Compensation ISE
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- McGraw-Hill Higher Education (International)
- 9781264553631
- 9781265479862
- ePub
- 15
- GERHART
- English
- 2026-02-17
- 100
- 2
- 2
Kaflar
- Table of Contents and Preface
- Cover Page
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Table of Contents
- About the Author
- BARRY GERHART
- Preface
- About This Book
- What’s New
- Proctorio Remote Proctoring & Browser-Locking Capabilities
- ReadAnywhere® App
- ONLINE LEARNING CONSORTIUM-ALIGNED COURSES IMPLEMENTING HIGH-QUALITY INSTRUCTION AND ASSESSMENT THROUGH PRECONFIGURED COURSEWARE
- Test Builder in McGraw Hill Connect®
- Writing Assignment
- Application-Based Activities in McGraw Hill Connect®
- Polling
- Evergreen™
- Create® YOUR BOOK, YOUR WAY
- Education for All
- Acknowledgments
- Connect
- Chapter 1: The Pay Model
- Part One: Introducing the Pay Model and Pay Strategy
- Chapter 1 The Pay Model
- Compensation: Does It Matter? (or, “So What?”)
- Compensation: Definition, Please (Stakeholders)
- Global Views—Vive la Différence
- Views from Different Perspectives (Society, Stockholders, Customers, Managers, & Employees)
- How Pay Influences Behaviors: Incentive and Sorting Effects
- Incentive and Sorting Effects
- Equity and Fairness
- Forms of Pay
- Cash Compensation: Base
- Cash Compensation: COLA, Merit Increases, Merit Bonuses, and Short-Term Incentives
- Cash Compensation: Incentives
- Long-Term Incentives
- Benefits: Income Protection
- Benefits: Work/Life Balance
- Benefits: Allowances
- Total Earnings Opportunities: Present Value of a Stream of Earnings
- Relational Returns from Work
- A Pay Model
- Organizational (and Compensation) Objectives
- Compensation Strategy & Compensation Practices (Techniques)
- Book Plan
- Caveat Emptor—Be an Informed Consumer
- 1. Is the Research Useful?
- 2. Does the Study Separate Correlation from Causation?
- 3. Are There Alternative Explanations?
- Your Turn: Compensation at the World’s Largest Company
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Who Are Amazon’s Peer Companies for Comparing Compensation?
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Wealth and Longevity
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 2: Strategy: The Totality of Decisions
- Chapter 2 Introduction
- Similarities and Differences in Strategies
- Different Strategies within the Same Industry
- Different Strategies within the Same Company
- Strategic Choices
- Support Business Strategy
- Support HR Strategy
- Stated versus Unstated Strategies
- Support HR Strategy
- Developing a Total Compensation Strategy: Four Steps
- Step 1: Assess Total Compensation Implications
- HR Strategy: Pay as a Supporting Player or a Catalyst for Change?
- Step 2: Map a Total Compensation Strategy
- Steps 3 and 4: Implement and Reassess
- Source of Competitive Advantage: Three Tests
- Align
- Differentiate
- Add Value
- “Best Practices” Versus “Best Fit”?
- Guidance from the Evidence
- Virtuous and Vicious Circles
- Your Turn: Pay for Retail Store Managers
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Mapping Compensation Strategies
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnote
- Chapter 3: Defining Internal Alignment
- Part Two: Internal Alignment: Determining the Structure
- Chapter 3 Introduction
- Jobs and Compensation
- Compensation Strategy: Internal Alignment
- Supports Organization Strategy
- Supports Work Flow
- Motivates Behavior
- Structures Vary among Organizations
- Number of Levels
- Differentials
- Criteria: Content and Value
- What Shapes Internal Structures?
- Economic Pressures
- Government Policies, Laws, and Regulations
- External Stakeholders
- Cultures and Customs
- Organization Strategy
- Organization Human Capital
- Organization Work Design
- Overall HR Policies
- Internal Labor Markets: Combining External and Organizational Factors
- Employee Acceptance and Perceived Fairness
- Pay Structures Change
- Strategic Choices in Designing Internal Structures
- Tailored versus Loosely Coupled
- Hierarchical versus Egalitarian and Layered versus Delayered Structures
- Guidance from the Evidence
- Equity Theory: Fairness
- Tournament Theory (and Pay Dispersion): Motivation and Performance
- Institutional Theory: Copy Others and Conform
- (More) Guidance from the Evidence
- Consequences of Structures
- Efficiency (including Retention) and Promotion from Within
- Fairness
- Compliance
- Your Turn: So You Want to Lead an Orchestra!
- Still Your Turn: Talen Energy Internal Structure (If You Don’t Want to Lead the Orchestra...)
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 4: Job Analysis
- Chapter 4 Introduction
- Structures Based on Jobs, People, or Both
- Job-Based Approach: Most Common
- Why Perform Job Analysis?
- Job Analysis Procedures
- What Information Should be Collected?
- Job Data: Identification
- Job Data: Content
- Employee Data
- “Essential Elements” and the Americans with Disabilities Act
- Level of Analysis
- How Can the Information be Collected?
- Conventional Methods
- Quantitative Methods
- Who Collects the Information?
- Who Provides the Information?
- What about Discrepancies?
- Job Descriptions Summarize the Data
- How Many Job Titles?
- Using Generic Job Descriptions
- Describing Managerial/Professional Jobs
- Verify the Description
- Job Analysis: Bedrock or Bureaucracy?
- Job Analysis and Change in Work: Globalization, and Automation (Including AI)
- Change in Work
- Susceptibility to Offshoring
- Susceptibility to Automation and AI
- Job Analysis Information and Comparability across Borders
- Judging Job Analysis
- Reliability
- Validity
- Acceptability
- Currency
- Usefulness
- A Judgment Call
- Your Turn: The Customer-Service Agent (or another job)
- Still Your Turn: A Store Manager at Raising Cane’s or Walmart
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 5: Job-Based Structures and Job Evaluation
- Chapter 5 Introduction
- Job-Based Structures: Job Evaluation
- Defining Job Evaluation: Content, Value, and External Market Links
- Content and Value
- Linking Content with the External Market
- Technical and Process Dimensions
- “How-to”: Major Decisions
- Establish the Purpose
- Single versus Multiple Plans
- Choose among Job Evaluation Methods
- Job Evaluation Methods
- Ranking
- Classification
- Point Method
- Who Should be Involved?
- The Design Process Matters
- The Final Result: Structure
- Balancing Chaos and Control
- Your Turn: Job Evaluation at Whole Foods
- JOB A (Team Member, Deli)32
- JOB B (Cashier)
- JOB C (Team Leader, Prepared Foods)
- JOB D (Team Member, Prepared Foods)
- JOB E (Team Member, Kitchen)
- JOB F (Team Member II, Stock and Display)
- JOB G (Associate Team Leader, Prepared Foods)
- JOB H (Regional Team Leader)
- JOB I (Team Member, Stock and Display)
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 6: Person-Based Structures
- Chapter 6 Introduction
- Person-Based Structures: Skill Plans
- Types of Skill Plans
- Purpose of the Skill-Based Structure
- “How-To”: Skill Analysis
- What Information to Collect?
- Whom to Involve?
- Establish Certification Methods
- Outcomes of Skill-Based Pay Plans: Guidance from Research and Experience
- Person-Based Structures: Competencies
- Defining Competencies
- Purpose of the Competency-Based Structure
- “How-To”: Competency Analysis
- Objective
- What Information to Collect?
- Whom to Involve?
- Establish Certification Methods
- Resulting Structure
- Competencies and Employee Selection and Training/Development
- Guidance (and Caution) from the Research on Competencies
- One More Time: Internal Alignment Reflected in Structures (Person-Based or Job-Based)
- Administering and Evaluating the Plan
- Reliability of Job Evaluation Techniques
- Validity
- Acceptability
- Bias in Internal Structures
- Wages Criteria Bias
- The Perfect Structure
- Your Turn: Climb the Legal Ladder
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 7: Defining Competitiveness
- Part Three: External Competitiveness: Determining the Pay Level
- Chapter 7 Introduction
- Compensation Strategy: External Competitiveness
- Control Costs and Increase Revenues
- Attract and Retain the Right Employees
- What Shapes External Competitiveness?
- Labor Market Factors
- How Labor Markets Work
- Labor Demand
- Marginal Product
- Marginal Revenue
- Labor Supply
- Modifications to the Demand Side
- Compensating Differentials
- Efficiency Wage
- Sorting and Signaling
- Modifications to the Supply Side (Only Two More Theories to go)
- Reservation Wage
- Human Capital
- Product Market Factors and Ability to Pay
- Product Demand
- Degree of Competition
- A Different View: What Managers Say
- Segmented Supplies of Labor and (Different) Going Rates
- Organization Factors
- Industry and Technology
- Employer Size
- People’s Preferences
- Organization Strategy
- Relevant Markets
- Defining the Relevant Market
- Globalization of Relevant Labor Markets: Offshoring and Outsourcing
- Competitive Pay Policy Alternatives
- What Difference Does the Pay-Level Policy Make?
- Pay with Competition (Match)
- Lead Pay-Level Policy
- Lag Pay-Level Policy
- Different Competitive Pay Policies for Different Employee Groups
- Not by Pay Level Alone: Pay-Mix Strategies
- Consequences of Pay-Level and Pay-Mix Decisions: Guidance from the Research
- Efficiency
- Fairness
- Compliance
- Not by Pay Alone: Total Rewards
- Your Turn: Two-Tier Wages
- Still Your Turn: Tariffs and Offshoring: Apple and Restoration Hardware
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Combining Pay Survey and Job Evaluation Data
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Appendix 7-A: Utility Analysis
- Endnotes
- Chapter 8: Designing Pay Levels, Mix, and Pay Structures
- Chapter 8 Introduction
- Major Decisions
- Specify Competitive Pay Policy
- The Purpose of a Survey
- Adjust Pay Level—How Much to Pay?
- Adjust Pay Mix—What Forms?
- Adjust Pay Structure?
- Study Special Situations
- Estimate Competitors’ Labor Costs
- Select Relevant Market Competitors
- More on Geographic Differences in Pay: Remote Work
- Fuzzy Markets
- Design the Survey
- Who Should be Involved?
- How Many Employers?
- Which Jobs to Include?
- What Information to Collect?
- Interpret Survey Results and Construct a Market Line
- Verify Data
- Statistical Analysis
- Update the Survey Data
- Construct a Market Pay Line
- Setting Pay for Benchmark and Non-Benchmark Jobs
- Combine Internal Structure and External Market Rates
- From Policy to Practice: The Pay-Policy Line
- Choice of Measure
- Updating
- Policy Line as Percent of Market Line
- From Policy to Practice: Grades and Ranges
- Why Bother with Grades and Ranges?
- Develop Grades
- Establish Range Midpoints, Minimums, and Maximums
- Overlap (and Midpoint Progression)
- Multiple Pay Structures and Multiple Competitive Positions
- From Policy to Practice: Broad Banding
- Flexibility Control
- Balancing Internal and External Pressures: Adjusting the Pay Structure
- Reconciling Differences
- Market Pricing
- Business Strategy (More than “Follow the Leader”)
- Review
- Your Turn: Talen Energy Pay Structure (redux)
- Still Your Turn: The Manager: An Endangered Corporate Role?
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Remote Work and Pay
- Still (Yes, Really, Still) Your Turn: Word-of-Mouse: Dot-Com Comparisons
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 9: Pay-for-Performance: Theory and Evidence
- Part Four: Employee Contributions: Determining Individual Pay
- Chapter 9 Introduction
- What Behaviors Do Employers Care About? Linking Organization Strategy to Compensation and Performance Management
- What Does it Take to Get These Behaviors? What Theory Says
- What Does it Take to Get These Behaviors? What Practitioners Say
- Does Compensation Motivate Behavior?
- Do People Join a Firm Because of Pay?
- Do People Stay in a Firm (or Leave) Because of Pay?
- Do Employees More Readily Agree to Develop Job Skills Because of Pay?
- Do Employees Perform Better on Their Jobs Because of Pay for Performance? The Short Answer Is “Yes” (Especially Compared to the Alternative)
- Designing a Pay-for-Performance Plan
- Efficiency
- Equity/Fairness
- Compliance
- Your Turn: Google’s (And Amazon’s?) Evolving Pay (PFP) Strategy
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Incentive/PFP Problems at Wells Fargo and Novartis
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Burger Boy
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 10: Pay-for-Performance: Types of Plans
- Chapter 10 Introduction
- What Is a Pay-for-Performance Plan?
- How Widely Used Is Pay for Performance (PFP)?
- Multiple Pay for Performance (PFP) Plans Used in Combination
- The Important Role of Promotion (Internal or External) in Pay for Performance (PFP)
- Pay-for-Performance: Merit Pay Plans
- Pay-for-Performance: Short-Term Incentive Plans (Individual-Based)
- Merit Bonuses (aka Lump-Sum Bonuses)
- Individual Spot Awards
- Individual Incentive Plans
- Individual Incentive Plans: Returns (but also Risks)
- Pay-for-Performance: Short-Term Incentive Plans (“Group”-Based)
- Comparing Group and Individual Incentive Plans
- Large Group Incentive Plans
- Gain-Sharing Plans
- Profit-Sharing Plans
- Earnings-at-Risk Plans
- Group Incentive Plans: Advantages and Disadvantages
- Group Incentive Plans: Examples
- Pay-for-Performance: Long-Term Incentive Plans
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
- Performance Plans (Performance Share and Performance Unit)
- Broad-Based Stock Plans (BBSPs)
- Combination Plans: Mixing Individual and Group
- Does Variable Pay (Short-Term and Long-Term Incentives) Improve Performance Results? The General Evidence
- Your Turn: Relying on Bonuses: Paying for Performance and Variable (versus Fixed) Pay: Goldman Sachs
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: (Still) Looking at Bonuses: The New York City Securities Industry
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Pay at Delta and American Airlines
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 11: Performance Appraisals
- Chapter 11 Introduction
- The Role of Performance Appraisals in Compensation Decisions
- Performance Metrics
- Strategies for Better Understanding and Measuring Job Performance
- The Balanced Scorecard Approach
- Strategy 1: Improve Appraisal Formats
- Strategy 2: Select the Right Raters
- Strategy 3: Understand How Raters Process Information
- Strategy 4: Training Raters to Rate More Accurately
- Strategy 5: Improving Rater Motivation and Opportunity to Rate More Accurately
- Putting it All Together: The Performance Evaluation Process
- “New” Performance Appraisal
- A Checklist of Recommended Behaviors for Managers and Employees
- Equal Employment Opportunity and Performance Evaluation
- Tying Pay to Subjectively Appraised Performance (Merit Pay)
- Competency: Customer Care
- Performance- and Position-Based Guidelines
- Designing Merit Guidelines
- Your Turn: Dealing with Performance Feedback
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: AI and Performance Management (PM)
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Performance Appraisal at American Energy Development
- Background
- Present
- Billy Ray Jenson
- Elizabeth Andrews
- The Performance Appraisal System
- John Robertson’s Concerns
- John’s Action
- Questions for You
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Appendix 11-A: Balanced Scorecard Example: Department of Energy (Federal Personal Property Management Program)
- The Bsc Perspective
- ObJectives, Measures, and Targets
- Appendix 11-B: Sample Appraisal Form for Leadership Dimension: Pfizer Pharmaceutical Performing for Results
- Performing for Results
- Endnotes
- Chapter 12: The Benefit Determination Process
- Part Five: Employee Benefits
- Chapter 12 Introduction
- Overview
- Why the Growth in Employee Benefits?
- Wage and Price Controls
- Unions
- Employer Impetus
- Cost (Including Tax) Effectiveness of Benefits
- Government Impetus
- The Value of Employee Benefits
- Key Issues in Benefit Planning, Design, and Administration
- Benefits Planning and Design Issues(back to External Competitiveness)
- Benefit Administration Issues
- Components of a Benefit Plan
- Employer Factors
- Employee Factors
- Administering the Benefit Program
- Employee Benefit Communication
- Cost Containment
- Your Turn: Ozempic and Other Prescription Drugs for Weight Loss: The Employer Decision to Cover (Pay) or Not
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Long Hours in Banking: Concerns for Employee Health and Well-being
- Questions:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: World Measurement
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 13: Benefit Options
- Chapter 13 Introduction
- Legally Required Benefits
- Workers’ Compensation
- Social Security: Old Age, Survivors, Disability & Health (OASDI) + Medicare
- Unemployment Insurance
- Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
- Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
- Retirement and Savings Plan Payments
- Defined Benefit Plans
- Defined Contribution Plans
- Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs)
- Selected Legal Issues with Retirement Benefits
- Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
- Qualified Plans and Nondiscrimination Rules
- How Much Retirement Income to Provide?
- Life Insurance
- Medical and Medically Related Payments
- General Health Care
- Health Care: Cost Control Strategies
- Short- and Long-Term Disability
- Dental Insurance
- Vision Care
- More Benefits
- Paid Time Off During Working Hours
- Payment for Time Not Worked
- Family-Friendly Policies (Including Child Care, Family Leave, and Flexible Work)
- Elder Care
- Domestic Partner Benefits
- Legal Insurance
- Addressing Financial Precarity (and Financial Wellness)
- Benefits (or Lack Thereof): Contingent and Alternative Work Arrangements Workers
- Your Turn: Retirement: Helping Protect Employees from Themselves
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Evolving benefits: Paid Leave
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Evolving Benefits: Telehealth
- DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 14: Compensation of Special Groups: Executives and Others
- Part Six: Extending the System
- Chapter 14 Introduction
- Special Groups: Overview
- Supervisors
- Corporate Directors
- Executives
- How Aligned are Executive Pay and Performance?
- Say on Pay (Shareholder Votes)
- Components of an Executive Compensation Package
- Executive Compensation: Summary Compensation Table versus Compensation “Actually Paid”
- Why Is Everyone So Interested in Executive Compensation? And. . . Some Different Perspectives
- Scientists and Engineers in High-Tech Industries
- Sales Forces
- Designing a Sales Compensation Plan
- Contingent Workers and Workers under Alternative Work Arrangements (Including Independent Contractors, Gig Workers)
- Your Turn: Short Term Incentive Plan (“STIP”) and Compensation Actually Received (CAR) at General Motors
- Still Your Turn: A Sports Sales Plan
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 15: Union Role in Wage and Salary Administration
- Chapter 15 Introduction
- The Impact of Unions in Wage Determination
- The Level of Compensation
- The Structure of Compensation
- Union Impact: The Spillover (or Threat) Effect
- Role of Unions in Wage and Salary Policies and Practices
- Role of Unions in Discipline, Job Security, and Assignments
- Unions and Alternative Reward Systems (and Variable Pay)
- Lump-Sum Awards/Bonuses
- Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs)
- Pay-for-Knowledge Plans
- Gainsharing Plans
- Profit-Sharing Plans
- Your Turn: Profits at the Big Three: Workers and Stockholders
- Questions:
- Still Your Turn: Collective Bargaining and Compensation in Health Care
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 16: International Pay Systems
- Chapter 16 Introduction
- The Global Context
- The Social Contract
- Centralized or Decentralized Pay-Setting
- Regulation
- (National) Culture
- Is National Culture a Major Constraint on Compensation?
- Trade Unions and Employee Involvement
- Ownership and Financial Markets
- Managerial Autonomy
- Comparing Costs (and Productivity)
- Labor Costs (and Productivity)
- Cost of Living and Purchasing Power
- Employment Standards for Suppliers
- Differences in Standard of Living: Poverty Rates
- Comparing Systems
- Japanese Traditional National System
- German Traditional National System
- Comparison of Traditional Systems in Japan, Germany, United States
- Evolution and Change in the Traditional Japanese and German Models
- Strategic Market Mind-Set
- Localizer: “Think Global, Act Local”
- Exporter: “Headquarters Knows Best”
- Globalizer: “Think and Act Globally and Locally”
- Expatriate Pay
- Elements of Expatriate Compensation
- The Balance Sheet Approach
- Expatriate Systems ⟶ Objectives? Quel dommage!
- Borderless World ⟶ Borderless Pay? Globalists
- Your Turn: Globalization of the Labor Market: The English Premier League
- QUESTIONS:
- Still Your Turn: Apple Employment Code of Conduct for Suppliers
- QUESTIONS:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 17: Government and Legal Issues in Compensation
- Part Seven: Managing the System
- Chapter 17 Introduction
- Government as Part of the Employment Relationship
- Overviews
- Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
- Minimum Wage
- Overtime and Hours of Work
- Child Labor
- Living Wage
- Employee or Independent Contractor?
- Prevailing Wage Laws
- Antitrust Issues
- Pay Discrimination and Pay Equity: What Are They?
- Pay Discrimination
- Pay Equity
- The Equal Pay Act (and Related State Laws)
- Definition of Equal
- Definitions of Skill, Effort, Responsibility, Working Conditions
- Factors Other than Sex
- “Reverse” Discrimination
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Related Laws
- Disparate Treatment
- Disparate Impact
- Executive Order 11246
- Pay Discrimination and Dissimilar Jobs
- Evidence of Discrimination: Use of Market Data
- Evidence of Discrimination: Jobs of Comparable Worth
- Pay Equity Broadly: More Recent Developments
- Pay History Bans and Pay Transparency Laws
- Pay History Bans
- Pay Transparency Laws
- Earnings Gaps
- Sources of the Earnings Gaps
- Compliance: A Proactive Approach
- Your Turn: From Barista to Manager
- Still Your Turn: The Case of Lady Gaga’s (Former) Personal Assistant
- QUESTIONS:
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: Caitlin Clark’s Salary
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Chapter 18: Management: Making It Work
- Chapter 18 Introduction
- Managing Labor Costs and Revenues
- Managing Labor Costs
- Number of Employees (a.k.a.: Staffing Levels or Headcount)
- Hours
- Benefits
- Average Cash Compensation (Fixed and Variable Components)
- Budget Controls: Top Down and Bottom Up
- Budget Controls: Bottom Up
- Budget Controls: Embedded (Design)
- Managing Revenues
- Using Compensation to Retain (and Recruit) Top Employees
- Managing Pay to Support Strategy and Change
- Communication: Managing the Message
- Pay Secrecy versus Transparency/Openness
- Pay Communication: General Principles
- Say What? (Or, What to Say?)
- Opening the Books
- Structuring the Compensation Function and its Roles
- Centralization–Decentralization (and/or Outsourcing)
- Ethics: Managing or Manipulating?
- Your Turn: Communication by Copier
- Still Your Turn: Managing Compensation Costs, Headcount, and Participation/Communication Issues
- Still (Yes, Still) Your Turn: “Shopify Says No New Hires Unless AI Can’t Do the Job”
- Questions:
- Summary
- Review Questions
- Endnotes
- Glossary
- Glossary
- Name Index
- Name Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- Q
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
- X
- Y
- Z
- Subject Index
- Subject Index
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
- N
- O
- P
- Q
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- W
- X
- Y
- Z
- Accessibility Content: Extended Description for Images
- Exhibit 1.6 Extended Description (Chapter 1)
- Exhibit 1.7 Extended Description (Chapter 1)
- Exhibit 2.2 Extended Description (Chapter 2)
- Exhibit 2.4 Extended Description (Chapter 2)
- Exhibit 2.5 Extended Description (Chapter 2)
- Exhibit 2.7 Extended Description (Chapter 2)
- Exhibit 2.8 Extended Description (Chapter 2)
- Exhibit II.1 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.3 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.4 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.5 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.6 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.7 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 3.10 Extended Description (Chapter 3)
- Exhibit 4.1 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.3 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.4 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.7 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.10 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.16 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.19 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 4.20 Extended Description (Chapter 4)
- Exhibit 5.1 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.4 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.8 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.11 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.13 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.14 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 5.16 Extended Description (Chapter 5)
- Exhibit 6.1 Extended Description (Chapter 6)
- Exhibit 6.4 Extended Description (Chapter 6)
- Exhibit 6.6 Extended Description (Chapter 6)
- Exhibit III.2 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.3 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.4 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.5 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.6 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.7 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.17 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.18 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.19 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.20 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 7.21 Extended Description (Chapter 7)
- Exhibit 8.4 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.7 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.8 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.11 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.13 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.15 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.16 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.17 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.18 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.19 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.20 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.21 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.23 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.23 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit 8.26 Extended Description (Chapter 8)
- Exhibit IV.1 Extended Description (Chapter 9)
- Exhibit 9.1 Extended Description (Chapter 9)
- Exhibit 9.2 Extended Description (Chapter 9)
- Capabilities of a District Manager Extended Description (Chapter 11)
- Exhibit V.1 Extended Description (Chapter 12)
- Exhibit 12.2 Extended Description (Chapter 12)
- Exhibit 12.8 Extended Description (Chapter 12)
- Exhibit 13.8 Extended Description (Chapter 13)
- Exhibit 13.10 Extended Description (Chapter 13)
- Exhibit VI.1 Extended Description (Chapter 14)
- Exhibit 14.14 Extended Description (Chapter 14)
- Exhibit 14.17 Extended Description (Chapter 14)
- Exhibit 14.18 Extended Description (Chapter 14)
- Exhibit 15.4 Extended Description (Chapter 15)
- Exhibit 16.1 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.2 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.3 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.4 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.5 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.6 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.9 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.17 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.20 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit 16.23 Extended Description (Chapter 16)
- Exhibit VII.1 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.3 Extended description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.9 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.11 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.12 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.13 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.14 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 17.15 Extended Description (Chapter 17)
- Exhibit 18.1 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.2 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.3 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.4 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.6 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.7 Extended Description (Chapter 18)
- Exhibit 18.12 Extended Description (Chapter 18)