 5.1 Financing Physician Services: Revenues
  • 5.2 Physician Incomes
  • 5.3 Physician Financing: Expenses
  • 5.4 The Medical Transaction
  • 5.5 Uncertainty
  • 5.6 Licensure: Quality or Profits?
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 6 Medical Education, Organization, and Business Practices
  • 6.1 Medical Education
  • 6.2 Licensure and Healthcare Provider Supply
  • 6.3 Group Practice: How Organization and Technology Affect Transactions
  • 6.4 Kickbacks, Self‐Dealing, and Side Payments
  • 6.5 Price Discrimination
  • 6.6 Practice Variations
  • 6.7 Choices by and for Physicians
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 7 Hospitals
  • 7.1 From Charitable Institutions to Corporate Chains: Development of the Modern Hospital
  • 7.2 Hospital Financing: Revenues
  • 7.3 Hospital Financing: Expenses
  • 7.4 Financial Management and Cost Shifting
  • 7.5 How Do Hospitals Compete?
  • 7.6 Organization: Who Controls the Hospital and for What Ends?
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 8 Management and Regulation of Hospital Costs
  • 8.1 Why Do Some Hospitals Cost More than Others?
  • 8.2 How Management Controls Costs
  • 8.3 Conflict between Economic Theory and Accounting Measures of per Unit Cost
  • 8.4 Economies of Scale
  • 8.5 Hospital Charges, Costs, and Prices: Confusion and Chaos
  • 8.6 Controlling Hospital Costs through Regulation
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 9 Long‐Term Care
  • 9.1 Development of the Long‐Term Care Market
  • 9.2 Age and Health Care Spending
  • 9.3 Defining LTC: Types of Care
  • 9.4 Medicaid: Nursing Homes as a Two‐Part Market
  • 9.5 Cost Control by Substitution
  • 9.6 Case‐Mix Reimbursement
  • 9.7 LTC Insurance
  • 9.8 Retirement, Assisted Living, and the Wealth Elderly
  • 9.9 Financial Reimbursement Cycles
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 10 Pharmaceuticals
  • 10.1 Pharmaceutical Revenues: Sources of Financing
  • 10.2 Uses of Funds
  • 10.3 Research and Development
  • 10.4 Pharmacoeconomics and Technology Assessment
  • 10.5 Value, Cost, and Marketing
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 11 Financing and Ownership of Health Care Providers
  • 11.1 What Is Financing?
  • 11.2 Value and Rate of Return
  • 11.3 Ownership and Agency
  • 11.4 Capital Financing: Hospitals
  • 11.5 HMO Ownership and Capital Markets: Success and Failure
  • 11.6 Entrepreneurship and Profits
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 12 History, Demography, and the Growth of Modern Medicine
  • 12.1 Economic Growth Has Determined the Shape of Health Care
  • 12.2 Birth Rates, Death Rates, and Population Growth
  • 12.3 The Stone Age
  • 12.4 The Agricultural Age
  • 12.5 The Industrial Age
  • 12.6 The Information Age
  • 12.7 The Rise of Modern Medicine
  • 12.8 The Growth of Medical Expenditures and National Health Systems
  • 12.9 Income and Health
  • 12.10 Reducing Uncertainty: The Value of Life and Economic Security
  • 12.11 Did Better Medical Care Increase Life Expectancy?
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 13 Macroeconomics of Medical Care
  • 13.1 What Is Macro?
  • 13.2 The Consumption Function
  • 13.3 Adjusting to Change: Dynamics
  • 13.4 Forecasting Future Health Expenditures
  • 13.5 Cost Controls: Spending Gaps and the Push to Regulate
  • 13.6 Workforce Dynamics: “Spending” Is Mostly Labor
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 14 The Role of Government and Public Goods
  • 14.1 The Roles of Government
  • 14.2 Government Health Financing
  • 14.3 Law and Order
  • 14.4 Public Goods and Externalities
  • 14.5 Monopoly and Market Failure
  • 14.6 Information
  • 14.7 Drugs, Sex, and War: Public Health in Action
  • 14.8 Politics, Regulation and Competition
  • 14.9 Trust, Care, and Distribution
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 15 International Comparisons of Health and Health Expenditures
  • 15.1 Wide Differences among Nations
  • 15.2 Micro versus Macro Allocation: Health as a National Luxury Good
  • 15.3 Causality: Does More Spending Improve Health?
  • 15.4 Low‐Income Countries
  • 15.5 Middle‐Income Countries
  • 15.6 High‐Income Countries
  • 15.7 The Expensive Exception: The United States
  • 15.8 International Trade in Health Care
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Summary
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • 16 Value for Money in the Future of Health Care
  • 16.1 Who Gets Healthy and Who Gets Paid?
  • 16.2 What Needs to Be Fixed?
  • 16.3 Distribution, Distribution, Distribution
  • 16.4 Spending Money or Producing Health?
  • 16.5 The Path Toward Full Coverage
  • 16.6 The Future: Population Health and the Reorganization of Medicine
  • 16.7 The Long Run: 2050 and Beyond
  • Suggestions for Further Reading
  • Problems
  • Endnotes
  • Glossary
  • Index
  • End User License Agreement