Concepts of Genetics, Global Edition

Name: Concepts of Genetics, Global Edition
Price: 4580 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: William S Klug; Michael A Palladino; Darrell Killian
ISBN: 9781292499413

Höfundar: William S Klug; Michael A Palladino; Darrell Killian (Útgáfa: 13)

Kaup valmöguleikar

For all introductory genetics courses. Core concepts with a focus on problem solving and ethics Concepts of Genetics covers the fundamental ideas of genetics while exploring modern techniques and applications of genetic analysis. It offers digestible explanations of complex, analytical topics and aims to equip students to become effective problem solvers. The 13th Edition has been updated to cover cutting-edge genetics content such as the first-ever gene therapy using genome-editing technology, the use of artificial intelligence in bioinformatical analysis, advances in the field of synthetic biology, and the latest research on human genomic diversity.

It includes a new Special Topics Chapter on genetic testing, refined coverage on biological sex and gender identity, enhanced coverage on gene-edited food, and significant updates on genetic techniques and genomic analyses. A new Extra Spicy Question appears in each chapter to bolster the emphasis on problem solving. Additionally, significant revisions embrace diversity and offer an inclusive pedagogical approach to genetics.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi: Pearson International Content

ISBN: 9781292499413

Print ISBN: 9781292767116

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 13

Höfundar: William S Klug; Michael A Palladino; Darrell Killian

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 2026-04-01

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 100

Prent takmörkun: 2

Afritunar takmörkun: 2

Kaflar

Cover
Cover
Front Matter
Title page
Copyright
About the Cover
Preface
About the Authors
A Personal Dedication
Acknowledgments
Interactive Media Contents
Part 1: Genes, Chromosomes, and Heredity
Part 1: Genes, Chromosomes, and Heredity
1: Introduction to Genetics
Introduction: Introduction to Genetics
1.1: A Letter to Our Students
1.2: Genetics Has a Rich and Interesting History
1.3: Genetics Progressed from Mendel to DNA in Less Than a Century
1.4: Discovery of the Double Helix Launched the Era of Molecular Genetics
1.5: Development of Recombinant DNA Technology Began the Era of DNA Cloning
1.6: The Impact of Biotechnology Is Continually Expanding
1.7: Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics Are Rapidly Expanding Fields
1.8: Genetic Studies Rely on the Use of Model Organisms
1.9: We Live in the Age of Genetics
Chapter 1: Summary Points
Chapter 1: Problems and Discussion Questions
2: Mitosis and Meiosis
Introduction: Mitosis and Meiosis
2.1: Cell Structure Is Closely Tied to Genetic Function
2.2: Chromosomes Exist in Homologous Pairs in Diploid Organisms
2.3: Mitosis Partitions Chromosomes into Dividing Cells
2.4: Meiosis Creates Haploid Gametes and Spores and Enhances Genetic Variation in Species
2.5: The Development of Gametes Varies in Spermatogenesis Compared to Oogenesis
2.6: Meiosis Is Critical to Sexual Reproduction in All Diploid Organisms
2.7: Electron Microscopy Has Revealed the Physical Structure of Mitotic and Meiotic Chromosomes
Chapter 2: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 2: Case Study
Chapter 2: Summary Points
Chapter 2: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 2: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 2: Extra-Spicy Problems
3: Mendelian Genetics
Introduction: Mendelian Genetics
3.1: Mendel Used a Model Experimental Approach to Study Patterns of Inheritance
3.2: The Monohybrid Cross Reveals How One Trait Is Transmitted from Generation to Generation
3.3: Mendel’s Dihybrid Cross Generated a Unique F2 Ratio
3.4: The Trihybrid Cross Demonstrates That Mendel’s Principles Apply to Inheritance of Multiple Traits
3.5: Mendel’s Work Was Rediscovered in the Early Twentieth Century
3.6: Independent Assortment Leads to Extensive Genetic Variation
3.7: Laws of Probability Help to Explain Genetic Events
3.8: Chi-Square Analysis Evaluates the Influence of Chance on Genetic Data
3.9: Pedigrees Reveal Patterns of Inheritance of Human Traits
3.10: Genetically Altered Phenotypes Have Been Examined at the Molecular Level
Chapter 3: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 3: Case Study
Chapter 3: Summary Points
Chapter 3: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 3: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 3: Extra-Spicy Problems
4: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics
Introduction: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics
4.1: Alleles Alter Phenotypes in Different Ways
4.2: Geneticists Use a Variety of Symbols for Alleles
4.3: Neither Allele Is Dominant in Incomplete, or Partial, Dominance
4.4: In Codominance, the Influence of Both Alleles in a Heterozygote Is Clearly Evident
4.5: Multiple Alleles of a Gene May Exist in a Population
4.6: Lethal Alleles Represent Essential Genes
4.7: Combinations of Two Gene Pairs with Two Modes of Inheritance Modify the 9:3:3:1 Ratio
4.8: Phenotypes Are Often Affected by More Than One Gene
4.9: Complementation Analysis Can Determine if Two Mutations Causing a Similar Phenotype Are Alleles of the Same Gene
4.10: Expression of a Single Gene May Have Multiple Effects
4.11: X-Linkage Describes Genes on the X Chromosome
4.12: In Sex-Limited and Sex-Influenced Inheritance, an Individual’s Sex Influences the Phenotype
4.13: Genetic Background and the Environment May Alter Phenotypic Expression
Chapter 4: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 4: Case Study
Chapter 4: Summary Points
Chapter 4: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 4: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 4: Extra-Spicy Problems
5: Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes
Introduction: Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes
5.1: Genes Linked on the Same Chromosome Segregate Together
5.2: Crossing Over Serves as the Basis for Determining the Distance between Genes in Chromosome Mapping
5.3: Determining the Gene Sequence during Mapping Requires the Analysis of Multiple Crossovers
5.4: As the Distance between Two Genes Increases, Mapping Estimates Become More Inaccurate
5.5: Drosophila Genes Have Been Extensively Mapped
5.6: Lod Score Analysis and Somatic Cell Hybridization Were Historically Important in Creating Human Chromosome Maps
5.7: Chromosome Mapping Is Currently Performed Using DNA Markers and Annotated Computer Databases
5.8: Crossing Over Involves a Physical Exchange between Chromatids
5.9: Exchanges Also Occur between Sister Chromatids during Mitosis
Chapter 5: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 5: Case Study
Chapter 5: Summary Points
Chapter 5: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 5: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 5: Extra-Spicy Problems
6: Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages
Introduction: Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages
6.1: Bacteria Mutate Spontaneously and Grow at an Exponential Rate
6.2: Genetic Recombination Occurs in Bacteria
6.3: The F Factor Is an Example of a Plasmid
6.4: Transformation Is a Second Process Leading to Genetic Recombination in Bacteria
6.5: Bacteriophages Are Bacterial Viruses
6.6: Transduction Is Virus-Mediated Bacterial DNA Transfer
6.7: Bacteriophages Undergo Intergenic Recombination
6.8: Intragenic Recombination Occurs in Phage T4
Chapter 6: Evolving Concept of the Gene
Chapter 6: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 6: Case Study
Chapter 6: Summary Points
Chapter 6: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 6: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 6: Extra-Spicy Problems
7: Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes
Introduction: Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes
7.1: X and Y Chromosomes Were First Linked to Sex Determination Early in the Twentieth Century
7.2: Sex Determination in Humans
7.3: The Sex Ratio in Humans
7.4: Dosage Compensation Prevents Excessive Expression of X-Linked Genes in Humans and Other Mammals
7.5: The Ratio of X Chromosomes to Sets of Autosomes Can Determine Sex in Some Species
7.6: Temperature Variation Controls Sex Determination in Many Reptiles
Chapter 7: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 7: Case Study
Chapter 7: Summary Points
Chapter 7: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 7: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 7: Extra-Spicy Problems
8: Chromosomal Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement
Introduction: Chromosomal Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement
8.1: Variation in Chromosome Number: Terminology and Origin
8.2: Monosomy and Trisomy Result in a Variety of Phenotypic Effects
8.3: Polyploidy, in Which More Than Two Haploid Sets of Chromosomes Are Present, Is Prevalent in Plants
8.4: Variation Occurs in the Composition and Arrangement of Chromosomes
8.5: A Deletion Is a Missing Region of a Chromosome
8.6: A Duplication Is a Repeated Segment of a Chromosome
8.7: Inversions Rearrange the Linear Gene Sequence
8.8: Translocations Alter the Location of Chromosomal Segments in the Genome
8.9: Fragile Sites in Human Chromosomes Are Susceptible to Breakage
Chapter 8: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 8: Case Study
Chapter 8: Summary Points
Chapter 8: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 8: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 8: Extra-Spicy Problems
9: Extranuclear Inheritance
Introduction: Extranuclear Inheritance
9.1: Organelle Heredity Involves DNA in Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
9.2: Knowledge of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast DNA Helps Explain Organelle Heredity
9.3: Mutations in Mitochondrial DNA Cause Human Disorders
9.4: In Maternal Effect, the Maternal Genotype Has a Strong Influence during Early Development
Chapter 9: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 9: Case Study
Chapter 9: Summary Points
Chapter 9: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 9: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 9: Extra-Spicy Problems
Part 2: DNA: Structure, Replication, and Organization
Part 2: DNA: Structure, Replication, and Organization
10: DNA Structure and Analysis
Introduction: DNA Structure and Analysis
10.1: The Genetic Material Must Exhibit Four Characteristics
10.2: Until 1944, Observations Favored Protein as the Genetic Material
10.3: Evidence Favoring DNA as the Genetic Material Was First Obtained during the Study of Bacteria and Bacteriophages
10.4: Indirect and Direct Evidence Supports the Concept That DNA Is the Genetic Material in Eukaryotes
10.5: RNA Serves as the Genetic Material in Some Viruses
10.6: Knowledge of Nucleic Acid Chemistry Is Essential to the Understanding of DNA Structure
10.7: The Structure of DNA Holds the Key to Understanding Its Function
10.8: Alternative Forms of DNA Exist
10.9: The Structure of RNA Is Chemically Similar to DNA, but Single Stranded
10.10: Many Analytical Techniques Have Been Useful during the Investigation of DNA and RNA
Chapter 10: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 10: Case Study
Chapter 10: Summary Points
Chapter 10: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 10: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 10: Extra-Spicy Problems
11: DNA Replication and Recombination
Introduction: DNA Replication and Recombination
11.1: DNA Is Reproduced by Semiconservative Replication
11.2: DNA Synthesis in Bacteria Involves Five Polymerases, as Well as Other Enzymes
11.3: Many Complex Issues Must Be Resolved during DNA Replication
11.4: A Coherent Model Summarizes DNA Replication
11.5: Replication Is Controlled by a Variety of Genes
11.6: Eukaryotic DNA Replication Is Similar to Replication in Bacteria, but Is More Complex
11.7: Telomeres Solve Stability and Replication Problems at Eukaryotic Chromosome Ends
11.8: Recombination Is Essential for Genetic Exchange and DNA Repair
Chapter 11: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 11: Case Study
Chapter 11: Summary Points
Chapter 11: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 11: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 11: Extra-Spicy Problems
12: DNA Organization in Chromosomes
Introduction: DNA Organization in Chromosomes
12.1: Viral and Bacterial Chromosomes Are Relatively Simple DNA Molecules
12.2: Supercoiling Facilitates Compaction of the DNA of Viral and Bacterial Chromosomes
12.3: Specialized Chromosomes Reveal Variations in the Organization of DNA
12.4: DNA Is Organized into Chromatin in Eukaryotes
12.5: Chromosome Banding Differentiates Regions along the Mitotic Chromosome
12.6: Eukaryotic Genomes Demonstrate Complex Sequence Organization Characterized by Repetitive DNA
12.7: The Vast Majority of a Eukaryotic Genome Does Not Encode Functional Genes
Chapter 12: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 12: Case Study
Chapter 12: Summary Points
Chapter 12: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 12: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 12: Extra-Spicy Problems
Part 3: Gene Expression and its Regulation
Part 3: Gene Expression and Its Regulation
13: The Genetic Code and Transcription
Introduction: The Genetic Code and Transcription
13.1: The Genetic Code Uses Ribonucleotide Bases as “Letters”
13.2: Early Studies Established the Basic Operational Patterns of the Code
13.3: Studies by Nirenberg, Matthaei, and Others Led to Deciphering of the Code
13.4: The Coding Dictionary Reveals Several Interesting Patterns among the 64 Codons
13.5: The Genetic Code Has Been Confirmed in Studies of Phage MS2
13.6: The Genetic Code Is Nearly Universal
13.7: Different Initiation Points Create Overlapping Genes
13.8: Transcription Synthesizes RNA on a DNA Template
13.9: RNA Polymerase Directs RNA Synthesis
13.10: Transcription in Eukaryotes Differs from Bacterial Transcription in Several Ways
13.11: The Coding Regions of Eukaryotic Genes Are Interrupted by Intervening Sequences Called Introns
13.12: RNA Editing May Modify the Final Transcript
13.13: Transcription Has Been Visualized by Electron Microscopy
Chapter 13: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 13: Case Study
Chapter 13: Summary Points
Chapter 13: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 13: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 13: Extra-Spicy Problems
14: Translation and Proteins
Introduction: Translation and Proteins
14.1: Translation of mRNA Depends on Ribosomes and Transfer RNAs
14.2: Translation of mRNA Can Be Divided into Three Steps
14.3: High-Resolution Studies Have Revealed Many Details about the Functional Bacterial Ribosome
14.4: Translation Is More Complex in Eukaryotes
14.5: The Initial Insight That Proteins Are Important in Heredity Was Provided by the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism
14.6: Studies of Neurospora Led to the One-Gene:One-Enzyme Hypothesis
14.7: Studies of Human Hemoglobin Established That One Gene Encodes One Polypeptide
14.8: Variation in Protein Structure Provides the Basis of Biological Diversity
14.9: Posttranslational Modification Alters the Final Protein Product
14.10: Proteins Perform Many Diverse Roles
14.11: Proteins Often Include More Than One Functional Domain
Chapter 14: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 14: Case Study
Chapter 14: Summary Points
Chapter 14: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 14: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 14: Extra-Spicy Problems
15: Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition
Introduction: Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition
15.1: Gene Mutations Are Classified in Various Ways
15.2: Mutations Occur Spontaneously and Randomly
15.3: Spontaneous Mutations Arise from Replication Errors and Base Modifications
15.4: Induced Mutations Arise from DNA Damage Caused by Chemicals and Radiation
15.5: Single-Gene Mutations Cause a Wide Range of Human Diseases
15.6: Organisms Use DNA Repair Systems to Counteract Mutations
15.7: The Ames Test Is Used to Assess the Mutagenicity of Compounds
15.8: Transposable Elements Move within the Genome and May Create Mutations
Chapter 15: Modern Approaches to Understanding Gene Function
Chapter 15: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 15: Case Study
Chapter 15: Summary Points
Chapter 15: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 15: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 15: Extra-Spicy Problems
16: Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria
Introduction: Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria
16.1: Bacteria Regulate Gene Expression in Response to Environmental Conditions
16.2: Lactose Metabolism in E. coli Is Regulated by an Inducible System
16.3: The Catabolite-Activating Protein (CAP) Exerts Positive Control over the lac Operon
16.4: Crystal Structure Analysis of Repressor Complexes Has Confirmed the Operon Model
16.5: The Tryptophan (trp) Operon in E. coli Is a Repressible Gene System
16.6: RNA Plays Diverse Roles in Regulating Gene Expression in Bacteria
Chapter 16: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 16: Case Study
Chapter 16: Summary Points
Chapter 16: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 16: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 16: Extra-Spicy Problems
17: Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
Introduction: Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
17.1: Organization of the Eukaryotic Cell Facilitates Gene Regulation at Several Levels
17.2: Eukaryotic Gene Expression Is Influenced by Chromatin Modifications
17.3: Eukaryotic Transcription Initiation Requires Specific Cis-Acting Sites
17.4: Eukaryotic Transcription Initiation Is Regulated by Transcription Factors That Bind to Cis-Acting Sites
17.5: Activators and Repressors Interact with General Transcription Factors and Affect Chromatin Structure
17.6: Gene Regulation in a Model Organism: Transcription of the GAL Genes of Yeast
17.7: ENCODE Data Are Transforming Our Concepts of Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
Chapter 17: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 17: Case Study
Chapter 17: Summary Points
Chapter 17: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 17: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 17: Extra-Spicy Problems
18: Posttranscriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
Introduction: Posttranscriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
18.1: Regulation of Alternative Splicing Determines Which RNA Spliceforms of a Gene Are Translated
18.2: Gene Expression Is Regulated by mRNA Stability and Degradation
18.3: Noncoding RNAs Play Diverse Roles in Posttranscriptional Regulation
18.4: mRNA Localization and Translation Initiation Are Highly Regulated
18.5: Posttranslational Modifications Regulate Protein Activity
Chapter 18: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 18: Case Study
Chapter 18: Summary Points
Chapter 18: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 18: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 18: Extra-Spicy Problems
19: Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
Introduction: Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
19.1: Molecular Alterations to the Genome Create an Epigenome
19.2: Epigenetics and Monoallelic Gene Expression
19.3: Epigenetics and Cancer
19.4: Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance
19.5: Epigenome Projects and Databases
Chapter 19: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 19: Case Study
Chapter 19: Summary Points
Chapter 19: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 19: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 19: Extra-Spicy Problems
Part 4: Genetic Technology and Genomics
Part 4: Genetic Technology and Genomics
20: Recombinant DNA Technology
Introduction: Recombinant DNA Technology
20.1: Recombinant DNA Technology Began with Two Key Tools: Restriction Enzymes and Cloning Vectors
20.2: DNA Libraries Are Collections of Cloned Sequences
20.3: The Polymerase Chain Reaction Is a Powerful Technique for Copying DNA
20.4: Molecular Techniques for Analyzing DNA and RNA
20.5: DNA Sequencing Is the Ultimate Way to Characterize DNA at the Molecular Level
20.6: RNA Sequencing
20.7: Creating Knockout and Transgenic Organisms for Studying Gene Function
20.8: Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cas
Chapter 20: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 20: Case Study
Chapter 20: Summary Points
Chapter 20: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 20: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 20: Extra-Spicy Problems
21: Genomic Analysis
Introduction: Genomic Analysis
21.1: Genomic Analysis Before Modern Sequencing Methods Involved Classical Genetics Approaches and Cloning to Map One or a Few Genes at a Time
21.2: Whole-Genome Sequencing Is Widely Used for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes
21.3: DNA Sequence Analysis Relies on Bioinformatics Applications and Genome Databases
21.4: Functional Genomics Establishes Gene Function and Identifies Regulatory Elements in a Genome
21.5: The Human Genome Project Revealed Many Important Aspects of Genome Organization in Humans
21.6: The “Omics” Revolution Has Created a New Era of Biological Research
21.7: Comparative Genomics Analyzes and Compares Genomes from Different Organisms
21.8: Metagenomics Applies Genomics Techniques to Environmental Samples
21.9: Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Profiles of Expressed Genes in Cells and Tissues
21.10: Proteomics Identifies and Analyzes the Protein Composition of Cells
Chapter 21: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 21: Case Study
Chapter 21: Summary Points
Chapter 21: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 21: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 21: Extra-Spicy Problems
22: Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology and Genomics
Introduction: Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology and Genomics
22.1: Genetically Engineered Organisms Synthesize a Variety of Valuable Biopharmaceutical Products
22.2: Genetic Engineering of Plants Has Revolutionized Agriculture
22.3: Genetically Modified Animals Serve Important Roles in Biotechnology
22.4: Genome Surveillance for Pathogen Identification
22.5: Synthetic Genomes and the Emergence of Synthetic Biology
22.6: Genetic Engineering, Genomics, and Biotechnology Raise Ethical, Social, and Legal Questions
Chapter 22: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 22: Case Study
Chapter 22: Summary Points
Chapter 22: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 22: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 22: Extra-Spicy Problems
Part 5: Genetic Analysis of Organisms and Populations
Part 5: Genetic Analysis of Organisms and Populations
23: Developmental Genetics
Introduction: Developmental Genetics
23.1: Differentiated States Develop from Coordinated Programs of Gene Expression
23.2: Evolutionary Conservation of Developmental Mechanisms Can Be Studied Using Model Organisms
23.3: Genetic Analysis of Embryonic Development in Drosophila Reveals How the Body Axis of Animals Is Specified
23.4: Segment Formation and Body Plans in Drosophila and Mammals
23.5: Homeotic Selector Genes Specify Body Parts of the Adult
23.6: Plants Have Evolved Developmental Regulatory Systems That Parallel Those of Animals
23.7: C. elegans Serves as a Model Organism for Studying Cell–Cell Interactions during Development
23.8: Binary Switch Genes and Regulatory Networks Program Genomic Expression
23.9: Cancer and Apoptosis
Chapter 23: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 23: Case Study
Chapter 23: Summary Points
Chapter 23: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 23: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 23: Extra-Spicy Problems
24: Cancer Genetics
Introduction: Cancer Genetics
24.1: Cancer Is a Genetic Disease at the Level of Somatic Cells
24.2: Cancer Cells Contain Genetic Defects Affecting Genomic Stability, DNA Repair, Chromatin Modifications, and Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Processes
24.3: Cancer Cells Contain Genetic Defects Affecting Cell-Cycle Regulation
24.4: Proto-oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes Are Altered in Cancer Cells
24.5: Cancer Cells Metastasize and Invade Other Tissues
24.6: Predisposition to Some Cancers Can Be Inherited
24.7: Viruses Contribute to Cancer in Both Humans and Animals
24.8: Environmental Agents Contribute to Human Cancers
24.9: Human Cancer Treatment Strategies Based on Genetics
Chapter 24: Exploring Genomics
Chapter 24: Case Study
Chapter 24: Summary Points
Chapter 24: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 24: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 24: Extra-Spicy Problems
25: Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits
Introduction: Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits
25.1: Not All Polygenic Traits Show Continuous Variation
25.2: Quantitative Traits Can Be Explained in Mendelian Terms
25.3: The Study of Polygenic Traits Relies on Statistical Analysis
25.4: Heritability Values Estimate the Genetic Contribution to Phenotypic Variability
25.5: Twin Studies Allow an Estimation of Heritability in Humans
25.6: Quantitative Trait Loci Are Useful in Studying Multifactorial Phenotypes
Chapter 25: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 25: Case Study
Chapter 25: Summary Points
Chapter 25: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 25: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 25: Extra-Spicy Problems
26: Population and Evolutionary Genetics
Introduction: Population and Evolutionary Genetics
26.1: Genetic Variation Is Present in Most Populations and Species
26.2: The Hardy–Weinberg Law Describes Allele Frequencies and Genotype Frequencies in Population Gene Pools
26.3: The Hardy–Weinberg Law Can Be Applied to Human Populations
26.4: Natural Selection Is a Major Force Driving Allele Frequency Change
26.5: Mutation Creates New Alleles in a Gene Pool
26.6: Migration and Gene Flow Can Alter Allele Frequencies
26.7: Genetic Drift Causes Random Changes in Allele Frequency in Small Populations
26.8: Nonrandom Mating Changes Genotype Frequency but Not Allele Frequency
26.9: Speciation Can Occur through Reproductive Isolation
26.10: Phylogeny Can Be Used to Analyze Evolutionary History
Chapter 26: Genetics, Ethics, and Society
Chapter 26: Case Study
Chapter 26: Summary Points
Chapter 26: Insights and Solutions
Chapter 26: Problems and Discussion Questions
Chapter 26: Extra-Spicy Problems
Special Topics in Modern Genetics
Special Topics in Modern Genetics
ST 1: CRISPR-Cas and Genome Editing
Introduction: CRISPR-Cas and Genome Editing
ST 1.1: CRISPR-Cas Is an Adaptive Immune System in Prokaryotes
ST 1.2: CRISPR-Cas Has Been Adapted as a Powerful Tool for Genome Editing
ST 1.3: CRISPR-Cas Technology Has Diverse Applications
ST 1: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 1: Review Questions
ST 1: Discussion Questions
ST 2: DNA Forensics
Introduction: DNA Forensics
ST 2.1: DNA Profiling Methods
ST 2.2: Interpreting DNA Profiles
ST 2.3: Technical and Ethical Issues Surrounding DNA Profiling
ST 2: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 2: Review Questions
ST 2: Discussion Questions
ST 3: Genetic Testing
Introduction: Genetic Testing
ST 3.1: Testing for Prognostic or Diagnostic Purposes
ST 3.2: Prenatal Genetic Testing to Screen for Conditions
ST 3.3: Genetic Testing Using Allele-Specific Oligonucleotides
ST 3.4: Microarrays for Genetic Testing
ST 3.5: Genetic Analysis of Individual Genomes by DNA Sequencing
ST 3.6: Genome-Wide Association Studies Identify Genome Variations That Contribute to Disease
ST 3.7: Genetic Testing and Ethical, Social, and Legal Questions
ST 3: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 3: Review Questions
ST 3: Discussion Questions
ST 4: Genetic Technology and Food
Introduction: Genetic Technology and Food
ST 4.1: What Are GM Foods?
ST 4.2: Methods Used to Create GM Crops
ST 4.3: Gene-Edited Foods
ST 4.4: The Genetic Engineering of Animals Used for Food
ST 4.5: Health, Safety and Environmental Impacts of GM and Gene-Edited Foods
ST 4.6: The Future of GM Foods and Gene-Edited Foods
ST 4: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 4: Review Questions
ST 4: Discussion Questions
ST 5: Gene Therapy
Introduction: Gene Therapy
ST 5.1: What Genetic Conditions Are Candidates for Treatment by Gene Therapy?
ST 5.2: How Are Therapeutic Genes Delivered?
ST 5.3: The First Successful Gene Therapy Trial
ST 5.4: Gene Therapy Setbacks
ST 5.5: Recent Successful Trials by Conventional Gene Therapy Approaches
ST 5.6: Genome-Editing Approaches to Gene Therapy
ST 5.7: RNA-Based Therapeutics
ST 5.8: Future Challenges and Ethical Issues
ST 5: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 5: Review Questions
ST 5: Discussion Questions
ST 6: Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease
Introduction: Advances in Neurogenetics: The Study of Huntington Disease
ST 6.1: The Search for the Huntington Gene
ST 6.2: The HTT Gene and Its Protein Product
ST 6.3: Molecular and Cellular Alterations in Huntington Disease
ST 6.4: Transgenic Animal Models of Huntington Disease
ST 6.5: Cellular and Molecular Approaches to Therapy
ST 6.6: The HD Brain and Behavior
ST 6: Selected Readings and Resources
ST 6: Review Questions
ST 6: Discussion Questions
Useful Resources
Nobel Prizes Awarded for Research in Genetics or Genetics-Related Areas
Evolving Concept of the Gene
Appendix A: Selected Readings
Appendix A: Selected Readings
Chapter 1: Introduction to Genetics
Chapter 2: Mitosis and Meiosis
Chapter 3: Mendelian Genetics
Chapter 4: Extensions of Mendelian Genetics
Chapter 5: Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes
Chapter 6: Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages
Chapter 7: Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes
Chapter 8: Chromosome Mutations: Variations in Number and Arrangement
Chapter 9: Extranuclear Inheritance
Chapter 10: DNA Structure and Analysis
Chapter 11: DNA Replication and Recombination
Chapter 12: DNA Organization in Chromosomes
Chapter 13: The Genetic Code and Transcription
Chapter 14: Translation and Proteins
Chapter 15: Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition
Chapter 16: Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria
Chapter 17: Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
Chapter 18: Posttranscriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes
Chapter 19: Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
Chapter 20: Recombinant DNA Technology
Chapter 21: Genomic Analysis
Chapter 22: Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology and Genomics
Chapter 23: Developmental Genetics
Chapter 24: Cancer Genetics
Chapter 25: Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits
Chapter 26: Population and Evolutionary Genetics
Appendix B: Answers to Selected Problems
Appendix B: Answers to Selected Problems
Chapter 1 Answer
Chapter 2 Answer
Chapter 3 Answer
Chapter 4 Answer
Chapter 5 Answer
Chapter 6 Answer
Chapter 7 Answer
Chapter 8 Answer
Chapter 9 Answer
Chapter 10 Answer
Chapter 11 Answer
Chapter 12 Answer
Chapter 13 Answer
Chapter 14 Answer
Chapter 15 Answer
Chapter 16 Answer
Chapter 17 Answer
Chapter 18 Answer
Chapter 19 Answer
Chapter 20 Answer
Chapter 21 Answer
Chapter 22 Answer
Chapter 23 Answer
Chapter 24 Answer
Chapter 25 Answer
Chapter 26 Answer
Special Topic 1 Answer
Special Topic 2 Answer
Special Topic 3 Answer
Special Topic 4 Answer
Special Topic 5 Answer
Special Topic 6 Answer
Credits
Credits
Index
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Chemistry and Special Character Glossary
Chemistry and Special Character Glossary
Glossary