Fraud Examination

Höfundar: W. Steve Albrecht, Chad O. Albrecht, Conan C. Albrecht, Mark F. Zimbelman (Útgáfa: 7)
Fraud Examination

Kaup valmöguleikar

Learn to identify, detect, investigate and prevent financial fraud today with Albrecht/Albrecht/Albrecht/Zimbelman's Fraud Examination, 7th Edition. Develop the skills to detect fraud skills and become a better interviewer, a stronger and more skeptical document examiner, a more effective technology user and a more informed decision-maker. You gain a strong understanding of the types of fraud and nature of fraud investigation today with current business examples and numerous actual fraud cases, delivered first-hand from the authors' experience.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi
Cengage Learning US
ISBN
9798214048413
Print ISBN
9780357721759
Format
ePub
Útgáfa
7
Höfundar
W. Steve Albrecht, Chad O. Albrecht, Conan C. Albrecht, Mark F. Zimbelman
Tungumál
English
Útgefið
2024-03-05
Prent takmörkun á líftíma
100
Prent takmörkun
2
Afritunar takmörkun
2

Kaflar

  • Cover Page
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Dedication
  • About the Authors
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Part 1. Understanding and Preventing Fraud
  • Chapter 1. The Nature of Fraud
  • Seriousness of the Fraud Problem
  • What Is Fraud?
  • Charles Ponzi and the Famous Ponzi Scheme
  • Fraud, Greed, Deception, and Confidence
  • Types of Fraud
  • Employee Embezzlement
  • Vendor Fraud
  • Customer Fraud
  • Management Fraud
  • Investment Scams and Other Consumer Frauds
  • Criminal and Civil Prosecution of Fraud
  • Criminal Law
  • Civil Law
  • How to Prepare to Be a Fraud-Fighting Professional
  • Certified Fraud Examiners
  • Academic Requirements
  • Professional Requirements
  • CFE Examination
  • Fraud-Related Careers
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Debates
  • Internet Assignments
  • Chapter 2. Who Commits Fraud and Why They Commit It
  • Who Commits Fraud
  • Why People Commit Fraud
  • The First Element of the Fraud Triangle: Perceived Pressure
  • Financial Pressures
  • Vice Pressures
  • Work-Related Pressures
  • Other Pressures
  • The Second Element of the Fraud Triangle: Opportunity
  • Control Factor: Controls That Prevent and/or Detect Fraudulent Behavior
  • Summary of the Controls That Prevent or Detect Fraud
  • Non-Control Factor: Inability to Judge the Quality of Performance
  • Non-Control Factor: Failure to Discipline Fraud Perpetrators
  • Non-Control Factor: Lack of Access to Information
  • Non-Control Factor: Ignorance, Apathy, and Incapacity
  • Non-Control Factor: Lack of an Audit Trail
  • The Third Element of Fraud: Rationalization
  • Summary of the Fraud Triangle
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Exercises
  • Objective Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Extensive Cases
  • Other Fraud Assignments
  • Debate
  • Chapter 3. Fighting Fraud: An Overview
  • Knowing Different Ways That Organizations Fight Fraud
  • Fraud Prevention
  • Creating a Culture of Honesty and High Ethics
  • Assessing and Mitigating the Risk of Fraud
  • Fraud Detection
  • Fraud Investigation
  • Approaches to Fraud Investigation
  • Conducting a Fraud Investigation
  • Follow-Up Legal Action
  • Civil Action
  • Criminal Action
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Red Hat Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
  • Chapter 4. Preventing Fraud
  • Just about Everyone Can Be Dishonest
  • Creating a Culture of Honesty, Openness, and Assistance
  • Hiring Honest People and Providing Fraud Awareness Training
  • Verify Applicant’s Résumé and Application
  • Certify That Application and Résumé Are Accurate
  • Train Those Involved in the Hiring Process
  • Creating a Positive Work Environment
  • Implementing Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs)
  • Eliminating Opportunities for Fraud to Occur
  • Having a Good System of Internal Controls
  • Discouraging Collusion between Employees and Others and Alerting Vendors and Contractors to Company Policies
  • Monitoring Employees and Having a Whistleblowing System
  • Creating an Expectation of Punishment
  • Conducting Proactive Fraud Auditing
  • Preventing Fraud—A Summary
  • A Comprehensive Approach to Fighting Fraud
  • Organizations and Fraud—The Current Model
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Part 2. Detecting Fraud
  • Chapter 5. Recognizing the Symptoms of Fraud
  • Symptoms of Fraud
  • Accounting Anomalies
  • Irregularities in Source Documents
  • Faulty Journal Entries
  • Inaccuracies in Ledgers
  • Internal Control Weaknesses
  • Analytical Fraud Symptoms
  • Extravagant Lifestyles
  • Unusual Behaviors
  • Tips and Complaints
  • Company Employees Are in the Best Position to Detect Fraud
  • Tips and Complaints Are Fraud Symptoms
  • New Laws Protect Whistleblowers and Promote Fraud Detection
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Chapter 6. Data-Driven Fraud Detection
  • Errors and Frauds
  • Audit Sampling and Fraud
  • The Data Analysis Process
  • Step 1: Understand the Business
  • Step 2: Identify Possible Frauds That Could Exist
  • Step 3: Catalog Possible Fraud Symptoms
  • Step 4: Use Technology to Gather Data about Symptoms
  • Step 5: Analyze Results
  • Step 6: Investigate Symptoms
  • Data Analysis Software
  • Data Access
  • Open Database Connectivity
  • Text Import
  • Hosting a Data Warehouse
  • Data Analysis Techniques
  • Data Preparation
  • Digital Analysis
  • Artificial Intelligence and Fraud Detection
  • Outlier Investigation
  • Stratification and Summarization
  • Time Trend Analysis
  • Fuzzy Matching
  • Real-Time Analysis
  • Analyzing Financial Statements
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Examples of the Data-Driven Approach
  • Part 3. Investigating Fraud
  • Chapter 7. Investigating Theft Acts
  • Deciding When to Investigate
  • Beginning an Investigation
  • Developing a Vulnerability Chart
  • Theft Act Investigation Methods
  • Surveillance and Covert Operations
  • Invigilation
  • Physical Evidence
  • Electronic Evidence
  • Forensic Software Packages
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 8. Investigating Concealment
  • Concealment Investigative Methods
  • Aspects of Documentary Evidence
  • Obtaining Documentary Evidence
  • Document Experts
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 9. Conversion Investigation Methods
  • Conversion Searches
  • Government Sources of Information
  • Federal Sources
  • State Sources of Information
  • County and Local Records
  • Private Sources of Information
  • Online Databases
  • Internet Search
  • The Net Worth Method
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 10. Inquiry Methods and Fraud Reports
  • Interviewing—An Overview
  • Characteristics of a Good Interview
  • Characteristics of a Good Interviewer
  • Understanding Reaction to Crisis
  • Stage 1. Denial
  • Stage 2. Anger
  • Stage 3. Rationalization
  • Stage 4. Depression
  • Stage 5. Acceptance
  • Planning an Interview
  • The Interviewer’s Demeanor
  • The Language of Interviews
  • Question Typology
  • Elements of Conversation
  • Inhibitors of Communication
  • Facilitators of Communication
  • Mechanics of the Interview
  • Introductory Questions
  • Methodology
  • Informational Questions
  • Question Sequence
  • Informational Question Techniques
  • Note-Taking
  • Observing Respondent Reactions
  • Theme Development
  • Transition Methodology
  • Dealing with Resistance
  • Difficult People
  • Volatile Interviews
  • Assessment Questions
  • Detecting Deception
  • Methodology of Assessment Questions
  • Admission-Seeking Questions
  • Steps in the Admission-Seeking Interview
  • Refute Alibis
  • Physical Evidence
  • Specifics of Each Offense
  • Signed Statements
  • Key Points in Signed Statements
  • Honesty Testing
  • Pencil-and-Paper Test
  • Graphology
  • Voice Stress Analysis and Polygraphs
  • The Fraud Report
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Sample Signed Statement
  • Appendix B. An Example Fraud Report
  • Part 4. Financial Statement Fraud
  • Chapter 11. Financial Statement Fraud
  • The Problem of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Financial Statement Fraud in Recent Decades
  • Why These Problems Occurred
  • Element 1: A Booming Economy
  • Element 2: Decay of Moral Values
  • Element 3: Misplaced Incentives
  • Element 4: High Analysts’ Expectations
  • Element 5: High Debt Levels
  • Element 6: Focus on Accounting Rules Rather than Principles
  • Element 7: Lack of Auditor Independence
  • Element 8: Greed
  • Element 9: Educator Failures
  • Nature of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Financial Statement Fraud Statistics
  • Motivations for Financial Statement Fraud
  • A Framework for Detecting Financial Statement Fraud
  • Management and the Board of Directors
  • Management’s Background
  • Management’s Motivations
  • Management’s Influence in Making Decisions for the Organization
  • Relationships with Others
  • Relationships with Financial Institutions
  • Relationships with Related Organizations and Individuals
  • Relationships with Auditors
  • Relationships with Lawyers
  • Relationships with Investors
  • Relationships with Regulatory Bodies
  • Organization and Industry
  • Financial Results and Operating Characteristics
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Laws and Corporate Governance Changes Following the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
  • Chapter 12. Revenue- and Inventory-Related Financial Statement Frauds
  • Revenue-Related Fraud
  • Acceptable Alternatives
  • Ease of Manipulating Net Income Using Revenues and Receivables
  • Identifying Revenue-Related Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Revenue-Related Analytical Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Control Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Behavioral or Verbal and Lifestyle Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Tips and Complaints
  • Following Up on Revenue-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold Frauds
  • Identifying Inventory-Related Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying Inventory-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Searching for Inventory-Related Fraud Symptoms
  • Searching for Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold Analytical Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Inventory-Related Control Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Behavioral or Verbal and Lifestyle Symptoms
  • Actively Searching for Tips and Complaints
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Strategic Reasoning and Detecting Revenue- and Inventory-Related Fraud
  • Chapter 13. Liability, Asset, and Inadequate Disclosure Frauds
  • Ways to Manipulate Liabilities
  • Identifying Understatement of Liability Fraud Exposures
  • Understating Accounts Payable
  • Understating Accrued Liabilities
  • Recognizing Unearned Revenue (Liability) as Earned Revenue
  • Understating Future Obligations
  • Not Recording or Understating Various Types of Debt (Notes, Mortgages, etc.)
  • Omission of Contingent Liabilities
  • Detecting Understatement of Liability Fraud Symptoms
  • Analytical Symptoms
  • Accounting or Documentary Symptoms
  • Proactively Searching for Symptoms Related to the Understatement of Liabilities
  • Focusing on Changes in Recorded Balances from Period to Period
  • Focusing on Changes in Relationships from Period to Period
  • Comparing Financial Statement Information with Other Companies
  • Comparing Liability Balances with Assets They Are Supposed to Represent
  • Actively Searching for “Accounting and Documentary” Symptoms
  • Overstatement of Asset Fraud
  • Identifying Asset Overstatement Fraud
  • Improperly Capitalizing Costs as Assets
  • The Slippery Slope of Earnings Management
  • Inflated Assets through Mergers and Acquisitions (or Restructuring) or by Manipulating Intercompany Accounts and/or Transactions
  • Overstatement of Fixed Assets (Property, Plant, and Equipment) and Natural Resources
  • Cash and Short-Term Investment Fraud
  • Overstatement of Accounts Receivable (Not Related to Revenue Recognition) or Inventory (Not Related to Cost of Goods Sold)
  • Summary of Overstatement of Asset Fraud Exposures
  • Identifying and Actively Searching for Asset Overstatement Fraud Symptoms
  • Inappropriately Capitalizing Costs That Should Be Expensed
  • Overstating Assets through Mergers, Acquisitions, or Restructurings or Manipulating Intercompany Accounts or Transactions
  • Overstatement of Cash and Short-Term Investments (Including Marketable Securities)
  • Overstatement of Receivables and/or Inventory (Not Revenue- or Cost of Goods Sold-Related)
  • Inadequate Disclosure Fraud
  • Kinds of Disclosure Fraud
  • Misrepresentations about the Nature of the Company or Its Products
  • Misrepresentations in MD&A and Other Nonfinancial Information in Financial Reports
  • Misleading Footnote Disclosures
  • Detecting Inadequate Disclosure Fraud
  • Symptoms Related to Overall Misrepresentation about the Company or Its Assets
  • Disclosure Fraud Related to Financial Reports and Financial Statement Footnotes
  • Other Types of Financial Statement Fraud
  • Inappropriate Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions
  • Inappropriate Accounting for Roundtrip Transactions
  • Improper Accounting for Foreign Payments in Violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
  • Improper Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
  • Improper Use of Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Appendix A. Strategic Reasoning and Detecting Liability, Asset, and Inadequate Disclosure Frauds
  • Part 5. Other Types of Fraud
  • Chapter 14. Fraud against Organizations
  • Fraud Statistics
  • Asset Misappropriations
  • Theft of Cash through Larceny
  • Theft of Cash through Skimming
  • Cash Theft through Fraudulent Disbursements
  • Theft of Inventory and Other Assets
  • Corruption
  • Bribery
  • Conflicts of Interest
  • Economic Extortion and Illegal Gratuities
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 15. Consumer Fraud
  • Consumer Fraud and Its Seriousness
  • Identity Theft
  • How Identity Theft Occurs
  • How Fraudsters Convert Personal Information to Financial Gain
  • Stealing a Victim’s Identity
  • Minimizing the Risk
  • Prosecution of Identity Theft
  • Once Identity Theft Has Occurred
  • Identity Theft—Concluding Comments
  • Other Types of Consumer and Investment Scams
  • Foreign Advance-Fee Scams
  • Work-at-Home Schemes
  • Bogus Mystery Shopping Scams
  • Telemarketing Fraud
  • Investment Scams
  • Mortgage Fraud and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Chapter 16. Bankruptcy, Divorce, and Tax Fraud
  • Overview of Tax, Divorce, and Bankruptcy Frauds
  • Fraud Examiners’ Roles in Bankruptcy and Divorce Cases
  • Tax Fraud
  • Fraud and the Criminal Investigation Division
  • Divorce Fraud
  • Participants in Divorce Cases
  • Bankruptcy Fraud
  • The Bankruptcy Code
  • Civil and Criminal Bankruptcy Fraud Statutes
  • Civil Bankruptcy Statutes
  • Participants in the Bankruptcy Process
  • Fraud Investigator’s Relationship to Participants in Bankruptcy Proceedings
  • Bankruptcy and Divorce Fraud Schemes—The Planned Bankruptcy (Bust-Out)
  • Fraudulent Concealment of Assets or Income in Bankruptcies or Divorces
  • The Debtor’s or Divorced Person’s Estate
  • Bankruptcy Statutes Concerning Concealment of Assets
  • Means of Concealing Assets or Income
  • Indicators of Concealment
  • Fraudulent Transfers
  • Civil Liability for False Accusations
  • Money Laundering
  • The Money Laundering Process
  • Efforts to Combat Money Laundering
  • Detecting Money Laundering Schemes
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Internet Assignments
  • Appendix A. Affidavit of Proposed Investigator
  • Appendix B. Application for Retention of Investigator
  • Chapter 17. Cyber Fraud
  • Cyber Fraud Risks
  • Cyber Fraud Risks Inside Organizations
  • Cyber Fraud Risks Outside Organizations
  • Preventing Cyber Fraud
  • The Control Environment
  • Risk Assessment
  • Detecting Cyber Fraud
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Part 6. Legal Follow-Up on Fraud
  • Chapter 18. Legal Follow-Up
  • The Court System
  • State Courts
  • Federal Courts
  • Civil and Criminal Fraud Trials
  • Overview of the Civil Litigation Process
  • Investigation and Pleadings
  • Discovery
  • Settlement Negotiations
  • Trial and Appeal
  • Overview of the Criminal Litigation Process
  • Filing Criminal Charges
  • Arresting and Charging the Defendant
  • Preliminary Hearings
  • Grand Jury
  • Arraignment
  • Discovery
  • Pretrial Motions
  • Trial and Appeal
  • Expert Witnessing
  • Review of the Learning Objectives
  • Key Terms
  • Questions
  • Short Cases
  • Case Studies
  • Internet Assignments
  • Debates
  • Knapp Cases
  • Madoff Securities
  • First Keystone Bank
  • The Trolley Dodgers
  • Zane Corbin, Accounting Major
  • Goodner Brothers, Inc.
  • The Leslie Fay Companies
  • Just for FEET, Inc.
  • Le-Nature’s Inc.
  • LocatePlus Holdings Corporation
  • Avon Products, Inc.
  • Overstock.com, Inc.
  • Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc.
  • CBI Holding Company, Inc.
  • Howard Street Jewelers, Inc.
  • Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc.
  • Saks Fifth Avenue
  • Internet Infamy
  • Enron Corporation
  • Appendix. Financial Statement Fraud Standards
  • Bibliography