Earth

Name: Earth
Price: 9790 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: Stephen Marshak
ISBN: 9780393882957

Höfundur: Stephen Marshak (Útgáfa: 7)

Kaup valmöguleikar

Jarðfræðibók Marshaks styður virkt, stafrænt nám. Þetta viðurkennda grundvallarrit hjálpar nemendum að sjá fyrir sér og skilja jarðfræðileg ferli og auðveldar verklega könnun og rannsóknir á raunverulegum viðfangsefnum, óháð námsfyrirkomulagi. Ný þrívíddarlíkön af sýnum og stafræn landhæðarlíkön gera nemendum kleift að rannsaka sýni og svæði eins og þeir væru á vettvangi eða á rannsóknarstofu.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi: W. W. Norton

ISBN: 9780393882957

Print ISBN: 9780393882766

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 7

Höfundar: Stephen Marshak

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 2022-07-01

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Prent takmörkun: 2

Afritunar takmörkun: 2

Flokkar: Náttúruvísindi

Efnisflokkar: Vísindi › Jarðfræði

Kaflar

Cover
Publisher’s Notice
Half-title Page
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Brief Contents
Special Features
Contents
Preface
About the Author
Prelude And Just What Is Geology?
P.1 In Search of Ideas
P.2 Why Study Geology?
P.3 Themes of This Book
Prelude: Practice What You Know
Part I: Our Island in Space
Chapter 1: Cosmology and the Birth of the Earth
1.1 Introduction
1.2 An Image of Our Universe
1.3 Forming the Universe
1.4 We Are All Made of Stardust
Chapter 1: Practice What You Know
Chapter 2: Journey to the Center of the Earth
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Welcome to the Neighborhood
2.3 Basic Characteristics of the Earth
2.4 How Do We Know That the Earth Has Layers?
2.5 What Are the Layers Made of?
2.6 The Lithosphere and the Asthenosphere
Chapter 2: Practice What You Know
Chapter 3: Drifting Continents and Spreading Seas
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Wegener’s Evidence for Continental Drift
3.3 The Discovery of Seafloor Spreading
3.4 Paleomagnetism: Proving Continental Drift and Seafloor Spreading
Chapter 3: Practice What You Know
Chapter 4: The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics
4.1 Introduction
4.2 What Do We Mean by Plate Tectonics?
4.3 Divergent Boundaries and Seafloor Spreading
4.4 Convergent Boundaries and Subduction
4.5 Transform Boundaries
4.6 Special Locations in the Plate Mosaic
4.7 How Do Plate Boundaries Form, and How Do They Die?
4.8 Moving Plates
Chapter 4: Practice What You Know
Part II: Earth Materials
Chapter 5: Patterns in Nature: Minerals
5.1 Introduction
5.2 What Is a Mineral?
5.3 Beauty in Patterns: Crystals and Their Structure
5.4 How Can You Tell One Mineral from Another?
5.5 Organizing Knowledge: Mineral Classification
5.6 Something Precious: Gems!
Chapter 5: Practice What You Know
Interlude A: Introducing Rocks
A.1 Introduction
A.2 What Is Rock?
A.3 The Basis of Rock Classification
A.4 Studying Rock
Interlude A: Practice What You Know
Chapter 6: Up from the Inferno: Magma and Igneous Rocks
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Why Do Melts Form?
6.3 What’s in Molten Rock?
6.4 Movement and Solidification of Molten Rock
6.5 Comparing Extrusive and Intrusive Environments
6.6 How Do You Describe an Igneous Rock?
6.7 Plate Tectonic Context of Igneous Activity
Chapter 6: Practice What You Know
Interlude B: A Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Weathering: Forming Sediment
B.3 Soil
Interlude B: Practice What You Know
Chapter 7: Pages of the Earth’s Past: Sedimentary Rocks
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Classes of Sedimentary Rocks
7.3 Sedimentary Structures
7.4 How Do We Recognize Depositional Environments?
7.5 Sedimentary Basins
Chapter 7: Practice What You Know
Chapter 8: Metamorphism: A Process of Change
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Consequences and Causes of Metamorphism
8.3 Types of Metamorphic Rocks
8.4 Defining Metamorphic Intensity
8.5 Where Does Metamorphism Occur?
Chapter 8: Practice What You Know
Interlude C: The Rock Cycle in the Earth System
C.1 Introduction
C.2 Rock Cycle Paths
C.3 A Case Study of the Rock Cycle
C.4 Cycles of the Earth System
Interlude C: Practice What You Know
Part III: Tectonic Activity of a Dynamic Planet
Chapter 9: The Wrath of Vulcan: Volcanic Eruptions
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Products of Volcanic Eruptions
9.3 Structure and Eruptive Style
9.4 Geologic Settings of Volcanism
9.5 Beware: Volcanoes Are Hazards!
9.6 Protection from Vulcan’s Wrath
9.7 Effect of Volcanoes on Climate and Civilization
9.8 Volcanoes on Other Planets
Chapter 9: Practice What You Know
Chapter 10: A Violent Pulse: Earthquakes
10.1 Introduction
10.2 What Causes Earthquakes?
10.3 Seismic Waves and Their Measurement
10.4 Defining the “Size” of Earthquakes
10.5 Where and Why Do Earthquakes Occur?
10.6 How Do Earthquakes Cause Damage?
10.7 Can We Predict the “Big One”?
10.8 Earthquake Engineering and Zoning
Chapter 10: Practice What You Know
Interlude D: The Earth’s Interior, Revisited: Seismic Layering, Gravity, and the Magnetic Field
D.1 Introduction
D.2 The Basis for Seismic Study of the Earth’s Interior
D.3 Seismic Study of the Earth’s Interior
D.4 The Earth’s Gravity
D.5 The Earth’s Magnetic Field, Revisited
Interlude D: Practice What You Know
Chapter 11: Crags, Cracks, and Crumples: Geologic Structures and Mountain Building
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Rock Deformation in the Earth’s Crust
11.3 Brittle Structures
11.4 Folds and Foliation
11.5 Causes of Mountain Building
11.6 Mountain Topography
11.7 Basins and Domes in Cratons
11.8 Life Story of a Mountain Range: A Case Study
Chapter 11: Practice What You Know
Part IV: History before History
Interlude E: Memories of Past Life: Fossils and Evolution
E.1 The Discovery of Fossils
E.2 Fossilization
E.3 Characterizing Life of the Past
E.4 Evolution and Extinction
Interlude E: Practice What You Know
Chapter 12 Deep Time: How Old Is Old?
12.1 Introduction
12.2 The Concept of Geologic Time
12.3 Relative Age
12.4 Unconformities: Gaps in the Record
12.5 Stratigraphic Formations and Their Correlation
12.6 The Geologic Column
12.7 How Do We Determine Numerical Ages?
12.8 Numerical Ages and Geologic Time
Chapter 12: Practice What You Know
Chapter 13: A Biography of the Earth
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Methods for Studying the Past
13.3 The Hadean Eonand Before
13.4 The Archean Eon: Birth of Continents and Life
13.5 The Proterozoic Eon: The Earth in Transition
13.6 The Paleozoic Era: Continents Reassemble and Life Gets Complex
13.7 The Mesozoic Era: When Dinosaurs Ruled
13.8 The Cenozoic Era: The Modern World Comes to Be
Chapter 13: Practice What You Know
Part V: Earth Resources
Chapter 14: Squeezing Power from a Stone: Energy Resources
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Sources of Energy in the Earth System
14.3 Introducing Hydrocarbon Resources
14.4 Conventional Hydrocarbon Systems
14.5 Unconventional Hydrocarbon Reserves
14.6 Coal: Energy from Swamps of the Past
14.7 Nuclear Power
14.8 Other Energy Sources
14.9 Energy Choices, Energy Problems
Chapter 14: Practice What You Know
Chapter 15: Riches in Rock: Mineral Resources
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Metals and Their Discovery
15.3 Ores, Ore Minerals, and Ore Deposits
15.4 Ore-Mineral Exploration and Production
15.5 Nonmetallic Mineral Resources
15.6 Global Mineral Needs
Chapter 15: Practice What You Know
Part VI: Processes and Problems at the Earth’s Surface
Interlude F: Ever-Changing Landscapes and the Hydrologic Cycle
F.1 Introduction
F.2 Shaping the Earth’s Surface
F.3 Factors Controlling Landscape Development
F.4 The Hydrologic Cycle
F.5 Landscapes of Other Planets
Interlude F: Practice What You Know
Chapter 16: Unsafe Ground: Landslides and Other Mass Wasting
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Types of Mass Wasting
16.3 Why Does Mass Wasting Occur?
16.4 Where Does Mass Wasting Occur?
16.5 How Can We Protect against Mass-Wasting Disasters?
Chapter 16: Practice What You Know
Chapter 17: Streams and Floods: The Geology of Running Water
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Draining the Land
17.3 Describing Flow in Streams
17.4 The Work of Running Water
17.5 How Do Streams Change along Their Length?
17.6 Streams and Their Deposits in the Landscape
17.7 The Evolution of Fluvial Landscapes
17.8 Raging Waters
17.9 Vanishing Rivers
Chapter 17: Practice What You Know
Chapter 18: Restless Realm: Oceans and Coasts
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Landscapes beneath the Sea
18.3 Ocean-Water Characteristics
18.4 Tides
18.5 Wave Action
18.6 Currents: Rivers in the Sea
18.7 Where Land Meets Sea: Coastal Landforms
18.8 Causes of Coastal Variation
18.9 Coastal Problems and Solutions
Chapter 18: Practice What You Know
Chapter 19: A Hidden Reserve: Groundwater
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Where Does Groundwater Reside?
19.3 Characteristics of the Water Table
19.4 Groundwater Flow
19.5 Tapping Groundwater Supplies
19.6 Hot Springs and Geysers
19.7 Groundwater Problems
19.8 Caves and Karst
Chapter 19: Practice What You Know
Chapter 20: An Envelope of Gas: The Earth’s Atmosphere and Climate
20.1 Introduction
20.2 The Formation of the Atmosphere
20.3 General Atmospheric Characteristics
20.4 Atmospheric Layers
20.5 Wind and Global Circulation in the Atmosphere
20.6 Weather and Its Causes
20.7 Storms: Nature’s Fury
20.8 Global Climate
Chapter 20: Practice What You Know
Chapter 21: Dry Regions: The Geology of Deserts
21.1 Introduction
21.2 The Nature and Location of Deserts
21.3 Producing Desert Landscapes
21.4 Deposition in Deserts
21.5 Desert Landforms and Life
21.6 Desert Problems
Chapter 21: Practice What You Know
Chapter 22: Amazing Ice: Glaciers and Ice Ages
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Ice and the Nature of Glaciers
22.3 Carving and Carrying by Ice
22.4 Deposition Associated with Glaciation
22.5 Consequences of Continental Glaciation
22.6 The Pleistocene Ice Age
22.7 The Causes of Ice Ages
Chapter 22: Practice What You Know
Chapter 23: Global Change in the Earth System
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Unidirectional Changes
23.3 Cyclic Changes
23.4 Global Climate Change
23.5 Human Impact on Land and Life
23.6 Recent Climate Change
23.7 The Future of the Earth
Chapter 23: Practice What You Know
Additional Charts: Metric Conversion Chart
The Periodic Table of Elements
Glossary
Credits
Index