Fraud Examination

Höfundar: W. Steve Albrecht, Chad O. Albrecht, Conan C. Albrecht, Mark F. Zimbelman (Útgáfa: 7)
Fraud Examination

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Learn to identify, detect, investigate and prevent financial fraud today with Albrecht/Albrecht/Albrecht/Zimbelman's Fraud Examination, 7th Edition. Develop the skills to detect fraud skills and become a better interviewer, a stronger and more skeptical document examiner, a more effective technology user and a more informed decision-maker. You gain a strong understanding of the types of fraud and nature of fraud investigation today with current business examples and numerous actual fraud cases, delivered first-hand from the authors' experience.

Fraud Examination, 7th Edition, presents today's most important fraud concepts with an emphasis on e-business and cyber fraud. Significant discussion familiarizes you with forensic analysis as well as legal options for victims of fraud. New coverage also highlights how experts use technology to accomplish fraud and detect fraud.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Cengage Learning US
ISBN
9798214048413
Print ISBN
9780357721759
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
7
Höfundar
W. Steve Albrecht, Chad O. Albrecht, Conan C. Albrecht, Mark F. Zimbelman
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2024-03-05
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover Page
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Dedication
  • About the Authors
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Part 1. Understanding and Preventing Fraud
  • Chapter 1. The Nature of Fraud
  • Seriousness of the Fraud Problem
  • What Is Fraud?
  • Charles Ponzi and the Famous Ponzi Scheme
  • Fraud, Greed, Deception, and Confidence
  • Types of Fraud
  • Employee Embezzlement
  • Vendor Fraud
  • Customer Fraud
  • Management Fraud
  • Investment Scams and Other Consumer Frauds
  • Criminal and Civil Prosecution of Fraud
  • Criminal Law
  • Civil Law
  • How to Prepare to Be a Fraud-Fighting Professional
  • Certified Fraud Examiners
  • Academic Requirements
  • Professional Requirements
  • CFE Examination
  • Fraud-Related Careers
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Debates
  • Internet Assignments
  • Chapter 2. Who Commits Fraud and Why They Commit It
  • Who Commits Fraud
  • Why People Commit Fraud
  • The First Element of the Fraud Triangle: Perceived Pressure
  • Financial Pressures
  • Vice Pressures
  • Work-Related Pressures
  • Other Pressures
  • The Second Element of the Fraud Triangle: Opportunity
  • Control Factor: Controls That Prevent and/or Detect Fraudulent Behavior
  • Summary of the Controls That Prevent or Detect Fraud
  • Non-Control Factor: Inability to Judge the Quality of Performance
  • Non-Control Factor: Failure to Discipline Fraud Perpetrators
  • Non-Control Factor: Lack of Access to Information
  • Non-Control Factor: Ignorance, Apathy, and Incapacity
  • Non-Control Factor: Lack of an Audit Trail
  • The Third Element of Fraud: Rationalization
  • Summary of the Fraud Triangle
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Exercises
  • Objective Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Extensive Cases
  • Other Fraud Assignments
  • Debate
  • Chapter 3. Fighting Fraud: An Overview
  • Knowing Different Ways That Organizations Fight Fraud
  • Fraud Prevention
  • Creating a Culture of Honesty and High Ethics
  • Assessing and Mitigating the Risk of Fraud
  • Fraud Detection
  • Fraud Investigation
  • Approaches to Fraud Investigation
  • Conducting a Fraud Investigation
  • Follow-Up Legal Action
  • Civil Action
  • Criminal Action
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Red Hat Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
  • Chapter 4. Preventing Fraud
  • Just about Everyone Can Be Dishonest
  • Creating a Culture of Honesty, Openness, and Assistance
  • Hiring Honest People and Providing Fraud Awareness Training
  • Verify Applicant’s Résumé and Application
  • Certify That Application and Résumé Are Accurate
  • Train Those Involved in the Hiring Process
  • Creating a Positive Work Environment
  • Implementing Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)
  • Eliminating Opportunities for Fraud to Occur
  • Having a Good System of Internal Controls
  • Discouraging Collusion between Employees and Others and Alerting Vendors and Contractors to Company Policies
  • Monitoring Employees and Having a Whistleblowing System
  • Creating an Expectation of Punishment
  • Conducting Proactive Fraud Auditing
  • Preventing Fraud—A Summary
  • A Comprehensive Approach to Fighting Fraud
  • Organizations and Fraud—The Current Model
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Part 2. Detecting Fraud
  • Chapter 5. Recognizing the Symptoms of Fraud
  • Symptoms of Fraud
  • Accounting Anomalies
  • Irregularities in Source Documents
  • Faulty Journal Entries
  • Inaccuracies in Ledgers
  • Internal Control Weaknesses
  • Analytical Fraud Symptoms
  • Extravagant Lifestyles
  • Unusual Behaviors
  • Tips and Complaints
  • Company Employees Are in the Best Position to Detect Fraud
  • Tips and Complaints Are Fraud Symptoms
  • New Laws Protect Whistleblowers and Promote Fraud Detection
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Chapter 6. Data-Driven Fraud Detection
  • Errors and Frauds
  • Audit Sampling and Fraud
  • The Data Analysis Process
  • Step 1: Understand the Business
  • Step 2: Identify Possible Frauds That Could Exist
  • Step 3: Catalog Possible Fraud Symptoms
  • Step 4: Use Technology to Gather Data about Symptoms
  • Step 5: Analyze Results
  • Step 6: Investigate Symptoms
  • Data Analysis Software
  • Data Access
  • Open Database Connectivity
  • Text Import
  • Hosting a Data Warehouse
  • Data Analysis Techniques
  • Data Preparation
  • Digital Analysis
  • Artificial Intelligence and Fraud Detection
  • Outlier Investigation
  • Stratification and Summarization
  • Time Trend Analysis
  • Fuzzy Matching
  • Real-Time Analysis
  • Analyzing Financial Statements
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Examples of the Data-Driven Approach
  • Part 3. Investigating Fraud
  • Chapter 7. Investigating Theft Acts
  • Deciding When to Investigate
  • Beginning an Investigation
  • Developing a Vulnerability Chart
  • Theft Act Investigation Methods
  • Surveillance and Covert Operations
  • Invigilation
  • Physical Evidence
  • Electronic Evidence
  • Forensic Software Packages
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 8. Investigating Concealment
  • Concealment Investigative Methods
  • Aspects of Documentary Evidence
  • Obtaining Documentary Evidence
  • Document Experts
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 9. Conversion Investigation Methods
  • Conversion Searches
  • Government Sources of Information
  • Federal Sources
  • State Sources of Information
  • County and Local Records
  • Private Sources of Information
  • Online Databases
  • Internet Search
  • The Net Worth Method
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 10. Inquiry Methods and Fraud Reports
  • Interviewing—An Overview
  • Characteristics of a Good Interview
  • Characteristics of a Good Interviewer
  • Understanding Reaction to Crisis
  • Stage 1. Denial
  • Stage 2. Anger
  • Stage 3. Rationalization
  • Stage 4. Depression
  • Stage 5. Acceptance
  • Planning an Interview
  • The Interviewer’s Demeanor
  • The Language of Interviews
  • Question Typology
  • Elements of Conversation
  • Inhibitors of Communication
  • Facilitators of Communication
  • Mechanics of the Interview
  • Introductory Questions
  • Methodology
  • Informational Questions
  • Question Sequence
  • Informational Question Techniques
  • Note-Taking
  • Observing Respondent Reactions
  • Theme Development
  • Transition Methodology
  • Dealing with Resistance
  • Difficult People
  • Volatile Interviews
  • Assessment Questions
  • Detecting Deception
  • Methodology of Assessment Questions
  • Admission-Seeking Questions
  • Steps in the Admission-Seeking Interview
  • Refute Alibis
  • Physical Evidence
  • Specifics of Each Offense
  • Signed Statements
  • Key Points in Signed Statements
  • Honesty Testing
  • Pencil-and-Paper Test
  • Graphology
  • Voice Stress Analysis and Polygraphs
  • The Fraud Report
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Sample Signed Statement
  • Appendix B. An Example Fraud Report
  • Part 4. Financial Statement Fraud
  • Chapter 11. Financial Statement Fraud
  • The Problem of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Financial Statement Fraud in Recent Decades
  • Why These Problems Occurred
  • Element 1: A Booming Economy
  • Element 2: Decay of Moral Values
  • Element 3: Misplaced Incentives
  • Element 4: High Analysts’ Expectations
  • Element 5: High Debt Levels
  • Element 6: Focus on Accounting Rules Rather than Principles
  • Element 7: Lack of Auditor Independence
  • Element 8: Greed
  • Element 9: Educator Failures
  • Nature of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Financial Statement Fraud Statistics
  • Motivations for Financial Statement Fraud
  • A Framework for Detecting Financial Statement Fraud
  • Management and the Board of Directors
  • Management’s Background
  • Management’s Motivations
  • Management’s Influence in Making Decisions for the Organization
  • Relationships with Others
  • Relationships with Financial Institutions
  • Relationships with Related Organizations and Individuals
  • Relationships with Auditors
  • Relationships with Lawyers
  • Relationships with Investors
  • Relationships with Regulatory Bodies
  • Organization and Industry
  • Financial Results and Operating Characteristics
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Laws and Corporate Governance Changes Following the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
  • Chapter 12. Revenue- and Inventory-Related Financial Statement Frauds
  • Revenue-Related Fraud
  • Acceptable Alternatives
  • Ease of Manipulating Net Income Using Revenues and Receivables
  • Identifying Revenue-Related Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Revenue-Related Analytical Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Control Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Behavioral or Verbal and Lifestyle Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Tips and Complaints
  • Following Up on Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold Frauds
  • Identifying Inventory-Related Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying Inventory-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Searching for Inventory-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Searching for Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold Analytical Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Inventory-Related Control Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Behavioral or Verbal and Lifestyle Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Tips and Complaints
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Strategic Reasoning and Detecting Revenue- and Inventory-Related Fraud
  • Chapter 13. Liability, Asset, and Inadequate Disclosure Frauds
  • Ways to Manipulate Liabilities
  • Identifying Understatement of Liability Fraud Exposures
  • Understating Accounts Payable
  • Understating Accrued Liabilities
  • Recognizing Unearned Revenue (Liability) as Earned Revenue
  • Understating Future Obligations
  • Not Recording or Understating Various Types of Debt (Notes, Mortgages, etc.)
  • Omission of Contingent Liabilities
  • Detecting Understatement of Liability Fraud Symptoms
  • Analytical Symptoms
  • Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Proactively Searching for Symptoms Related to the Understatement of Liabilities
  • Focusing on Changes in Recorded Balances from Period to Period
  • Focusing on Changes in Relationships from Period to Period
  • Comparing Financial Statement Information with Other Companies
  • Comparing Liability Balances with Assets They Are Supposed to Represent
  • Actively Searching for “Accounting and Documentary” Symptoms
  • Overstatement of Asset Fraud
  • Identifying Asset Overstatement Fraud
  • Improperly Capitalizing Costs as Assets
  • The Slippery Slope of Earnings Management
  • Inflated Assets through Mergers and Acquisitions (or Restructuring) or by Manipulating Intercompany Accounts and/or Transactions
  • Overstatement of Fixed Assets (Property, Plant, and Equipment) and Natural Resources
  • Cash and Short-Term Investment Fraud
  • Overstatement of Accounts Receivable (Not Related to Revenue Recognition) or Inventory (Not Related to Cost of Goods Sold)
  • Summary of Overstatement of Asset Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying and Actively Searching for Asset Overstatement Fraud Symptoms
  • Inappropriately Capitalizing Costs That Should Be Expensed
  • Overstating Assets through Mergers, Acquisitions, or Restructurings or Manipulating Intercompany Accounts or Transactions
  • Overstatement of Cash and Short-Term Investments (Including Marketable Securities)
  • Overstatement of Receivables and/or Inventory (Not Revenue- or Cost of Goods Sold-Related)
  • Inadequate Disclosure Fraud
  • Kinds of Disclosure Fraud
  • Misrepresentations about the Nature of the Company or Its Products
  • Misrepresentations in MD&A and Other Nonfinancial Information in Financial Reports
  • Misleading Footnote Disclosures
  • Detecting Inadequate Disclosure Fraud
  • Symptoms Related to Overall Misrepresentation about the Company or Its Assets
  • Disclosure Fraud Related to Financial Reports and Financial Statement Footnotes
  • Other Types of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Inappropriate Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions
  • Inappropriate Accounting for Roundtrip Transactions
  • Improper Accounting for Foreign Payments in Violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
  • Improper Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
  • Improper Use of Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Strategic Reasoning and Detecting Liability, Asset, and Inadequate Disclosure Frauds
  • Part 5. Other Types of Fraud
  • Chapter 14. Fraud against Organizations
  • Fraud Statistics
  • Asset Misappropriations
  • Theft of Cash through Larceny
  • Theft of Cash through Skimming
  • Cash Theft through Fraudulent Disbursements
  • Theft of Inventory and Other Assets
  • Corruption
  • Bribery
  • Conflicts of Interest
  • Economic Extortion and Illegal Gratuities
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 15. Consumer Fraud
  • Consumer Fraud and Its Seriousness
  • Identity Theft
  • How Identity Theft Occurs
  • How Fraudsters Convert Personal Information to Financial Gain
  • Stealing a Victim’s Identity
  • Minimizing the Risk
  • Prosecution of Identity Theft
  • Once Identity Theft Has Occurred
  • Identity Theft—Concluding Comments
  • Other Types of Consumer and Investment Scams
  • Foreign Advance-Fee Scams
  • Work-at-Home Schemes
  • Bogus Mystery Shopping Scams
  • Telemarketing Fraud
  • Investment Scams
  • Mortgage Fraud and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 16. Bankruptcy, Divorce, and Tax Fraud
  • Overview of Tax, Divorce, and Bankruptcy Frauds
  • Fraud Examiners’ Roles in Bankruptcy and Divorce Cases
  • Tax Fraud
  • Fraud and the Criminal Investigation Division
  • Divorce Fraud
  • Participants in Divorce Cases
  • Bankruptcy Fraud
  • The Bankruptcy Code
  • Civil and Criminal Bankruptcy Fraud Statutes
  • Civil Bankruptcy Statutes
  • Participants in the Bankruptcy Process
  • Fraud Investigator’s Relationship to Participants in Bankruptcy Proceedings
  • Bankruptcy and Divorce Fraud Schemes—The Planned Bankruptcy (Bust-Out)
  • Fraudulent Concealment of Assets or Income in Bankruptcies or Divorces
  • The Debtor’s or Divorced Person’s Estate
  • Bankruptcy Statutes Concerning Concealment of Assets
  • Means of Concealing Assets or Income
  • Indicators of Concealment
  • Fraudulent Transfers
  • Civil Liability for False Accusations
  • Money Laundering
  • The Money Laundering Process
  • Efforts to Combat Money Laundering
  • Detecting Money Laundering Schemes
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Internet Assignments
  • Appendix A. Affidavit of Proposed Investigator
  • Appendix B. Application for Retention of Investigator
  • Chapter 17. Cyber Fraud
  • Cyber Fraud Risks
  • Cyber Fraud Risks Inside Organizations
  • Cyber Fraud Risks Outside Organizations
  • Preventing Cyber Fraud
  • The Control Environment
  • Risk Assessment
  • Detecting Cyber Fraud
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Part 6. Legal Follow-Up on Fraud
  • Chapter 18. Legal Follow-Up
  • The Court System
  • State Courts
  • Federal Courts
  • Civil and Criminal Fraud Trials
  • Overview of the Civil Litigation Process
  • Investigation and Pleadings
  • Discovery
  • Settlement Negotiations
  • Trial and Appeal
  • Overview of the Criminal Litigation Process
  • Filing Criminal Charges
  • Arresting and Charging the Defendant
  • Preliminary Hearings
  • Grand Jury
  • Arraignment
  • Discovery
  • Pretrial Motions
  • Trial and Appeal
  • Expert Witnessing
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Knapp Cases
  • Madoff Securities
  • First Keystone Bank
  • The Trolley Dodgers
  • Zane Corbin, Accounting Major
  • Goodner Brothers, Inc.
  • The Leslie Fay Companies
  • Just for FEET, Inc.
  • Le-Nature’s Inc.
  • LocatePlus Holdings Corporation
  • Avon Products, Inc.
  • Overstock.com, Inc.
  • Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc.
  • CBI Holding Company, Inc.
  • Howard Street Jewelers, Inc.
  • Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc.
  • Saks Fifth Avenue
  • Internet Infamy
  • Enron Corporation
  • Appendix. Financial Statement Fraud Standards
  • Bibliography