General Chemistry, Cengage International Edition

Name: General Chemistry, Cengage International Edition
Price: 4990 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: Ebbing
ISBN: 9781535885140

Höfundur: Ebbing (Útgáfa: 12)

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Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi: Cengage Learning EMEA

ISBN: 9781535885140

Print ISBN: 9798214446196

Format: Page Fidelity (PDF)

Útgáfa: 12

Höfundar: Ebbing

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 3/4/2025

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Prent takmörkun: 2

Afritunar takmörkun: 2

Flokkar: Náttúruvísindi

Efnisflokkar: Vísindi › Almennt

Kaflar

Brief Contents
Contents
Essays
Preface
A Note to Students
About the Authors
Chapter 1: Chemistry and Measurement
1.1 Modern Chemistry: A Brief Glimpse
1.2 Experiment and Explanation
1.3 Law of Conservation of Mass
1.4 Matter: Physical State and Chemical Composition
1.5 Measurement and Significant Figures
1.6 SI Units
1.7 Derived Units
1.8 Units and Dimensional Analysis (Factor-Label Method)
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
2.1 Atomic Theory of Matter
2.2 The Structure of the Atom
2.3 Nuclear Structure; Isotopes
2.4 Atomic Mass
2.5 Periodic Table of the Elements
2.6 Chemical Formulas; Molecular and Ionic Substances
2.7 Organic Compounds
2.8 Naming Simple Compounds
2.9 Writing Chemical Equations
2.10 Balancing Chemical Equations
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 3: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations
3.1 Molecular Mass and Formula Mass
3.2 The Mole Concept
3.3 Mass Percentages from the Formula
3.4 Elemental Analysis: Experimentally Determining the Percentages of Elements in a Compound
3.5 Determining Formulas
3.6 Molar Interpretation of a Chemical Equation
3.7 Amounts of Substances in a Chemical Reaction
3.8 Limiting Reactant; Theoretical and Percentage Yields
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions
4.1 Ionic Theory of Solutions and Solubility Rules
4.2 Molecular and Ionic Equations
Types of Chemical Reactions
4.3 Precipitation Reactions
4.4 Acid - Base Reactions
4.5 Oxidation - Reduction Reactions
4.6 Balancing Simple Oxidation - Reduction Equations
4.7 Molar Concentration
4.8 Diluting Solutions
4.9 Gravimetric Analysis
4.10 Volumetric Analysis
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 5: The Gaseous State
5.1 Gas Pressure and Its Measurement
5.2 Empirical Gas Laws
5.3 The Ideal Gas Law
5.4 Stoichiometry Problems Involving Gas Volumes
5.5 Gas Mixtures; Law of Partial Pressures
5.6 Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas
5.7 Molecular Velocities; Diffusion and Effusion
5.8 Real Gases
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 6: Thermochemistry
6.1 Energy and Its Units
6.2 First Law of Thermodynamics; Work and Heat
6.3 Heat of Reaction; Enthalpy of Reaction
6.4 Thermochemical Equations
6.5 Applying Stoichiometry to Heats of Reaction
A Chemist Looks at Lucifers and Other Matches
6.6 Measuring Heats of Reaction
6.7 Hess's Law
6.8 Standard Enthalpies of Formation
6.9 Sources of Energy - Foods, Fossil Fuels, and Renewable Energy
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 7: Quantum Theory of the Atom
7.1 The Wave Nature of Light
7.2 The Wave - Particle Duality of Light
7.3 Bohr's Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
7.4 The Wave - Particle Duality of Electrons
7.5 Quantum Mechanics (Wave Mechanics)
7.6 Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 8: Electron Configurations and Periodicity
8.1 Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle
8.2 Building-Up Principle and the Periodic Table
8.3 Writing Electron Configurations Using the Periodic Table
8.4 Orbital Diagrams of Atoms and Hund's Rule
8.5 Mendeleev's Predictions from the Periodic Table
8.6 Periodic Trends
8.7 Chemical and Physical Properties of the Main-Group Elements
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 9: Ionic and Covalent Bonding
9.1 Describing Ionic Bonds
9.2 Electron Configurations of Ions
9.3 Ionic Radii
9.4 Describing Covalent Bonds
9.5 Polar Covalent Bonds; Electronegativity
9.6 Lewis Structures
9.7 Delocalized Bonding and Resonance Structures
9.8 Exceptions to the Octet Rule
9.9 Formal Charge
9.10 Bond Length and Bond Order
9.11 Bond Enthalpy
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 10: Molecular Geometry and Chemical Bonding Theory
10.1 The Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model
10.2 Molecular Dipole Moment
10.3 Valence Bond Theory
10.4 Description of Multiple Bonding
10.5 Principles of Molecular Orbital Theory
10.6 Electron Configurations of Diatomic Molecules of the Second-Period Elements
10.7: Molecular Orbitals and Delocalized Bonding
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 11: States of Matter; Liquids and Solids
11.1 Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
11.2 Phase Transitions
11.3 Phase Diagrams
11.4 Properties of Liquids; Surface Tension and Viscosity
11.5 Intermolecular Forces
11.6 Classification of Solids by Type of Attraction of Units
11.7 Crystalline Solids; Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
11.8 Structures of Some Crystalline Solids
11.9 Calculations Involving Unit-Cell Dimensions
11.10 Determining Crystal Structure by X-Ray Diffraction
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 12: Solutions
12.1 Types of Solutions
12.2 Solubility and the Solution Process
12.3 Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
12.4 Ways of Expressing Concentration
12.5 Vapor Pressure of a Solution
12.6 Boiling-Point Elevation and Freezing-Point Depression
12.7 Osmosis
12.8 Colligative Properties of Ionic Solutions
12.9 Colloids
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 13: Rates of Reaction
13.1 Definition of Reaction Rate
13.2 Experimental Determination of Rate
13.3 Dependence of Rate on Concentration
13.4 Change of Concentration with Time
13.5 Temperature and Rate; Collision and Transition-State Theories
13.6 Arrhenius Equation
13.7 Elementary Reactions
13.8 The Rate Law and the Mechanism
13.9 Catalysis
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 14: Chemical Equilibrium
14.1 Chemical Equilibrium - A Dynamic Equilibrium
14.2 The Equilibrium Constant
14.3 Heterogeneous Equilibria; Solvents in Homogeneous Equilibria
14.4 Qualitatively Interpreting the Equilibrium Constant
14.5 Predicting the Direction of Reaction
14.6 Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations
14.7 Removing Products or Adding Reactants
14.8 Changing the Pressure and Temperature
14.9 Effect of a Catalyst
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 15: Acids and Bases
15.1 Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases
15.2 Bronsted - Lowry Concept of Acids and Bases
15.3 Lewis Concept of Acids and Bases
15.4 Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
15.5 Molecular Structure and Acid Strength
15.6 Autoionization of Water
15.7 Solutions of a Strong Acid or Base
15.8 The pH of a Solution
A Chemist Looks at The Sour Taste of Acidic Foods
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 16: Acid - Base Equilibria
16.1 Acid-Ionization Equilibria
16.2 Polyprotic Acids
16.3 Base-Ionization Equilibria
16.4 Acid - Base Properties of Salt Solutions
16.5 Common-Ion Effect
16.6 Buffers
16.7 Acid - Base Titration Curves
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 17: Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria
17.1 The Solubility Product Constant
17.2 Solubility and the Common-Ion Effect
17.3 Precipitation Calculations
17.4 Effect of Acid - Base Chemistry on Solubility
17.5 Complex-Ion Formation
17.6 Complex Ions and Solubility
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 18: Thermodynamics and Equilibrium
18.1 First Law of Thermodynamics: A Review
18.2 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
18.3 Standard Entropies and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
18.4 Gibbs Energy and Spontaneity
18.5 Interpretation of Gibbs Energy
18.6 Relating DeltaGDegrees to the Equilibrium Constant
18.7 Change of Gibbs Energy with Temperature
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 19: Electrochemistry
19.1 Balancing Oxidation - Reduction Reactions in Acidic and Basic Solutions
19.2 Construction of Voltaic Cells
19.3 Notation for Voltaic Cells
19.4 Cell Potential
19.5 Standard Cell Potentials and Standard Reduction Potentials
19.6 Relationship Between Cell Potential, Spontaneity, and the Equilibrium Constant
19.7 Dependence of Cell Potential on Concentration
19.8 Some Commercial Voltaic Cells
19.9 Electrolysis of Molten Salts
19.10 Aqueous Electrolysis
19.11 Stoichiometry of Electrolysis
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Concept Explorations
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 20: Nuclear Chemistry
20.1 Radioactivity
20.2 Nuclear Bombardment Reactions
20.3 Radiation and Matter: Detection and Biological Effects
20.4 Rate of Radioactive Decay
20.5 Applications of Radioactive Isotopes
20.6 Mass - Energy Calculations
20.7 Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Key Equations
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Capstone Problems
Chapter 21: Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements
21.2 Metals: Characteristics and Production
21.3 Bonding in Metals
21.4 Group 1A: The Alkali Metals
21.5 Group 2A: The Alkaline Earth Metals
21.6 Group 3A and Group 4A Metals
21.7 Bonding in Nonmetals
21.8 Hydrogen
21.9 Group 4A: The Carbon Family
21.10 Group 5A: Nitrogen and the Phosphorus Family
21.11 Group 6A: Oxygen and the Sulfur Family
21.12 Group 7A: The Halogens
21.13 Group 8A: The Noble Gases
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Chapter 22: The Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds
22.1 Periodic Trends in the Transition Elements
22.2 The Chemistry of Two Transition Elements
22.3 Formation and Structure of Complexes
22.4 Naming Coordination Compounds
22.5 Structure and Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
22.6 Valence Bond Theory of Complexes
22.7 Crystal Field Theory
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Chapter 23: Organic Chemistry
23.2 Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
23.3 Alkenes and Alkynes
23.4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons
23.5 Naming Hydrocarbons
23.6 Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
23.7 Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Chapter 24: Polymer Materials: Synthetic and Biological
24.1 Synthesis of Organic Polymers
24.2 Electrically Conducting Polymers
24.3 Proteins
24.4 Nucleic Acids
A Checklist for Review
Summary of Facts and Concepts
Important Terms
Questions and Problems
Self-Assessment and Review Questions
Conceptual Problems
Practice Problems
General Problems
Strategy Problems
Appendixes
Appendix A: Mathematical Skills
Appendix B: Vapor Pressure of Water at Various Temperatures
Appendix C: Thermodynamic Quantities for Substances and Ions at 25 Degrees Celsius
Appendix D: Electron Configurations of Atoms in the Ground State
Appendix E: Acid-Ionization Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius
Appendix F: Base-Ionization Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius
Appendix G: Solubility Product Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius
Appendix H: Formation Constants of Complex Ions at 25 Degrees Celsius
Appendix I: Standard Electrode (Reduction) Potentials in Aqueous Solution at 25Degrees Celsius
Answers to Exercises
Answers to Concept Checks
Answer Section Selected Odd Problems
Glossary
Index