ECGs Made Easy
Höfundur:
Barbara Aehlert (Útgáfa: 7)
Kaup valmöguleikar
Learning ECG interpretation has never been easier! A practical guide to heart rhythm recognition, ECGs Made Easy, 7th Edition offers a more visual, less intimidating way to identify and interpret basic heart dysrhythmias. Each ECG rhythm includes a clear description, a sample ECG rhythm strip, possible signs and symptoms related to each rhythm, and recommended treatment. For more practice, additional rhythm strips and review exercises are provided at the end of each chapter.
Written by noted EMS educator Barbara Aehlert, this guide has everything you need to master skills in ECG interpretation. Easy-to-read style and conversational tone help you to recall and apply ECG information. Brief description of each dysrhythmia is accompanied by a summary of rhythm characteristics and a sample ECG rhythm strip. Clear ECG discussions highlight what you need to know about dysrhythmia recognition, such as: How Do I Recognize It? What Causes It? What Do I Do About It? Introduction to the 12-Lead ECG chapter provides the basics for this advanced skill, including determining electrical axis, and recognizing ECG changes associated with myocardial ischemia and infarction, bundle branch block, and other conditions.
ECG Pearl boxes cover ECG principles, practical applications, indications, and techniques, and offer useful hints for interpreting ECGs. Drug Pearls highlight select medications used to treat dysrhythmias. Key terms open each chapter by introducing and defining essential terminology. Summary tables review the key characteristics of dysrhythmias discussed in the chapter. Stop & Review exercises at the end of each chapter allow you to assess your understanding.
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- Elsevier Limited (UK)
- 9780323832939
- 9780323794251
- ePub
- 7
- Barbara Aehlert
- English
- 2022-06-23
- 10
Kaflar
- ECGs Made Easy
- Cover
- Front matter
- ECGs Made Easy
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Reviewers for the seventh edition
- Preface to the seventh edition
- Acknowledgments
- About the author
- Contents
- List of Illustrations
- List of Tables
- 1 : Anatomy and physiology
- Learning objectives
- Location, size, and shape of the heart
- Surfaces of the heart
- Coverings of the heart
- Structure of the heart
- Layers of the heart wall
- Cardiac muscle
- Heart chambers
- Atria
- Ventricles
- Heart valves
- Atrioventricular valves
- Semilunar valves
- Heart sounds
- The heart’s blood supply
- Coronary arteries
- Right coronary artery
- Left coronary artery
- Coronary artery dominance
- Acute coronary syndromes
- Coronary veins
- The heart’s nerve supply
- Sympathetic stimulation
- Parasympathetic stimulation
- Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
- Inotropic effect
- Dromotropic effect
- The heart as a pump
- Cardiac cycle
- Atrial systole and diastole
- Ventricular systole and diastole
- Blood pressure
- Cardiac output
- Stroke volume
- Heart rate
- Stop & review
- Questions 10 through 12 pertain to the following scenario
- Matching
- Stop & review answers
- Matching
- References
- 2 : Basic electrophysiology
- Learning objectives
- Cardiac cells
- Types of cardiac cells
- Properties of cardiac cells
- Cardiac action potential
- Depolarization and repolarization
- Action potentials
- Fast potentials
- Slow potentials
- Refractory periods
- Conduction system
- Sinoatrial node
- Secondary pacemaker sites
- Atrioventricular node and bundle
- Right and left bundle branches
- Purkinje fibers
- Causes of dysrhythmias
- Disorders of impulse formation
- Altered automaticity
- Triggered activity
- Disorders of impulse conduction
- Conduction blocks
- Reentry
- The electrocardiogram
- Electrodes
- Leads
- Frontal plane leads
- Standard limb leads
- Augmented limb leads
- Horizontal plane leads
- Chest leads
- Right chest leads
- Posterior chest leads
- Alternative leads
- Ambulatory cardiac monitoring
- Types of ambulatory monitors
- Holter monitors
- Event monitors
- External loop recorders
- Mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry
- Implantable loop recorders
- Portable handheld electrocardiogram monitors
- Electrocardiography paper
- Waveforms
- P wave
- QRS complex
- QRS measurement
- Abnormal QRS complexes
- QRS variations
- T wave
- Abnormal T waves
- U wave
- Segments
- PR segment
- TP segment
- ST segment
- Abnormal ST segments
- Intervals
- PR interval
- Abnormal PR intervals
- QT interval
- R-R and P-P intervals
- Artifact
- Systematic rhythm interpretation
- Assess regularity
- Ventricular regularity
- Atrial regularity
- Assess rate
- Six-second method
- Large box method
- Small box method
- Identify and examine waveforms
- Assess intervals and examine segments
- PR interval
- QRS duration
- QT interval
- Examine ST segments
- Interpret the rhythm
- Stop & review
- Questions 9 through 14 pertain to the following scenario
- Matching
- Short answer
- Practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Matching
- Short answer
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 3 : Sinus mechanisms
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- Sinus rhythm
- How do I recognize it?
- Sinus bradycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Sinus tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Sinus arrhythmia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Sinoatrial block
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Sinus arrest
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Stop & review
- Questions 10 through 17 pertain to the following scenario
- Short answer
- Sinus mechanisms—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Multiple choice response
- Short answer
- Sinus mechanisms—practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 4 : Atrial rhythms
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- Atrial dysrhythmias: Mechanisms
- Premature atrial complexes
- How do I recognize it?
- Noncompensatory versus compensatory pause
- Aberrantly conducted premature atrial complexes
- Nonconducted premature atrial complexes
- What causes them?
- What do I do about them?
- Wandering atrial pacemaker
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Atrial tachycardias
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Vagal maneuvers
- Synchronized cardioversion
- Indications
- Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Stop & review
- Questions 11 through 14 pertain to the following scenario
- Matching
- Atrial rhythms—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Matching
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 5 : Junctional rhythms
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- Premature junctional complexes
- How do I recognize them?
- What causes them?
- What do I do about them?
- Junctional escape beats or rhythm
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Accelerated junctional rhythm
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Junctional tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Stop & review
- Questions 8—10 pertain to the following scenario
- Junctional rhythms—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 6 : Ventricular rhythms
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- Premature ventricular complexes
- How do I recognize them?
- Patterns of premature ventricular complexes
- Types of premature ventricular complexes
- Uniform and multiform premature ventricular complexes
- Interpolated premature ventricular complexes
- R-on-T premature ventricular complexes
- What causes them?
- What do I do about them?
- Ventricular escape beats or rhythm
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Hs and Ts
- Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Ventricular tachycardia
- How do I recognize it?
- Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Ventricular fibrillation
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Defibrillation
- Asystole (cardiac standstill)
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Stop & review
- Ventricular rhythms—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 7 : Atrioventricular blocks
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- First-degree atrioventricular block
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Second-degree atrioventricular blocks
- Second-degree atrioventricular block type I
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Second-degree atrioventricular block type II
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- 2:1 Atrioventricular block
- How do I recognize it?
- Advanced second-degree atrioventricular block
- A quick look at P waves and atrioventricular (AV) blocks
- Third-degree atrioventricular block
- How do I recognize it?
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Stop & review
- Multiple response
- AV blocks—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- References
- 8 : Pacemaker rhythms
- Learning objectives
- Pacemaker systems
- Temporary pacing routes
- Transvenous pacing
- Epicardial pacing
- Transcutaneous pacing
- Permanent pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
- Pacemaker leads
- Pacing principles
- Pacemaker modes
- Single-chamber pacemakers
- Dual-chamber pacemakers
- Biventricular pacemakers
- Pacemaker complications
- Failure to pace
- Failure to capture
- Failure to sense
- Analyzing pacemaker function on the electrocardiogram
- Stop & review
- Matching
- Pacemaker rhythms—practice rhythm strips
- Stop & review answers
- Matching
- Practice rhythm strip answers
- 9 : Introduction to the 12-lead ECG
- Learning objectives
- Introduction
- Layout of the 12-lead electrocardiogram
- Vectors
- Axis
- Acute coronary syndromes
- Anatomic location of a myocardial infarction
- Anterior infarction
- R-wave progression
- Lateral infarction
- Inferior infarction
- Inferobasal infarction
- Right ventricular infarction
- Intraventricular conduction delays
- Structures of the intraventricular conduction system
- Bundle branch activation
- How do I recognize it?
- Differentiating right bundle branch block from left bundle branch block
- Right bundle branch block
- Left bundle branch block
- An easier way
- Exceptions
- What causes it?
- What do I do about it?
- Chamber abnormalities
- Atrial abnormalities
- Ventricular abnormalities
- Electrolyte disturbances
- Sodium
- Hypernatremia
- Hyponatremia
- Potassium
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
- Calcium
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Magnesium
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Analyzing the 12-lead electrocardiogram
- Stop & review
- Multiple response
- Matching
- 12-lead electrocardiograms—practice
- Stop & review answers
- Matching
- Practice 12-lead electrocardiograms answers
- References
- 10 : Posttest
- Posttest rhythm strips
- Posttest answers
- Posttest rhythm strip answers
- GENERIC-TITLE
- Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- Q
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W