Blueprints Medicine

Name: Blueprints Medicine
Price: 9460 ISK
Availability: InStock
Author: Vincent Young
ISBN: 9781496321039

Höfundur: Vincent Young (Útgáfa: 6)

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Now fully revised and updated, this best-selling Blueprints title is an ideal resource for the internal medicine clerkship, USMLE review, and as a rapid reference in day-to-day patient care. Chapters are consistently organized to provide high-yield content on major disorders, including epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, history, physical examination, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Practical and concise, it includes student-friendly features such as bolded key words, useful tables and figures, and popular Key Points boxes with must-know clinical information.

Blueprints Medicine provides a concise review of what students need to know in their rotations or for the boards, and follows the Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine guidelines. The 6th Edition has been thoroughly updated to include new clinical guidelines and therapeutic recommendations, as well as new tables and figures. Students can assess their knowledge with a question-and-answer section at the end of the book that includes 100 board-format questions with complete rationales for each answer, as well as 50 additional questions online.

Nánar um bókina

Útgefandi: Wolters Kluwer Health

ISBN: 9781496321039

Print ISBN: 9781469864150

Format: ePub

Útgáfa: 6

Höfundar: Vincent Young

Tungumál: English

Útgefið: 09/2015

Prent takmörkun á líftíma: 10

Prent takmörkun: 2

Afritunar takmörkun: 2

Flokkar: Heilbrigðisvísindi

Efnisflokkar: Læknisfræði › Prófundirbúningur & Yfirlit

Kaflar

Front Matter
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Part 1: Cardiovascular
Chapter 1: Chest Pain
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 1-1: Electrocardiogram
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 2: Shock
TABLE 2-1: Characteristics of Shock Syndromes
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CARDIOGENIC
HYPOVOLEMIC
DISTRIBUTIVE
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION AND TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 3: Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Angina
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 3-1
Figure 3-2
Figure 3-3
TREATMENT
PREVENTION OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND DEATH FROM CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
ANTIANGINAL TREATMENT
REVASCULARIZATION
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 4: Acute Coronary Syndromes
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY/PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION AND RISK STRATIFICATION
Figure 4-1
TREATMENT
ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY
PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS
NON-ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 5: Heart Failure
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Figure 5-1
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 5-2
TREATMENT
ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA
CHRONIC SYSTOLIC FUNCTION
TABLE 5-1: Standard Medications for HFrEF
ADVANCED HEART FAILURE
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 6: Bradyarrhythmias
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 6-1
Figure 6-2
Figure 6-3
Figure 6-4
TREATMENT
Figure 6-5
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 7: Tachyarrhythmias
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Figure 7-1
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
TABLE 7-1: Common Tachyarrhythmias by Category
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 7-2
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Figure 7-3
REGULAR NARROW COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA
Figure 7-4
IRREGULAR NARROW COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA
WIDE COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA
Figure 7-5
Figure 7-6
OTHER LABORATORY STUDIES
TREATMENT: GENERAL PRINCIPLES
TREATMENT: SPECIFIC ARRHYTHMIAS
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
ATRIAL FLUTTER
MULTIFOCAL ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA
SUPRAVENTRICULAR REENTRANT TACHYCARDIAS
VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
TORSADE DE POINTES
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 8: Hypertension
DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION
TABLE 8-1: Staging of Hypertension
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT: GOALS
TREATMENT: NONPHARMACOLOGIC
TREATMENT: PHARMACOLOGIC
TABLE 8-2: First-Line Antihypertensive Medications
TABLE 8-3: Other Antihypertensive Medications
TREATMENT: URGENT CONDITIONS
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 9: Valvular Heart Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
TABLE 9-1: Clinical and Diagnostic Features of Valvular Lesions
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 9-1
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 10: Vascular Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
ACUTE ARTERIAL OCCLUSION
AORTIC DISSECTION
Figure 10-1
AORTIC ANEURYSMS
PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 11: Syncope*
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
TABLE 11-1: Common Causes of Syncope
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
TABLE 11-2: Alternate Causes That May Mimic Syncope
TABLE 11-3: Historical Features of Syncope and Suggested Etiologies
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 11-4: Diagnostic Modalities in the Evaluation of Syncope
PROGNOSIS
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Part 2: Respiratory
Chapter 12: Dyspnea
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
ACUTE DYSPNEA
CHRONIC DYSPNEA
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
TABLE 12-1: Descriptors for Air Hunger Commonly Chosen by Patients from Lists
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 12-1
TABLE 12-2: Patterns of PFT Abnormalities
KEY POINTS
Chapter 13: Cough
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 14: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
PATHOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 14-1: Spirometric Classification of COPD Severity Based on Post-bronchodilator FEV1 in Patients with FEV1/FVC <0.70
TREATMENT
TREATMENT OF STABLE COPD
TREATMENT OF ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF COPD
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 15: Asthma
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
Figure 15-1
Figure 15-2
KEY POINTS
Chapter 16: Pulmonary Embolism
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 16-1: Modified Wells Criteria for the Clinical Assessment of PE
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 17: Interstitial Lung Disease
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
PNEUMOCONIOSES
HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS
DRUGS
OTHER CAUSES (IDIOPATHIC)
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 17-1
Figure 17-2
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 18: Pleural Effusions
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 18-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 19: Lung Cancer
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 19-1
Figure 19-2
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Part 3: Renal
Chapter 20: Acid–Base Disturbances
Figure 20-1
Figure 20-2
PATHOGENESIS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CAUSES OF METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
CAUSES OF METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
CAUSES OF RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
CAUSES OF RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 21: Fluid and Electrolytes
REGULATION OF SODIUM AND WATER
DISTURBANCES IN SODIUM AND WATER BALANCE
VOLUME DEPLETION
Clinical Manifestations
Treatment
HYPONATREMIA
Clinical Manifestations
Treatment
HYPERNATREMIA
Etiology
Clinical Manifestations
Treatment
DISORDERS OF POTASSIUM BALANCE
HYPOKALEMIA
HYPERKALEMIA
Figure 21-1
Treatment
KEY POINTS
Chapter 22: Acute Kidney Injury
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 22-1
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 23: Chronic Kidney Disease
TABLE 23-1: KDOQI Definitions
TABLE 23-2: Stages of CKD
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 24: Glomerular Disease
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 25: Nephrolithiasis
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 25-1: Clinical Features of Kidney Stones
TREATMENT: ACUTE MANAGEMENT
TREATMENT: PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 26: Hematuria
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 26-1
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Part 4: Infectious Disease
Chapter 27: Fever and Rash
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
TABLE 27-1: Conditions Presenting with Fever and Rash
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
KEY POINTS
Chapter 28: Pneumonia
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 28-1
TREATMENT
TABLE 28-1: Epidemiologic Conditions and Associated Pathogens
TABLE 28-2: Classification and Empirical Therapy for CAP
KEY POINTS
Chapter 29: Sexually Transmitted Infections
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
TABLE 29-1: Clinical Syndromes Seen in STDs
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 29-2: Gram Stain Evaluation of Suspected Cases of PID or Urethritis
TREATMENT
SYPHILIS
Figure 29-1
KEY POINTS
Chapter 30: Urinary Tract Infections
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 30-1
TREATMENT
WOMEN
MEN
KEY POINTS
Chapter 31: Tuberculosis
PATHOGENESIS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 31-1
TREATMENT
TABLE 31-1: Adverse Reactions to TB Drug Treatment
KEY POINTS
Chapter 32: Gastroenteritis
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 32-1: Causes of Gastroenteritis
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 33: Infective Endocarditis
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CASE DEFINITION
ETIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 33-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 34: Meningitis
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
TABLE 34-1: Common Etiologies of ABM in Adults
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
TABLE 34-2: Comparison of Clinical Features: ABM and Acute Viral Meningitis
KEY POINTS
Chapter 35: HIV Part I: Primary Care of the HIV-Infected Patient
Figure 35-1
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Figure 35-2
CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND NATURAL HISTORY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
ANTIVIRAL AGENTS
KEY POINTS
Chapter 36: HIV Part II: Prophylaxis and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
TESTING
Figure 36-1
TREATMENT
TABLE 36-1: Treatment and Prophylaxis of Major Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Individuals
KEY POINTS
Part 5: Gastrointestinal
Chapter 37: Abdominal Pain
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 37-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 38: Diarrhea
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 38-1: Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for IBS
KEY POINTS
Chapter 39: Dyspepsia
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 39-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 40: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
TABLE 40-1: Diagnosis and Treatment of IBD
KEY POINTS
Chapter 41: Hepatitis
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TABLE 41-1: Features of Viral Hepatitis
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 41-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 42: Cirrhosis
ETIOLOGY
INHERITED DISORDERS
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 42-1: SAAG Test for Cause of Ascites
TREATMENT
TABLE 42-2: Child–Pugh Score for Cirrhosis
THERAPEUTICS
Treatment of Ascites
Treatment of Esophageal Varices
Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy
CONTINUED CARE
Portosystemic Shunts
Hepatocellular Cancer
KEY POINTS
Chapter 43: Cholestatic Liver Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL EVALUATION
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
INTRAHEPATIC OBSTRUCTION
EXTRAHEPATIC OBSTRUCTION
KEY POINTS
Chapter 44: Pancreatitis
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
TABLE 44-1: Ranson Criteria for Pancreatitis
KEY POINTS
Chapter 45: Colorectal Cancer
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 45-1
TABLE 45-1: Tests for Colorectal Neoplasms*
TREATMENT
TABLE 45-2: Guidelines for Colorectal Cancer Screening
KEY POINTS
Part 6: Endocrine
Chapter 46: Weight Loss
PATHOGENESIS
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 47: Hyperthyroidism
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 47-1
TREATMENT
TABLE 47-1: Antithyroid Drugs
FOLLOW UP
KEY POINTS
Chapter 48: Hypothyroidism
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 49: Diabetes Mellitus
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
DIETARY THERAPY
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMICS
INSULIN THERAPY
TABLE 49-1: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Insulin Preparations
OTHER INJECTABLE THERAPIES
APPROACH TO GLUCOSE CONTROL
COMPLICATIONS
DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
TABLE 49-2: Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis
HYPEROSMOLAR NONKETOTIC COMA
HYPOGLYCEMIA
MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS
MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS
KEY POINTS
Chapter 50: Hypercalcemia
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 50-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 51: Adrenal Insufficiency
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
ELECTROLYTES
ADDITIONAL LABORATORY FINDINGS
CORTISOL
COSYNTROPIN STIMULATION TEST
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 52: Cushing Syndrome
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 52-1
IMAGING STUDIES
TREATMENT
SURGICAL RESECTION
ADRENALECTOMY
MEDICAL THERAPY
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 53: Pituitary Disease
TABLE 53-1: Hormones and Their Major Functions
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
PITUITARY ADENOMAS
Figure 53-1
PANHYPOPITUITARISM
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
TREATMENT
PITUITARY ADENOMAS
PANHYPOPITUITARISM
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 54: Nutritional Disorders
TABLE 54-1: Classic Syndromes of Vitamin Deficiency or Excess
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS
Thiamine (B1)
Pyridoxine (B6)
Niacin
Folate
Vitamin C
Other Water-Soluble Vitamins
TRACE ELEMENTS
Iron
Zinc
Copper
Therapeutic Use
KEY POINTS
Chapter 55: Dyslipidemia
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 55-1: Examples of CV Risk Using Different Calculators
TREATMENT
DIETARY TREATMENT
SECONDARY PREVENTION WITH STATINS
TABLE 55-2: Expected Effect of Statin on LDL Level
PRIMARY PREVENTION WITH STATINS
MEDICATIONS
TABLE 55-3: Drug Effects on Lipid Profiles and Side Effects
TREATMENT OF ISOLATED HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
KEY POINTS
Part 7: Rheumatology
Chapter 56: Acute Monoarticular Arthritis
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 56-1: General Guidelines for Interpreting Leukocyte Count
TREATMENT
INFECTION
CRYSTALLINE DISEASE
TRAUMATIC CAUSES
KEY POINTS
Chapter 57: Low Back Pain
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
TABLE 57-1: Findings of Herniated Disks
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
KEY POINTS
Chapter 58: Rheumatoid Arthritis
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Figure 58-1
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 58-1: 2010 ACR-EULAR Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 59: Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
TABLE 59-1: Comparison of the Spondyloarthropathies
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 59-1
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 60: Connective Tissue Diseases
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
TABLE 60-1: Features of the Connective Tissue Diseases
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 60-2: Autoantibodies in Connective Tissue Diseases
TREATMENT
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS
POLYMYOSITIS/DERMATOMYOSITIS
SJÖGREN SYNDROME
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 61: Vasculitis
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 61-1: Biopsy Results in the Vasculitides
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 62: Amyloidosis
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY
PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
TABLE 62-1: Organ Involvement in Amyloidosis
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Figure 62-1
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Part 8: Hematology/Oncology
Chapter 63: Anemia
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Figure 63-1
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 63-1: Peripheral Smear Findings
Figure 63-2
Figure 63-3
Figure 63-4
Figure 63-5
Figure 63-6
MICROCYTIC ANEMIA
TABLE 63-2: Common Patterns in Microcytic Anemias
MACROCYTIC ANEMIA
NORMOCYTIC ANEMIA
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
B12 DEFICIENCY
BONE MARROW BIOPSY
KEY POINTS
Chapter 64: Hemolytic Anemia
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL FINDINGS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 64-1
FURTHER DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
KEY POINTS
Chapter 65: Adenopathy
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
KEY POINTS
Chapter 66: Bleeding Disorders
Figure 66-1
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TABLE 66-1: Laboratory Features in Bleeding Disorders
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
TREATMENT
KEY POINTS
Chapter 67: Breast Cancer
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 67-1
STAGING OF BREAST CANCER
TREATMENT
ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR EARLY STAGE BREAST CARCINOMA
TABLE 67-1: Adjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer
TABLE 67-2: Medications Used in Breast Cancer
METASTATIC BREAST CANCER
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 68: Prostate Cancer
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
STAGING
TREATMENT
ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE
SURGICAL THERAPY
RADIATION THERAPY
HORMONAL THERAPY
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 69: Leukemia
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
KEY POINTS
Chapter 70: Lymphoma
TABLE 70-1: Classification of Lymphomas
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 70-1
TREATMENT
TABLE 70-2: Prognostic Factors for the Lymphomas
FOLLOW UP
KEY POINTS
Part 9: Neurology
Chapter 71: Headache
TABLE 71-1: Secondary Causes of Headache
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
HISTORY
TABLE 71-2: Characteristics and Treatment of Primary Headache Syndromes
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
MIGRAINE HEADACHES
TENSION TYPE HEADACHES
CLUSTER HEADACHES
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 72: Delirium
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 73: Dizziness
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Figure 73-1
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
Figure 73-2
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 74: Dementia
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
TABLE 74-1: Characteristics of Common Dementia Syndromes
Figure 74-1
RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
CONTINUED CARE AND PROGNOSIS
KEY POINTS
Chapter 75: Stroke
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PATHOGENESIS AND RISK FACTORS
Figure 75-1
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
HISTORY
TABLE 75-1: Characteristics of Common Stroke Syndromes
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Figure 75-2
Figure 75-3
TREATMENT
THROMBOLYSIS
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Chapter 76: Seizures
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
TABLE 76-1: Classification of Seizures
HISTORY
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TREATMENT
PROGNOSIS
CONTINUED CARE
KEY POINTS
Back Matter
Q: Questions
A: Answers
Index
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
Plate 4
Plate 5
Plate 6
Plate 7
Plate 8
Plate 9
Plate 10
Plate 11
Plate 12
Plate 13
Plate 14
Plate 15
Plate 16
Plate 17
Plate 18
Plate 19
Plate 20
Plate 21
Plate 22
Plate 23
Plate 24
Plate 25
Plate 26